Line Hops and Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior and Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical Study
# Background Clinical tests should replicate the stressful positions encountered during sport participation. Evaluating the kinetic and electromyographical demands of clinical tests enables clinicians to choose appropriate tests for specific sports. # Purpose To describe the shoulder forces and m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North American Sports Medicine Institute
2021-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.21454 |
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| _version_ | 1825196986721107968 |
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| author | Margie K Olds Nicole Lemaster Kelsey Picha Cody Walker Nick Heebner Tim Uhl |
| author_facet | Margie K Olds Nicole Lemaster Kelsey Picha Cody Walker Nick Heebner Tim Uhl |
| author_sort | Margie K Olds |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | # Background
Clinical tests should replicate the stressful positions encountered during sport participation. Evaluating the kinetic and electromyographical demands of clinical tests enables clinicians to choose appropriate tests for specific sports.
# Purpose
To describe the shoulder forces and muscle activation levels during closed chain functional tests of Line Hops (LH) and Side Hold Rotation (SHR).
# Study Design
Descriptive biomechanical study
# Methods
Ten asymptomatic participants were examined in a university laboratory. Two functional tests were evaluated using three-dimensional video analysis and electromyography to measure shoulder forces, moments, and muscular activity levels.
# Results
SHR produced a peak average posterior translation force of 4.84 N/kg (CI~95~ 4.32-5.36N/kg) and a peak average anterior translational force of 1.57 N/kg (CI~95~ 1.10-2.01N/kg). High levels of serratus anterior (98% maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and infraspinatus (52 %MVIC) were recorded during SHR. LH produced a posterior translational force of 4.25 N/kg (CI~95~ 3.44–5.06N/kg). High levels of serratus anterior (105 %MVIC) and infraspinatus (87 %MVIC) were recorded during the push off phase of this activity.
# Conclusions
LH and SHR placed large posterior translational forces that approached half of a person’s bodyweight on shoulder structures. SHR produced an anterior translation force at extremes of horizontal abduction placing approximately 18% of bodyweight on shoulder structures. The LH test required the serratus anterior to provide power to push the upper torso of the ground while both the serratus and the infraspinatus provides scapular and humeral stability, respectively.
# Level of Evidence
4: Case series |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-07f6ebd8a2504443b587bb062fafd034 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2159-2896 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | North American Sports Medicine Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-07f6ebd8a2504443b587bb062fafd0342025-02-11T20:27:48ZengNorth American Sports Medicine InstituteInternational Journal of Sports Physical Therapy2159-28962021-04-01162Line Hops and Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior and Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical StudyMargie K OldsNicole LemasterKelsey PichaCody WalkerNick HeebnerTim Uhl# Background Clinical tests should replicate the stressful positions encountered during sport participation. Evaluating the kinetic and electromyographical demands of clinical tests enables clinicians to choose appropriate tests for specific sports. # Purpose To describe the shoulder forces and muscle activation levels during closed chain functional tests of Line Hops (LH) and Side Hold Rotation (SHR). # Study Design Descriptive biomechanical study # Methods Ten asymptomatic participants were examined in a university laboratory. Two functional tests were evaluated using three-dimensional video analysis and electromyography to measure shoulder forces, moments, and muscular activity levels. # Results SHR produced a peak average posterior translation force of 4.84 N/kg (CI~95~ 4.32-5.36N/kg) and a peak average anterior translational force of 1.57 N/kg (CI~95~ 1.10-2.01N/kg). High levels of serratus anterior (98% maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) and infraspinatus (52 %MVIC) were recorded during SHR. LH produced a posterior translational force of 4.25 N/kg (CI~95~ 3.44–5.06N/kg). High levels of serratus anterior (105 %MVIC) and infraspinatus (87 %MVIC) were recorded during the push off phase of this activity. # Conclusions LH and SHR placed large posterior translational forces that approached half of a person’s bodyweight on shoulder structures. SHR produced an anterior translation force at extremes of horizontal abduction placing approximately 18% of bodyweight on shoulder structures. The LH test required the serratus anterior to provide power to push the upper torso of the ground while both the serratus and the infraspinatus provides scapular and humeral stability, respectively. # Level of Evidence 4: Case serieshttps://doi.org/10.26603/001c.21454 |
| spellingShingle | Margie K Olds Nicole Lemaster Kelsey Picha Cody Walker Nick Heebner Tim Uhl Line Hops and Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior and Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical Study International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| title | Line Hops and Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior and Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical Study |
| title_full | Line Hops and Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior and Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical Study |
| title_fullStr | Line Hops and Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior and Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Line Hops and Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior and Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical Study |
| title_short | Line Hops and Side Hold Rotation Tests Load Both Anterior and Posterior Shoulder: A Biomechanical Study |
| title_sort | line hops and side hold rotation tests load both anterior and posterior shoulder a biomechanical study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.21454 |
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