A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario

Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation plays a crucial role in array signal processing across various domains, including radar, sonar, wireless communications, and seismic exploration. However, traditional DOA techniques often assume either far-field (FF) or near-field (NF) propagation, limiting thei...

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Main Authors: Amir Masoud Molaei, Bijan Zakeri, Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Andargoli, Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi, Vincent Fusco, Okan Yurduseven
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: IEEE 2024-01-01
Series:IEEE Access
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Online Access:https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10522654/
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author Amir Masoud Molaei
Bijan Zakeri
Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Andargoli
Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi
Vincent Fusco
Okan Yurduseven
author_facet Amir Masoud Molaei
Bijan Zakeri
Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Andargoli
Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi
Vincent Fusco
Okan Yurduseven
author_sort Amir Masoud Molaei
collection DOAJ
description Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation plays a crucial role in array signal processing across various domains, including radar, sonar, wireless communications, and seismic exploration. However, traditional DOA techniques often assume either far-field (FF) or near-field (NF) propagation, limiting their applicability in scenarios involving mixed-field sources. DOA estimation and localization in scenarios involving mixed NF and FF sources is a complex and dynamic field that has garnered significant research attention in recent years. This multifaceted and evolving area holds promise for addressing challenges in radar, wireless communications, and acoustic sensing applications. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the methodologies, techniques, and advancements in this domain. We categorize existing methodologies, discussing their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we delve into the mathematical modeling of mixed-field sources and essential signal processing techniques for parameter estimation. Special attention is given to technical issues such as aperture loss, computational complexity, and hardware considerations. The paper discusses the various sources of noise in the mentioned scenario and highlights the importance of modeling noise accurately for effective estimation. It also explores different scenarios and assumptions considered in the literature, ranging from non-Gaussian and non-stationary noise environments to scenarios involving multipath propagation and unknown mutual coupling effects. A detailed examination of the statistical approaches used in DOA estimation and localization reveals a diverse range of methods, including higher-order statistics and second-order statistics, each with its own advantages and applications. A comparative evaluation of various approaches highlights their performance in terms of estimation accuracy, resolution, aperture loss and computational efficiency. This provides insights into the trade-offs involved in choosing between different approaches. The review also identifies promising future research directions, such as the exploration of advanced signal processing techniques like compressive sensing and deep learning, exact NF modeling, estimation based on one-bit measurements, the integration of polarization diversity, employing metasurface antennas, tracking parameters, and the utilization of full-wave or experimental data for a more realistic representation of the challenges. By reviewing advances in methodologies and techniques, as well as outlining future research directions aimed at addressing the complexities of mixed-field scenarios, this paper paves the way for the development of more robust and reliable localization systems capable of handling real-world complexities.
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spelling doaj-art-0993169be916495aa48bc00ff409c1892025-02-12T00:01:11ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362024-01-0112658836591810.1109/ACCESS.2024.339835110522654A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources ScenarioAmir Masoud Molaei0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8470-7385Bijan Zakeri1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7115-0055Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Andargoli2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8277-7002Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1283-4614Vincent Fusco4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4041-4027Okan Yurduseven5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0242-3029Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, U.K.Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, IranElectrical and Computer Engineering Faculty, Babol Noshirvani University of Technology, Babol, IranInstitute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, U.K.Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, U.K.Institute of Electronics, Communications and Information Technology (ECIT), Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, U.K.Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation plays a crucial role in array signal processing across various domains, including radar, sonar, wireless communications, and seismic exploration. However, traditional DOA techniques often assume either far-field (FF) or near-field (NF) propagation, limiting their applicability in scenarios involving mixed-field sources. DOA estimation and localization in scenarios involving mixed NF and FF sources is a complex and dynamic field that has garnered significant research attention in recent years. This multifaceted and evolving area holds promise for addressing challenges in radar, wireless communications, and acoustic sensing applications. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the methodologies, techniques, and advancements in this domain. We categorize existing methodologies, discussing their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we delve into the mathematical modeling of mixed-field sources and essential signal processing techniques for parameter estimation. Special attention is given to technical issues such as aperture loss, computational complexity, and hardware considerations. The paper discusses the various sources of noise in the mentioned scenario and highlights the importance of modeling noise accurately for effective estimation. It also explores different scenarios and assumptions considered in the literature, ranging from non-Gaussian and non-stationary noise environments to scenarios involving multipath propagation and unknown mutual coupling effects. A detailed examination of the statistical approaches used in DOA estimation and localization reveals a diverse range of methods, including higher-order statistics and second-order statistics, each with its own advantages and applications. A comparative evaluation of various approaches highlights their performance in terms of estimation accuracy, resolution, aperture loss and computational efficiency. This provides insights into the trade-offs involved in choosing between different approaches. The review also identifies promising future research directions, such as the exploration of advanced signal processing techniques like compressive sensing and deep learning, exact NF modeling, estimation based on one-bit measurements, the integration of polarization diversity, employing metasurface antennas, tracking parameters, and the utilization of full-wave or experimental data for a more realistic representation of the challenges. By reviewing advances in methodologies and techniques, as well as outlining future research directions aimed at addressing the complexities of mixed-field scenarios, this paper paves the way for the development of more robust and reliable localization systems capable of handling real-world complexities.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10522654/Antenna arrayarray signal processingazimuth/elevation angle and range estimationsDOA estimationFresnel regionmixed-field sources
spellingShingle Amir Masoud Molaei
Bijan Zakeri
Seyed Mehdi Hosseini Andargoli
Muhammad Ali Babar Abbasi
Vincent Fusco
Okan Yurduseven
A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario
IEEE Access
Antenna array
array signal processing
azimuth/elevation angle and range estimations
DOA estimation
Fresnel region
mixed-field sources
title A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario
title_full A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario
title_fullStr A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario
title_full_unstemmed A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario
title_short A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario
title_sort comprehensive review of direction of arrival estimation and localization approaches in mixed field sources scenario
topic Antenna array
array signal processing
azimuth/elevation angle and range estimations
DOA estimation
Fresnel region
mixed-field sources
url https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10522654/
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