Imaging exoplanets with coronagraphic instruments
Exoplanetary science is a very active field of astronomy nowadays, with questions still opened such as how planetary systems form and evolve (occurrence, process), why such a diversity of exoplanets is observed (mass, radius, orbital parameters, temperature, composition), and what are the interactio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Académie des sciences
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Comptes Rendus. Physique |
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| Online Access: | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.133/ |
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| _version_ | 1825205753120555008 |
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| author | Galicher, Raphaël Mazoyer, Johan |
| author_facet | Galicher, Raphaël Mazoyer, Johan |
| author_sort | Galicher, Raphaël |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Exoplanetary science is a very active field of astronomy nowadays, with questions still opened such as how planetary systems form and evolve (occurrence, process), why such a diversity of exoplanets is observed (mass, radius, orbital parameters, temperature, composition), and what are the interactions between planets, circumstellar disk and their host star. Several complementary methods are used for the detection of exoplanets. Among these, imaging aims at the direct detection of the light reflected, scattered or emitted by exoplanets and circumstellar disks. This allows their spectral and polarimetric characterization. Such imaging remains challenging because of the large luminosity ratio (104-1010) and the small angular separation (fraction of an arcsecond) between the star and its environment. Over the past two decades, numerous techniques, including coronagraphy, have been developed to make exoplanet imaging a reality.This paper gives a broad overview of the subsystems that make up a coronagraphic instrument for imaging exoplanetary systems. It is especially intended for non-specialists or newcomers in the field. We explain the principle of coronagraphy and propose a formalism to understand their behavior. We discuss the impact of wavefront aberrations on the performance of coronagraphs and how they induce stellar speckles in the scientific image. Finally, we present instrumental and signal processing techniques used for on-sky minimization or a posteriori calibration of these speckles in order to improve the performance of coronagraphs. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1a999b8153c44ed18aee7ef4237025d2 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1878-1535 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Académie des sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Comptes Rendus. Physique |
| spelling | doaj-art-1a999b8153c44ed18aee7ef4237025d22025-02-07T13:52:55ZengAcadémie des sciencesComptes Rendus. Physique1878-15352023-03-0124S26911310.5802/crphys.13310.5802/crphys.133Imaging exoplanets with coronagraphic instrumentsGalicher, Raphaël0Mazoyer, Johan1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9133-3091LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, FranceLESIA, Observatoire de Paris, Université PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Cité, CNRS, 5 place Jules Janssen, 92195 Meudon, FranceExoplanetary science is a very active field of astronomy nowadays, with questions still opened such as how planetary systems form and evolve (occurrence, process), why such a diversity of exoplanets is observed (mass, radius, orbital parameters, temperature, composition), and what are the interactions between planets, circumstellar disk and their host star. Several complementary methods are used for the detection of exoplanets. Among these, imaging aims at the direct detection of the light reflected, scattered or emitted by exoplanets and circumstellar disks. This allows their spectral and polarimetric characterization. Such imaging remains challenging because of the large luminosity ratio (104-1010) and the small angular separation (fraction of an arcsecond) between the star and its environment. Over the past two decades, numerous techniques, including coronagraphy, have been developed to make exoplanet imaging a reality.This paper gives a broad overview of the subsystems that make up a coronagraphic instrument for imaging exoplanetary systems. It is especially intended for non-specialists or newcomers in the field. We explain the principle of coronagraphy and propose a formalism to understand their behavior. We discuss the impact of wavefront aberrations on the performance of coronagraphs and how they induce stellar speckles in the scientific image. Finally, we present instrumental and signal processing techniques used for on-sky minimization or a posteriori calibration of these speckles in order to improve the performance of coronagraphs.https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.133/ExoplanetsAstronomical InstrumentationCoronagraphyhigh-contrast imaginghigh-angular resolution |
| spellingShingle | Galicher, Raphaël Mazoyer, Johan Imaging exoplanets with coronagraphic instruments Comptes Rendus. Physique Exoplanets Astronomical Instrumentation Coronagraphy high-contrast imaging high-angular resolution |
| title | Imaging exoplanets with coronagraphic instruments |
| title_full | Imaging exoplanets with coronagraphic instruments |
| title_fullStr | Imaging exoplanets with coronagraphic instruments |
| title_full_unstemmed | Imaging exoplanets with coronagraphic instruments |
| title_short | Imaging exoplanets with coronagraphic instruments |
| title_sort | imaging exoplanets with coronagraphic instruments |
| topic | Exoplanets Astronomical Instrumentation Coronagraphy high-contrast imaging high-angular resolution |
| url | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/physique/articles/10.5802/crphys.133/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT galicherraphael imagingexoplanetswithcoronagraphicinstruments AT mazoyerjohan imagingexoplanetswithcoronagraphicinstruments |