Levying evidence of the impact of Triphala in the mildly constipated human colon microbiota
Triphala is a wildly used nutritional and phytotherapeutic formulation combining three dry fruits (Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia chebula and Emblica officinalis). Despite its long-standing use to treat gastrointestinal discomfort, there is limited understanding of Triphala's effects on gut m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Functional Foods |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464625000404 |
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| author | Elizabeth Goya-Jorge Pauline Bondue Irma Gonza Samiha Boutaleb Caroline Douny Marie-Louise Scippo Joël Pincemail Patrice Chiap Jeoffrey Christyn de Ribaucourt Fabienne Crahay Véronique Delcenserie |
| author_facet | Elizabeth Goya-Jorge Pauline Bondue Irma Gonza Samiha Boutaleb Caroline Douny Marie-Louise Scippo Joël Pincemail Patrice Chiap Jeoffrey Christyn de Ribaucourt Fabienne Crahay Véronique Delcenserie |
| author_sort | Elizabeth Goya-Jorge |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Triphala is a wildly used nutritional and phytotherapeutic formulation combining three dry fruits (Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia chebula and Emblica officinalis). Despite its long-standing use to treat gastrointestinal discomfort, there is limited understanding of Triphala's effects on gut microbiota, especially among individuals with mild constipation. Thus, this study aimed to investigate Triphala's impact on the constipated human colon microbiota. A short-term (72 h) static configuration of the in vitro Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®) system was used to study the fermentation process of a standardized extract of Triphala in the gut microbiota. Chromatographic and enzymatic methods were used to analyze the microbe-derived metabolic production. Potential herb-human host interactions were assessed using in vitro cell-based methods. Triphala extract increased Akkermansia muciniphila but decreased Bifidobacterium spp. in the simulated colon microbiota. Metabolic profiling of Triphala treatment showed increased phenolic species and antioxidant potential and reduced ammonia, valeric, isovaleric, and isobutyric acids during fermentation, potentially benefiting intestinal health, especially in contexts of constipation. Fermentation metabolites enhanced transepithelial electrical resistance in a human epithelium model and inhibited aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) transcriptional activity. Triphala's polyphenols likely cause this AhR antagonism. Overall, these findings state some potential explanations for the usefulness of Triphala as a natural remedy for gastrointestinal diseases. However, it also raises concerns about some harmful effects of Triphala in the gut microbial ecosystem of people suffering from mild constipation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-0f119d777e9a41ecb9c3ae9055f3b95f |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1756-4646 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Functional Foods |
| spelling | doaj-art-0f119d777e9a41ecb9c3ae9055f3b95f2025-02-09T04:59:59ZengElsevierJournal of Functional Foods1756-46462025-02-01125106698Levying evidence of the impact of Triphala in the mildly constipated human colon microbiotaElizabeth Goya-Jorge0Pauline Bondue1Irma Gonza2Samiha Boutaleb3Caroline Douny4Marie-Louise Scippo5Joël Pincemail6Patrice Chiap7Jeoffrey Christyn de Ribaucourt8Fabienne Crahay9Véronique Delcenserie10Laboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; Intestinal Regenerative Medicine Lab, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, 27607 Raleigh, NC, USALaboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; ORTIS S.A., Hinter der Heck 46, 4750 Elsenborn, BelgiumLaboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, BelgiumLaboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, BelgiumLaboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, BelgiumLaboratory of Food Analysis, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, CHU Liège, 4000 Liège, BelgiumDepartment of Toxicology, CHU Liège, 4000 Liège, BelgiumORTIS S.A., Hinter der Heck 46, 4750 Elsenborn, BelgiumORTIS S.A., Hinter der Heck 46, 4750 Elsenborn, BelgiumLaboratory of Food Quality Management, Department of Food Sciences, FARAH - Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, Belgium; Corresponding author.Triphala is a wildly used nutritional and phytotherapeutic formulation combining three dry fruits (Terminalia bellirica, Terminalia chebula and Emblica officinalis). Despite its long-standing use to treat gastrointestinal discomfort, there is limited understanding of Triphala's effects on gut microbiota, especially among individuals with mild constipation. Thus, this study aimed to investigate Triphala's impact on the constipated human colon microbiota. A short-term (72 h) static configuration of the in vitro Simulator of the Human Intestinal Microbial Ecosystem (SHIME®) system was used to study the fermentation process of a standardized extract of Triphala in the gut microbiota. Chromatographic and enzymatic methods were used to analyze the microbe-derived metabolic production. Potential herb-human host interactions were assessed using in vitro cell-based methods. Triphala extract increased Akkermansia muciniphila but decreased Bifidobacterium spp. in the simulated colon microbiota. Metabolic profiling of Triphala treatment showed increased phenolic species and antioxidant potential and reduced ammonia, valeric, isovaleric, and isobutyric acids during fermentation, potentially benefiting intestinal health, especially in contexts of constipation. Fermentation metabolites enhanced transepithelial electrical resistance in a human epithelium model and inhibited aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) transcriptional activity. Triphala's polyphenols likely cause this AhR antagonism. Overall, these findings state some potential explanations for the usefulness of Triphala as a natural remedy for gastrointestinal diseases. However, it also raises concerns about some harmful effects of Triphala in the gut microbial ecosystem of people suffering from mild constipation.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464625000404AyurvedaConstipationPolyherbal extractPrebioticGut phytotherapyColon microbiome |
| spellingShingle | Elizabeth Goya-Jorge Pauline Bondue Irma Gonza Samiha Boutaleb Caroline Douny Marie-Louise Scippo Joël Pincemail Patrice Chiap Jeoffrey Christyn de Ribaucourt Fabienne Crahay Véronique Delcenserie Levying evidence of the impact of Triphala in the mildly constipated human colon microbiota Journal of Functional Foods Ayurveda Constipation Polyherbal extract Prebiotic Gut phytotherapy Colon microbiome |
| title | Levying evidence of the impact of Triphala in the mildly constipated human colon microbiota |
| title_full | Levying evidence of the impact of Triphala in the mildly constipated human colon microbiota |
| title_fullStr | Levying evidence of the impact of Triphala in the mildly constipated human colon microbiota |
| title_full_unstemmed | Levying evidence of the impact of Triphala in the mildly constipated human colon microbiota |
| title_short | Levying evidence of the impact of Triphala in the mildly constipated human colon microbiota |
| title_sort | levying evidence of the impact of triphala in the mildly constipated human colon microbiota |
| topic | Ayurveda Constipation Polyherbal extract Prebiotic Gut phytotherapy Colon microbiome |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1756464625000404 |
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