Multicentre case-control study on the association between COVID-19 vaccines and neurological disorders (COVIVAX)
Abstract The COVIVAX study assessed the association between COVID-19 vaccination and the risk of common neurological disorders in a multicenter case-control design. Vaccination exposure was compared between individuals with a first diagnosis of a neurological disorder (cases) and age- and sex-matche...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Elisabetta Pupillo Elisa Bianchi Ettore Beghi Francesco Andrea Pedrazzini Angela Giglio Edoardo Dalmato Schilke Marco Percetti Carlo Morotti Colleoni Gabriele Mainini Paolo Calabresi Guido Primiano Giovanni Frisullo Alessandro Padovani Viviana Cristillo Andrea Pilotto Davide Arici Stefano Gipponi Gioacchino Tedeschi Alessandro d’Ambrosio Rosario Domenico Melisi Antonio Gallo Alvino Bisecco Andrea Salmaggi Paola Basilico Chiara Scaccabarozzi Lorenzo Kiferle Raffaella Valenti Gianluca Avino Annamaria Borghi Sara Contardi Andrea Zini Carlo Ferrarese Simone Beretta |
| author_facet | Elisabetta Pupillo Elisa Bianchi Ettore Beghi Francesco Andrea Pedrazzini Angela Giglio Edoardo Dalmato Schilke Marco Percetti Carlo Morotti Colleoni Gabriele Mainini Paolo Calabresi Guido Primiano Giovanni Frisullo Alessandro Padovani Viviana Cristillo Andrea Pilotto Davide Arici Stefano Gipponi Gioacchino Tedeschi Alessandro d’Ambrosio Rosario Domenico Melisi Antonio Gallo Alvino Bisecco Andrea Salmaggi Paola Basilico Chiara Scaccabarozzi Lorenzo Kiferle Raffaella Valenti Gianluca Avino Annamaria Borghi Sara Contardi Andrea Zini Carlo Ferrarese Simone Beretta |
| author_sort | Elisabetta Pupillo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The COVIVAX study assessed the association between COVID-19 vaccination and the risk of common neurological disorders in a multicenter case-control design. Vaccination exposure was compared between individuals with a first diagnosis of a neurological disorder (cases) and age- and sex-matched controls. A total of 624 participants were enrolled, and after random 1:1 matching 265 cases and 265 matched controls (total 530 participants) were included in the analyses. The most frequent neurological diagnosis in cases were stroke (60.4%), multiple sclerosis (11.3%) and seizures (6.4%). The proportion of vaccinated participants was 72.1% among cases and 79.6% among controls. A protective role of vaccination on the risk of developing a new neurological disorder was detected in the unadjusted analysis (OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.29–0.86; p = 0.0114). After adjustment for confounders, the number of vaccination doses received was associated with a reduced risk of developing new neurological disorders for participants aged over 60 years ( p = 0.0472; OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03–0.68), with pre-existing comorbidities (p = 0.0122; OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.01–0.99) and for stroke (p = 0.0232; OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.02–0.97). The COVIVAX study provided no warning sign regarding an increase in the risk of developing new neurological disorders following COVID-19 vaccination of any type or doses. A potentially protective effect of multiple doses of COVID-19 vaccines against the risk of stroke in people aged over 60 needs to be confirmed by further studies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1e8c9b39ac694ea09b99257af36ae7a3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-1e8c9b39ac694ea09b99257af36ae7a32025-02-09T12:33:54ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-011511910.1038/s41598-025-88837-0Multicentre case-control study on the association between COVID-19 vaccines and neurological disorders (COVIVAX)Elisabetta Pupillo0Elisa Bianchi1Ettore Beghi2Francesco Andrea Pedrazzini3Angela Giglio4Edoardo Dalmato Schilke5Marco Percetti6Carlo Morotti Colleoni7Gabriele Mainini8Paolo Calabresi9Guido Primiano10Giovanni Frisullo11Alessandro Padovani12Viviana Cristillo13Andrea Pilotto14Davide Arici15Stefano Gipponi16Gioacchino Tedeschi17Alessandro d’Ambrosio18Rosario Domenico Melisi19Antonio Gallo20Alvino Bisecco21Andrea Salmaggi22Paola Basilico23Chiara Scaccabarozzi24Lorenzo Kiferle25Raffaella Valenti26Gianluca Avino27Annamaria Borghi28Sara Contardi29Andrea Zini30Carlo Ferrarese31Simone Beretta32Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSDipartimento di Neuroscienze, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSDipartimento di Neuroscienze, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCSDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-BicoccaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-BicoccaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-BicoccaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-BicoccaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-BicoccaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-BicoccaDipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSDipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSDipartimento