Early and Late Complications Associated with Penile Cancer Surgery and the Impact of Human Papillomavirus Status: Findings from a Retrospective Norwegian Cohort Study
Background and objective: Penile cancer (PeCa) and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) are rare diseases, and the burden of complications associated with surgery remains under-reported. The objective was to evaluate the early (≤30 d) and late (>30 d) complications and the impact of human papi...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | European Urology Open Science |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666168325000497 |
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| author | Patrick Juliebø-Jones Ida M. Nordanger Christian Beisland Tor K. Thorkelsen Alfred Honoré Christian A. Moen |
| author_facet | Patrick Juliebø-Jones Ida M. Nordanger Christian Beisland Tor K. Thorkelsen Alfred Honoré Christian A. Moen |
| author_sort | Patrick Juliebø-Jones |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background and objective: Penile cancer (PeCa) and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) are rare diseases, and the burden of complications associated with surgery remains under-reported. The objective was to evaluate the early (≤30 d) and late (>30 d) complications and the impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) status. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of a cohort consisting of 201 consecutive and treatment-naïve patients with PeCa/PeIN undergoing surgery (penile sparing, and partial and total amputation) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2023 at a tertiary centre as part of a centralised regional service. Key findings and limitations: The median follow-up time was 39 (interquartile range 21, 76) mo. The early and late patient complication rates were 45% and 38%, respectively. Of the patients, 18.5% experienced two or more early complications. A majority (80%) of early complications were minor (Clavien-Dindo ≤2). There was a 1% admission rate to the intensive care unit, but no deaths were recorded within 30 d. Body mass index (BMI)was a significant predictor of early complications (p = 0.01). Late complications included chronic wound irritation (10%) and urethral stricture (11%). The latter was highest among those who had undergone partial amputation. One in four patients underwent reoperation due to recurrence during follow-up. HPV status had no association with the rate of either early or late complications. Conclusions and clinical implications: PeCa surgery is associated with a relatively high complication burden, in both the early and the late postoperative period. Lymph node surgery further adds to the morbidity profile. BMI was a significant predictor of having an early complication, while HPV status did not affect the rate of early or late complications. Patient summary: Penile cancer surgery is associated with a high rate of complications in early as well as late postoperative period. However, most of these complications are not severe. Body mass index was a significant predictor of an early complication, but human papillomavirus status was not associated with the risk of complications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0eb303ef49c546d1ab25b9028819c59e |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-1683 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Urology Open Science |
| spelling | doaj-art-0eb303ef49c546d1ab25b9028819c59e2025-02-10T04:34:57ZengElsevierEuropean Urology Open Science2666-16832025-02-01722935Early and Late Complications Associated with Penile Cancer Surgery and the Impact of Human Papillomavirus Status: Findings from a Retrospective Norwegian Cohort StudyPatrick Juliebø-Jones0Ida M. Nordanger1Christian Beisland2Tor K. Thorkelsen3Alfred Honoré4Christian A. Moen5Department of Urology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen Norway; Corresponding author. Department of Urology, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen 5021, Norway. Tel. +47 55975000, Fax: +47 55972793.Department of Urology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen NorwayDepartment of Urology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen NorwayDepartment of Urology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen NorwayDepartment of Urology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen NorwayDepartment of Urology Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway; Department of Clinical Medicine University of Bergen Bergen NorwayBackground and objective: Penile cancer (PeCa) and penile intraepithelial neoplasia (PeIN) are rare diseases, and the burden of complications associated with surgery remains under-reported. The objective was to evaluate the early (≤30 d) and late (>30 d) complications and the impact of human papillomavirus (HPV) status. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of a cohort consisting of 201 consecutive and treatment-naïve patients with PeCa/PeIN undergoing surgery (penile sparing, and partial and total amputation) between January 1, 2000 and December 31, 2023 at a tertiary centre as part of a centralised regional service. Key findings and limitations: The median follow-up time was 39 (interquartile range 21, 76) mo. The early and late patient complication rates were 45% and 38%, respectively. Of the patients, 18.5% experienced two or more early complications. A majority (80%) of early complications were minor (Clavien-Dindo ≤2). There was a 1% admission rate to the intensive care unit, but no deaths were recorded within 30 d. Body mass index (BMI)was a significant predictor of early complications (p = 0.01). Late complications included chronic wound irritation (10%) and urethral stricture (11%). The latter was highest among those who had undergone partial amputation. One in four patients underwent reoperation due to recurrence during follow-up. HPV status had no association with the rate of either early or late complications. Conclusions and clinical implications: PeCa surgery is associated with a relatively high complication burden, in both the early and the late postoperative period. Lymph node surgery further adds to the morbidity profile. BMI was a significant predictor of having an early complication, while HPV status did not affect the rate of early or late complications. Patient summary: Penile cancer surgery is associated with a high rate of complications in early as well as late postoperative period. However, most of these complications are not severe. Body mass index was a significant predictor of an early complication, but human papillomavirus status was not associated with the risk of complications.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666168325000497Penile squamous cell carcinomaPenile intraepithelial neoplasiaComplicationsHuman papillomavirus |
| spellingShingle | Patrick Juliebø-Jones Ida M. Nordanger Christian Beisland Tor K. Thorkelsen Alfred Honoré Christian A. Moen Early and Late Complications Associated with Penile Cancer Surgery and the Impact of Human Papillomavirus Status: Findings from a Retrospective Norwegian Cohort Study European Urology Open Science Penile squamous cell carcinoma Penile intraepithelial neoplasia Complications Human papillomavirus |
| title | Early and Late Complications Associated with Penile Cancer Surgery and the Impact of Human Papillomavirus Status: Findings from a Retrospective Norwegian Cohort Study |
| title_full | Early and Late Complications Associated with Penile Cancer Surgery and the Impact of Human Papillomavirus Status: Findings from a Retrospective Norwegian Cohort Study |
| title_fullStr | Early and Late Complications Associated with Penile Cancer Surgery and the Impact of Human Papillomavirus Status: Findings from a Retrospective Norwegian Cohort Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Early and Late Complications Associated with Penile Cancer Surgery and the Impact of Human Papillomavirus Status: Findings from a Retrospective Norwegian Cohort Study |
| title_short | Early and Late Complications Associated with Penile Cancer Surgery and the Impact of Human Papillomavirus Status: Findings from a Retrospective Norwegian Cohort Study |
| title_sort | early and late complications associated with penile cancer surgery and the impact of human papillomavirus status findings from a retrospective norwegian cohort study |
| topic | Penile squamous cell carcinoma Penile intraepithelial neoplasia Complications Human papillomavirus |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666168325000497 |
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