Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis
The tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a new class of non coding RNAs, which are stable in body fluids and can be used as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, the exact value of tsRNAs in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is still unclear. The objective of the present study was to...
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Taylor & Francis Group
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
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| Online Access: | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2025.2459132 |
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| author | Zikun Huang Qing Luo Cuifen Xiong Haiyan Zhu Chao Yu Jianqing Xu Yiping Peng Junming Li Aiping Le |
| author_facet | Zikun Huang Qing Luo Cuifen Xiong Haiyan Zhu Chao Yu Jianqing Xu Yiping Peng Junming Li Aiping Le |
| author_sort | Zikun Huang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a new class of non coding RNAs, which are stable in body fluids and can be used as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, the exact value of tsRNAs in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is still unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the serum tsRNAs biosignature to distinguish between active TB, healthy controls, latent TB infection, and other respiratory diseases. The differential expression profiles of tsRNAs in serum from active TB patients and healthy controls were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. A total of 905 subjects were prospectively recruited for our study from three different cohorts. Levels of tsRNA-Gly-CCC-2, tsRNA-Gly-GCC-1, and tsRNA-Lys-CTT-2-M2 were significantly elevated in the serum of TB patients compared to non-TB individuals, showing a correlation with lung injury severity and acid-fast bacilli grades in TB patients. The accuracy of the three-tsRNA biosignature for TB diagnosis was evaluated in the training (n = 289), test (n = 124), and prediction (n = 292) groups. By utilizing cross-validation with a random forest algorithm approach, the training cohort achieved a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%. The test cohort exhibited a sensitivity of 75.8% and a specificity of 91.2%. Within the prediction group, the sensitivity and specificity were 73.1% and 92.5%, respectively. The three-tsRNA biosignature generally decreased within 3 months of treatment and then remained stable. In conclusion, the three-tsRNA biosignature might serve as biomarker to diagnose TB and to monitor the effectiveness of treatment in a high-burden TB clinical setting. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-129809fd163f48ce886cc530ef927d74 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2222-1751 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Microbes and Infections |
| spelling | doaj-art-129809fd163f48ce886cc530ef927d742025-02-06T17:51:53ZengTaylor & Francis GroupEmerging Microbes and Infections2222-17512025-12-0114110.1080/22221751.2025.2459132Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosisZikun Huang0Qing Luo1Cuifen Xiong2Haiyan Zhu3Chao Yu4Jianqing Xu5Yiping Peng6Junming Li7Aiping Le8Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of ChinaCenter for Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Tuberculosis, Jiangxi Chest Hospital, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China.Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of ChinaKey Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Transfusion Medicine, Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of ChinaThe tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a new class of non coding RNAs, which are stable in body fluids and can be used as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, the exact value of tsRNAs in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is still unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the serum tsRNAs biosignature to distinguish between active TB, healthy controls, latent TB infection, and other respiratory diseases. The differential expression profiles of tsRNAs in serum from active TB patients and healthy controls were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing. A total of 905 subjects were prospectively recruited for our study from three different cohorts. Levels of tsRNA-Gly-CCC-2, tsRNA-Gly-GCC-1, and tsRNA-Lys-CTT-2-M2 were significantly elevated in the serum of TB patients compared to non-TB individuals, showing a correlation with lung injury severity and acid-fast bacilli grades in TB patients. The accuracy of the three-tsRNA biosignature for TB diagnosis was evaluated in the training (n = 289), test (n = 124), and prediction (n = 292) groups. By utilizing cross-validation with a random forest algorithm approach, the training cohort achieved a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 100%. The test cohort exhibited a sensitivity of 75.8% and a specificity of 91.2%. Within the prediction group, the sensitivity and specificity were 73.1% and 92.5%, respectively. The three-tsRNA biosignature generally decreased within 3 months of treatment and then remained stable. In conclusion, the three-tsRNA biosignature might serve as biomarker to diagnose TB and to monitor the effectiveness of treatment in a high-burden TB clinical setting.https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2025.2459132Tuberculosisbiomarkerdiagnosistransfer RNA-derived small RNAsbiosignature |
| spellingShingle | Zikun Huang Qing Luo Cuifen Xiong Haiyan Zhu Chao Yu Jianqing Xu Yiping Peng Junming Li Aiping Le Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis Emerging Microbes and Infections Tuberculosis biomarker diagnosis transfer RNA-derived small RNAs biosignature |
| title | Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis |
| title_full | Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis |
| title_fullStr | Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis |
| title_short | Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis |
| title_sort | identification of serum trna derived small rnas biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis |
| topic | Tuberculosis biomarker diagnosis transfer RNA-derived small RNAs biosignature |
| url | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/10.1080/22221751.2025.2459132 |
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