di Neuroscienze, Organi di Senso e Torace, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCSSpedali civili di BresciaSpedali civili di BresciaSpedali civili di BresciaSpedali civili di BresciaSpedali civili di BresciaDivision of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Division of Neurology, Department of Advanced Medical and Surgical Sciences (DAMSS), University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”Neurosciences Department, ASST LeccoNeurosciences Department, ASST LeccoNeurosciences Department, ASST LeccoSOC Neurologia Ospedale S. Stefano Prato Azienda USL Toscana CentroSOC Neurologia Ospedale S. Stefano Prato Azienda USL Toscana CentroSOC Neurologia Ospedale S. Stefano Prato Azienda USL Toscana CentroDepartment of Neurology and Stroke Center, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Maggiore HospitalDepartment of Neurology and Stroke Center, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Maggiore HospitalDepartment of Neurology and Stroke Center, IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Maggiore HospitalDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-BicoccaDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-BicoccaAbstract The COVIVAX study assessed the association between COVID-19 vaccination and the risk of common neurological disorders in a multicenter case-control design. Vaccination exposure was compared between individuals with a first diagnosis of a neurological disorder (cases) and age- and sex-matched controls. A total of 624 participants were enrolled, and after random 1:1 matching 265 cases and 265 matched controls (total 530 participants) were included in the analyses. The most frequent neurological diagnosis in cases were stroke (60.4%), multiple sclerosis (11.3%) and seizures (6.4%). The proportion of vaccinated participants was 72.1% among cases and 79.6% among controls. A protective role of vaccination on the risk of developing a new neurological disorder was detected in the unadjusted analysis (OR 0.50; 95% CI 0.29–0.86; p = 0.0114). After adjustment for confounders, the number of vaccination doses received was associated with a reduced risk of developing new neurological disorders for participants aged over 60 years ( p = 0.0472; OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.03–0.68), with pre-existing comorbidities (p = 0.0122; OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.01–0.99) and for stroke (p = 0.0232; OR 0.04, 95% CI 0.02–0.97). The COVIVAX study provided no warning sign regarding an increase in the risk of developing new neurological disorders following COVID-19 vaccination of any type or doses. A potentially protective effect of multiple doses of COVID-19 vaccines against the risk of stroke in people aged over 60 needs to be confirmed by further studies.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88837-0COVID-19VaccinesCase-control studyEpidemiologyAttributable riskNeurological disorders |
| spellingShingle | Elisabetta Pupillo Elisa Bianchi Ettore Beghi Francesco Andrea Pedrazzini Angela Giglio Edoardo Dalmato Schilke Marco Percetti Carlo Morotti Colleoni Gabriele Mainini Paolo Calabresi Guido Primiano Giovanni Frisullo Alessandro Padovani Viviana Cristillo Andrea Pilotto Davide Arici Stefano Gipponi Gioacchino Tedeschi Alessandro d’Ambrosio Rosario Domenico Melisi Antonio Gallo Alvino Bisecco Andrea Salmaggi Paola Basilico Chiara Scaccabarozzi Lorenzo Kiferle Raffaella Valenti Gianluca Avino Annamaria Borghi Sara Contardi Andrea Zini Carlo Ferrarese Simone Beretta Multicentre case-control study on the association between COVID-19 vaccines and neurological disorders (COVIVAX) Scientific Reports COVID-19 Vaccines Case-control study Epidemiology Attributable risk Neurological disorders |
| title | Multicentre case-control study on the association between COVID-19 vaccines and neurological disorders (COVIVAX) |
| title_full | Multicentre case-control study on the association between COVID-19 vaccines and neurological disorders (COVIVAX) |
| title_fullStr | Multicentre case-control study on the association between COVID-19 vaccines and neurological disorders (COVIVAX) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multicentre case-control study on the association between COVID-19 vaccines and neurological disorders (COVIVAX) |
| title_short | Multicentre case-control study on the association between COVID-19 vaccines and neurological disorders (COVIVAX) |
| title_sort | multicentre case control study on the association between covid 19 vaccines and neurological disorders covivax |
| topic | COVID-19 Vaccines Case-control study Epidemiology Attributable risk Neurological disorders |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88837-0 |
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