Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)
Abstract The current study had aimed to assess the long-term dietary supplementation with Melaleucae aetheroleum, tea tree essential oil (TTO). The impact on growth performance, biochemical indices, immune function, oxidant/antioxidant activity, gene expression, histopathology, and resistance agains...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04369-1 |
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| author | Mohamed Shaalan Heba H. Mahboub Ahmed Hosny Abdelgawad Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith Elsayed M. Younis Ahmed A. Elnegiry Asmaa W. Basher Walaa El-Houseiny Sherif M. Shawky Sahar H. Orabi Simon J. Davies Yasmina K. Mahmoud |
| author_facet | Mohamed Shaalan Heba H. Mahboub Ahmed Hosny Abdelgawad Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith Elsayed M. Younis Ahmed A. Elnegiry Asmaa W. Basher Walaa El-Houseiny Sherif M. Shawky Sahar H. Orabi Simon J. Davies Yasmina K. Mahmoud |
| author_sort | Mohamed Shaalan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The current study had aimed to assess the long-term dietary supplementation with Melaleucae aetheroleum, tea tree essential oil (TTO). The impact on growth performance, biochemical indices, immune function, oxidant/antioxidant activity, gene expression, histopathology, and resistance against Aeromonas sobria in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was investigated. Four groups (with five replicates; G1 (control group, G2, G3, and G4) of Nile tilapia received diets enriched with TTO (doses of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mL/kg diet) for 60 days, then fish were challenged by A. sobria. Outcomes indicated an extensive elevation in growth metrics (final body weight, weight gain, SGR, feed intake and fish body protein). Similarly, the total blood protein, albumin, total globulin levels, Serum complement-3 levels, lysozyme activity, immunoglobulin M (IgM), nitric oxide, and phagocytic activity were significantly enhanced in all treatments, notably in the 2.0 mL TTO/kg fed groups compared to the control. Lower levels of urea, creatinine, AST, ALP, ALT, cortisol, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and body crude lipids were observed in the fish that were fed a 2.0 mL TTO/kg diet. Supplementing TTO at 2.0-mL /kg diet revealed the best results for elevating CAT, SOD, and GSH activities plus declining MDA value in hepatic homogenate. Additionally, dietary 2.0-mL TTO/kg showed the best outcomes for the intestinal morphometry plus maintaining the histological picture in spleen and liver. Concurrently, fish that were fed a 2.0 mL TTO/kg diet exhibited a substantial upregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, TFG-β, IFN-γ and BCL-2 genes in the liver, while, caspase-3, and BAX were downregulated. Furthermore, TTO-enriched diets enhanced the relative percentage survival post-A. sobria challenge plus enhanced the clinical picture in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, the findings revealed that long-term exposure to dietary TTO fortified the physiological performance, oxidant/anti-oxidant stability, immune function, gene expression, histological picture, and resistance of Nile tilapia against A. sobria. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-1f7cc67f4d2d4d0291c973bb8aacd1ef |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1746-6148 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-1f7cc67f4d2d4d0291c973bb8aacd1ef2025-02-09T12:41:50ZengBMCBMC Veterinary Research1746-61482025-01-0121111510.1186/s12917-024-04369-1Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)Mohamed Shaalan0Heba H. Mahboub1Ahmed Hosny Abdelgawad2Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith3Elsayed M. Younis4Ahmed A. Elnegiry5Asmaa W. Basher6Walaa El-Houseiny7Sherif M. Shawky8Sahar H. Orabi9Simon J. Davies10Yasmina K. Mahmoud11Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo UniversityDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig UniversityDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan UniversityDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud UniversityDepartment of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan UniversityDepartment of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley UniversityDepartment of Aquatic Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig UniversityDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat CityDepartment of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sadat CityAquaculture Nutrition Research Unit ANRU, Ryan Institute, College of Science and Engineering, Carna Research Station, University of GalwayDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal UniversityAbstract The current study had aimed to assess the long-term dietary supplementation with Melaleucae aetheroleum, tea tree essential oil (TTO). The impact on growth performance, biochemical indices, immune function, oxidant/antioxidant activity, gene expression, histopathology, and resistance against Aeromonas sobria in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) was investigated. Four groups (with five replicates; G1 (control group, G2, G3, and G4) of Nile tilapia received diets enriched with TTO (doses of 0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mL/kg diet) for 60 days, then fish were challenged by A. sobria. Outcomes indicated an extensive elevation in growth metrics (final body weight, weight gain, SGR, feed intake and fish body protein). Similarly, the total blood protein, albumin, total globulin levels, Serum complement-3 levels, lysozyme activity, immunoglobulin M (IgM), nitric oxide, and phagocytic activity were significantly enhanced in all treatments, notably in the 2.0 mL TTO/kg fed groups compared to the control. Lower levels of urea, creatinine, AST, ALP, ALT, cortisol, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol and body crude lipids were observed in the fish that were fed a 2.0 mL TTO/kg diet. Supplementing TTO at 2.0-mL /kg diet revealed the best results for elevating CAT, SOD, and GSH activities plus declining MDA value in hepatic homogenate. Additionally, dietary 2.0-mL TTO/kg showed the best outcomes for the intestinal morphometry plus maintaining the histological picture in spleen and liver. Concurrently, fish that were fed a 2.0 mL TTO/kg diet exhibited a substantial upregulation of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-10, TFG-β, IFN-γ and BCL-2 genes in the liver, while, caspase-3, and BAX were downregulated. Furthermore, TTO-enriched diets enhanced the relative percentage survival post-A. sobria challenge plus enhanced the clinical picture in a dose-dependent manner. Taken together, the findings revealed that long-term exposure to dietary TTO fortified the physiological performance, oxidant/anti-oxidant stability, immune function, gene expression, histological picture, and resistance of Nile tilapia against A. sobria.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04369-1Growth traitHisto-biochemical indicesAeromonas sobriaNile tilapiaMelaleucae Aetheroleum oil |
| spellingShingle | Mohamed Shaalan Heba H. Mahboub Ahmed Hosny Abdelgawad Abdelwahab A. Abdelwarith Elsayed M. Younis Ahmed A. Elnegiry Asmaa W. Basher Walaa El-Houseiny Sherif M. Shawky Sahar H. Orabi Simon J. Davies Yasmina K. Mahmoud Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) BMC Veterinary Research Growth trait Histo-biochemical indices Aeromonas sobria Nile tilapia Melaleucae Aetheroleum oil |
| title | Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
| title_full | Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
| title_fullStr | Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
| title_short | Dietary tea tree (Melaleucae Aetheroleum) oil fortifies growth, biochemical, immune-antioxidant trait, gene function, tissue reaction, and Aeromonas sobria resistance in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) |
| title_sort | dietary tea tree melaleucae aetheroleum oil fortifies growth biochemical immune antioxidant trait gene function tissue reaction and aeromonas sobria resistance in nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus |
| topic | Growth trait Histo-biochemical indices Aeromonas sobria Nile tilapia Melaleucae Aetheroleum oil |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-024-04369-1 |
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