From non-human to human primates: a translational approach to enhancing resection, safety, and indications in glioma surgery while preserving sensorimotor abilities
Since the pivotal studies of neurophysiologists in the early 20th century, research on brain functions in non-human primates has provided valuable insights into the neural mechanisms subserving neurological function. By using data acquired on non-human primates as a reference, important progress in...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2025.1500636/full |
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| author | Matteo Gambaretti Matteo Gambaretti Luca Viganò Luca Viganò Matteo Gallo Giovanni Pratelli Tommaso Sciortino Lorenzo Gay Marco Conti Nibali Alberto Luigi Gallotti Alberto Luigi Gallotti Leonardo Tariciotti Luca Mattioli Lorenzo Bello Lorenzo Bello Gabriella Cerri Gabriella Cerri Marco Rossi Marco Rossi Marco Rossi |
| author_facet | Matteo Gambaretti Matteo Gambaretti Luca Viganò Luca Viganò Matteo Gallo Giovanni Pratelli Tommaso Sciortino Lorenzo Gay Marco Conti Nibali Alberto Luigi Gallotti Alberto Luigi Gallotti Leonardo Tariciotti Luca Mattioli Lorenzo Bello Lorenzo Bello Gabriella Cerri Gabriella Cerri Marco Rossi Marco Rossi Marco Rossi |
| author_sort | Matteo Gambaretti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Since the pivotal studies of neurophysiologists in the early 20th century, research on brain functions in non-human primates has provided valuable insights into the neural mechanisms subserving neurological function. By using data acquired on non-human primates as a reference, important progress in knowledge of the human brain and its functions has been achieved. The translational impact allowed by this scientific effort must be recognized in the implementation of the current surgical techniques particularly in support of the neurosurgical approach to brain tumors. In the surgical treatment of brain tumors, the ability to maximally extend the resection allows an improvement in overall survival, progression-free survival, and quality of life of patients. The main goal, and, at the same time, the main challenge, of oncological neurological surgery is to avoid permanent neurological deficit while reaching maximal resection, particularly when the tumor infiltrates the neural network subserving motor functions. Brain mapping techniques were developed using neurophysiological probes to identify the areas and tracts subserving sensorimotor function, ensuring their preservation during the resection. During the last 20 years, starting from the classical “Penfield” technique, brain mapping has been progressively implemented. Among the major advancements was the introduction of high-frequency direct electrical stimulation. Its refinement, along with the complementary use of low-frequency stimulation, allowed a further refinement of stimulation protocols. In this narrative review, we propose an analysis of the process through which the knowledge acquired through experiments on non-human primates influenced and changed the current approach to neurosurgical procedures. We then describe the main brain mapping techniques used in the resection of tumors located within sensorimotor circuits. We also detail how these techniques allowed the acquisition of new data on the properties of areas and tracts underlying sensorimotor control, in turn fostering the design of new tools to navigate within cortical and subcortical areas, that were before deemed to be “sacred and untouchable.” |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0d904e6b6b05459e95c668c5c8d0a628 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1662-5145 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj-art-0d904e6b6b05459e95c668c5c8d0a6282025-02-10T06:48:50ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience1662-51452025-02-011910.3389/fnint.2025.15006361500636From non-human to human primates: a translational approach to enhancing resection, safety, and indications in glioma surgery while preserving sensorimotor abilitiesMatteo Gambaretti0Matteo Gambaretti1Luca Viganò2Luca Viganò3Matteo Gallo4Giovanni Pratelli5Tommaso Sciortino6Lorenzo Gay7Marco Conti Nibali8Alberto Luigi Gallotti9Alberto Luigi Gallotti10Leonardo Tariciotti11Luca Mattioli12Lorenzo Bello13Lorenzo Bello14Gabriella Cerri15Gabriella Cerri16Marco Rossi17Marco Rossi18Marco Rossi19Neurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyMoCA Laboratory, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyMoCA Laboratory, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyIRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyMoCA Laboratory, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyMoCA Laboratory, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyIRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi-Sant’Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyNeurosurgical Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi Sant'Ambrogio, Milan, ItalyMoCA Laboratory, Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalyDepartment of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, ItalySince the pivotal studies of neurophysiologists in the early 20th century, research on brain functions in non-human primates has provided valuable insights into the neural mechanisms subserving neurological function. By using data acquired on non-human primates as a reference, important progress in knowledge of the human brain and its functions has been achieved. The translational impact allowed by this scientific effort must be recognized in the implementation of the current surgical techniques particularly in support of the neurosurgical approach to brain tumors. In the surgical treatment of brain tumors, the ability to maximally extend the resection allows an improvement in overall survival, progression-free survival, and quality of life of patients. The main goal, and, at the same time, the main challenge, of oncological neurological surgery is to avoid permanent neurological deficit while reaching maximal resection, particularly when the tumor infiltrates the neural network subserving motor functions. Brain mapping techniques were developed using neurophysiological probes to identify the areas and tracts subserving sensorimotor function, ensuring their preservation during the resection. During the last 20 years, starting from the classical “Penfield” technique, brain mapping has been progressively implemented. Among the major advancements was the introduction of high-frequency direct electrical stimulation. Its refinement, along with the complementary use of low-frequency stimulation, allowed a further refinement of stimulation protocols. In this narrative review, we propose an analysis of the process through which the knowledge acquired through experiments on non-human primates influenced and changed the current approach to neurosurgical procedures. We then describe the main brain mapping techniques used in the resection of tumors located within sensorimotor circuits. We also detail how these techniques allowed the acquisition of new data on the properties of areas and tracts underlying sensorimotor control, in turn fostering the design of new tools to navigate within cortical and subcortical areas, that were before deemed to be “sacred and untouchable.”https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2025.1500636/fullbrain mappingawake surgerymotor pathwaysbrain tumormotor cognitionnon-human primates |
| spellingShingle | Matteo Gambaretti Matteo Gambaretti Luca Viganò Luca Viganò Matteo Gallo Giovanni Pratelli Tommaso Sciortino Lorenzo Gay Marco Conti Nibali Alberto Luigi Gallotti Alberto Luigi Gallotti Leonardo Tariciotti Luca Mattioli Lorenzo Bello Lorenzo Bello Gabriella Cerri Gabriella Cerri Marco Rossi Marco Rossi Marco Rossi From non-human to human primates: a translational approach to enhancing resection, safety, and indications in glioma surgery while preserving sensorimotor abilities Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience brain mapping awake surgery motor pathways brain tumor motor cognition non-human primates |
| title | From non-human to human primates: a translational approach to enhancing resection, safety, and indications in glioma surgery while preserving sensorimotor abilities |
| title_full | From non-human to human primates: a translational approach to enhancing resection, safety, and indications in glioma surgery while preserving sensorimotor abilities |
| title_fullStr | From non-human to human primates: a translational approach to enhancing resection, safety, and indications in glioma surgery while preserving sensorimotor abilities |
| title_full_unstemmed | From non-human to human primates: a translational approach to enhancing resection, safety, and indications in glioma surgery while preserving sensorimotor abilities |
| title_short | From non-human to human primates: a translational approach to enhancing resection, safety, and indications in glioma surgery while preserving sensorimotor abilities |
| title_sort | from non human to human primates a translational approach to enhancing resection safety and indications in glioma surgery while preserving sensorimotor abilities |
| topic | brain mapping awake surgery motor pathways brain tumor motor cognition non-human primates |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnint.2025.1500636/full |
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