Side Effects and Patient Tolerance with the Use of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction in Adolescents: A Pilot Study
# Background Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) has gained popularity in rehabilitation due to its benefits in reducing muscle atrophy and mitigating strength deficits following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). While the effectiveness and safety of BFRT has been well studied i...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North American Sports Medicine Institute
2022-04-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.32479 |
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| author | Jennifer Prue Dylan P Roman Nicholas G Giampetruzzi Arthur Fredericks Adel Lolic Allison Crepeau J. Lee Pace Adam P Weaver |
| author_facet | Jennifer Prue Dylan P Roman Nicholas G Giampetruzzi Arthur Fredericks Adel Lolic Allison Crepeau J. Lee Pace Adam P Weaver |
| author_sort | Jennifer Prue |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | # Background
Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) has gained popularity in rehabilitation due to its benefits in reducing muscle atrophy and mitigating strength deficits following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). While the effectiveness and safety of BFRT has been well studied in healthy adult subjects, there is limited information about the use of BFRT in the adolescent population, specifically related to patient tolerance and reported side effects post ACLR.
# Purpose
To investigate and record reported side effects and patient tolerance to BFRT during ACLR rehabilitation in adolescents.
# Study Design
Prospective Cohort Study
# Methods
Patients between 12 and 18 years of age who underwent ACLR at Connecticut Children’s were included. Patients utilized an automatic personalized tourniquet system and followed a standardized BFRT exercise protocol over 12 weeks starting 8.72 ± 3.32 days post-op. Upon completion of exercise while using BFRT, patients reported side effects and any adverse events were logged. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the reported side effects and adverse events associated with BFRT and calculate the frequencies of those events over a 12-week period.
# Results
Five hundred and thirty-five total BFRT sessions were completed between 29 patients (15.39 ± 1.61 years of age). There were zero reports of subcutaneous hemorrhage (SubQ hemorrhage) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Reported minor side effects to BFRT included itchiness of the occluded limb (7.85%), lower extremity paresthesia (2.81%), and dizziness (0.75%). A total of 10.47% of BFR treatment sessions were unable to be completed due to tolerance, and 3.5% of sessions required a reduction in limb occlusion pressure (LOP).
# Conclusion
These preliminary data suggest that BFRT is safe with only minor side effects noted in the adolescent population after ACLR. Further investigations are warranted to continue to evaluate patient tolerance and safety with BFRT, because while these preliminary results suggest a positive safety profile and good tolerance in the adolescent population after ACLR, they represent the experiences of only a small sample.
# Level of Evidence
Level 3 |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-2e52c817f3244d9d87aa520223a50e99 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2159-2896 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | North American Sports Medicine Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-2e52c817f3244d9d87aa520223a50e992025-02-11T20:27:32ZengNorth American Sports Medicine InstituteInternational Journal of Sports Physical Therapy2159-28962022-04-01173Side Effects and Patient Tolerance with the Use of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction in Adolescents: A Pilot StudyJennifer PrueDylan P RomanNicholas G GiampetruzziArthur FredericksAdel LolicAllison CrepeauJ. Lee PaceAdam P Weaver# Background Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) has gained popularity in rehabilitation due to its benefits in reducing muscle atrophy and mitigating strength deficits following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). While the effectiveness and safety of BFRT has been well studied in healthy adult subjects, there is limited information about the use of BFRT in the adolescent population, specifically related to patient tolerance and reported side effects post ACLR. # Purpose To investigate and record reported side effects and patient tolerance to BFRT during ACLR rehabilitation in adolescents. # Study Design Prospective Cohort Study # Methods Patients between 12 and 18 years of age who underwent ACLR at Connecticut Children’s were included. Patients utilized an automatic personalized tourniquet system and followed a standardized BFRT exercise protocol over 12 weeks starting 8.72 ± 3.32 days post-op. Upon completion of exercise while using BFRT, patients reported side effects and any adverse events were logged. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the reported side effects and adverse events associated with BFRT and calculate the frequencies of those events over a 12-week period. # Results Five hundred and thirty-five total BFRT sessions were completed between 29 patients (15.39 ± 1.61 years of age). There were zero reports of subcutaneous hemorrhage (SubQ hemorrhage) and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Reported minor side effects to BFRT included itchiness of the occluded limb (7.85%), lower extremity paresthesia (2.81%), and dizziness (0.75%). A total of 10.47% of BFR treatment sessions were unable to be completed due to tolerance, and 3.5% of sessions required a reduction in limb occlusion pressure (LOP). # Conclusion These preliminary data suggest that BFRT is safe with only minor side effects noted in the adolescent population after ACLR. Further investigations are warranted to continue to evaluate patient tolerance and safety with BFRT, because while these preliminary results suggest a positive safety profile and good tolerance in the adolescent population after ACLR, they represent the experiences of only a small sample. # Level of Evidence Level 3https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.32479 |
| spellingShingle | Jennifer Prue Dylan P Roman Nicholas G Giampetruzzi Arthur Fredericks Adel Lolic Allison Crepeau J. Lee Pace Adam P Weaver Side Effects and Patient Tolerance with the Use of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction in Adolescents: A Pilot Study International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| title | Side Effects and Patient Tolerance with the Use of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction in Adolescents: A Pilot Study |
| title_full | Side Effects and Patient Tolerance with the Use of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction in Adolescents: A Pilot Study |
| title_fullStr | Side Effects and Patient Tolerance with the Use of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction in Adolescents: A Pilot Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Side Effects and Patient Tolerance with the Use of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction in Adolescents: A Pilot Study |
| title_short | Side Effects and Patient Tolerance with the Use of Blood Flow Restriction Training after ACL Reconstruction in Adolescents: A Pilot Study |
| title_sort | side effects and patient tolerance with the use of blood flow restriction training after acl reconstruction in adolescents a pilot study |
| url | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.32479 |
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