The Maddaloni/X-6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the Late Pleistocene at Campi Flegrei
Abstract The Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) is among the most productive volcanoes of the Mediterranean area. However, the volcanic history preceding the VEI 7 Campanian Ignimbrite eruption (~40 ka) is still poorly constrained. Here, we use a tephra dispersal model to reconstruct the eruption source...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-01-01
|
| Series: | Communications Earth & Environment |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-01998-8 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1823861545850896384 |
|---|---|
| author | Giada Fernandez Antonio Costa Biagio Giaccio Jacopo Natale Danilo M. Palladino Gianluca Sottili |
| author_facet | Giada Fernandez Antonio Costa Biagio Giaccio Jacopo Natale Danilo M. Palladino Gianluca Sottili |
| author_sort | Giada Fernandez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) is among the most productive volcanoes of the Mediterranean area. However, the volcanic history preceding the VEI 7 Campanian Ignimbrite eruption (~40 ka) is still poorly constrained. Here, we use a tephra dispersal model to reconstruct the eruption source parameters of the Maddaloni/X-6 eruption (~109 ka), one of the most widespread Late Pleistocene Mediterranean marker tephra from Campi Flegrei. Our results suggest that the eruption was characterized by an early Plinian phase involving ~6 cubic kilometers (within the range of 3–21 cubic kilometers) of magma, followed by a co-ignimbrite phase erupting ~148 cubic kilometers (range of 60–300 cubic kilometers). This ranks the Maddaloni/X-6 as a high-magnitude (M7.6) eruption, resulting at least as the second largest known event from Campi Flegrei. This study provides insights into the capability of the Campi Flegrei magmatic system to repeatedly generate large explosive eruptions, which has broad implications for hazard assessment in the central Mediterranean area. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-38e0aeb5298941758bff28c5cd6c70a1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2662-4435 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Communications Earth & Environment |
| spelling | doaj-art-38e0aeb5298941758bff28c5cd6c70a12025-02-09T12:55:53ZengNature PortfolioCommunications Earth & Environment2662-44352025-01-01611910.1038/s43247-025-01998-8The Maddaloni/X-6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the Late Pleistocene at Campi FlegreiGiada Fernandez0Antonio Costa1Biagio Giaccio2Jacopo Natale3Danilo M. Palladino4Gianluca Sottili5Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, “Sapienza” University of RomeIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di BolognaIstituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria, CNRDipartimento di Scienze della Terra e Geoambientali, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo MoroDipartimento di Scienze della Terra, “Sapienza” University of RomeDipartimento di Scienze della Terra, “Sapienza” University of RomeAbstract The Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) is among the most productive volcanoes of the Mediterranean area. However, the volcanic history preceding the VEI 7 Campanian Ignimbrite eruption (~40 ka) is still poorly constrained. Here, we use a tephra dispersal model to reconstruct the eruption source parameters of the Maddaloni/X-6 eruption (~109 ka), one of the most widespread Late Pleistocene Mediterranean marker tephra from Campi Flegrei. Our results suggest that the eruption was characterized by an early Plinian phase involving ~6 cubic kilometers (within the range of 3–21 cubic kilometers) of magma, followed by a co-ignimbrite phase erupting ~148 cubic kilometers (range of 60–300 cubic kilometers). This ranks the Maddaloni/X-6 as a high-magnitude (M7.6) eruption, resulting at least as the second largest known event from Campi Flegrei. This study provides insights into the capability of the Campi Flegrei magmatic system to repeatedly generate large explosive eruptions, which has broad implications for hazard assessment in the central Mediterranean area.https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-01998-8 |
| spellingShingle | Giada Fernandez Antonio Costa Biagio Giaccio Jacopo Natale Danilo M. Palladino Gianluca Sottili The Maddaloni/X-6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the Late Pleistocene at Campi Flegrei Communications Earth & Environment |
| title | The Maddaloni/X-6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the Late Pleistocene at Campi Flegrei |
| title_full | The Maddaloni/X-6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the Late Pleistocene at Campi Flegrei |
| title_fullStr | The Maddaloni/X-6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the Late Pleistocene at Campi Flegrei |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Maddaloni/X-6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the Late Pleistocene at Campi Flegrei |
| title_short | The Maddaloni/X-6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the Late Pleistocene at Campi Flegrei |
| title_sort | maddaloni x 6 eruption stands out as one of the major events during the late pleistocene at campi flegrei |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-025-01998-8 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT giadafernandez themaddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT antoniocosta themaddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT biagiogiaccio themaddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT jacoponatale themaddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT danilompalladino themaddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT gianlucasottili themaddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT giadafernandez maddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT antoniocosta maddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT biagiogiaccio maddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT jacoponatale maddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT danilompalladino maddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei AT gianlucasottili maddalonix6eruptionstandsoutasoneofthemajoreventsduringthelatepleistoceneatcampiflegrei |