Évolution des systèmes de reproduction chez les plantes face aux changements globaux
Beyond species extinction, it is likely that global change modifies selection regimes in natural populations. Whereas the classical Darwinian paradigm considers evolution as a slow process, it is now accepted that populations can evolve rapidly, in a few dozen generations. Plant-pollinator relations...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Académie des sciences
2024-09-01
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| Series: | Comptes Rendus Biologies |
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| Online Access: | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/biologies/articles/10.5802/crbiol.160/ |
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| _version_ | 1825206295060283392 |
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| author | Cheptou, Pierre-Olivier |
| author_facet | Cheptou, Pierre-Olivier |
| author_sort | Cheptou, Pierre-Olivier |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Beyond species extinction, it is likely that global change modifies selection regimes in natural populations. Whereas the classical Darwinian paradigm considers evolution as a slow process, it is now accepted that populations can evolve rapidly, in a few dozen generations. Plant-pollinator relationship is a central relationship in terrestrial ecosystems and the current pollinator decline can potentially disrupt this relationship. In this paper, we explore the possibility that reproductive systems in plants evolve in the face of pollinator decline. Using the case of a recent resurrection ecology study in Viola arvensis, the field pansy, we show that the evolution of a self-fertilization syndrome, and thus the breakdown of the plant-pollinator interaction, is in progress. Beyond the species itself, the evolution of reproductive regimes in plants involves relationships between species (pollinators and higher trophic levels). Thus, this example illustrates that global change is likely to affect biodiversity at different scales: from populations (Darwinian evolution) to ecosystem functions (relationships between species). This study shows that evolutionary processes modify the functioning of ecological systems and, where applicable, the related ecosystem services. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-3b9527f86ad54ba2b0121cd83b6e5b29 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1768-3238 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-09-01 |
| publisher | Académie des sciences |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Comptes Rendus Biologies |
| spelling | doaj-art-3b9527f86ad54ba2b0121cd83b6e5b292025-02-07T10:37:47ZengAcadémie des sciencesComptes Rendus Biologies1768-32382024-09-01347G19510710.5802/crbiol.16010.5802/crbiol.160Évolution des systèmes de reproduction chez les plantes face aux changements globauxCheptou, Pierre-Olivier0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5739-5176CEFE UMR 5175, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Université Paul-Valery, Montpellier, EPHE - 1919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier cedex 05, FranceBeyond species extinction, it is likely that global change modifies selection regimes in natural populations. Whereas the classical Darwinian paradigm considers evolution as a slow process, it is now accepted that populations can evolve rapidly, in a few dozen generations. Plant-pollinator relationship is a central relationship in terrestrial ecosystems and the current pollinator decline can potentially disrupt this relationship. In this paper, we explore the possibility that reproductive systems in plants evolve in the face of pollinator decline. Using the case of a recent resurrection ecology study in Viola arvensis, the field pansy, we show that the evolution of a self-fertilization syndrome, and thus the breakdown of the plant-pollinator interaction, is in progress. Beyond the species itself, the evolution of reproductive regimes in plants involves relationships between species (pollinators and higher trophic levels). Thus, this example illustrates that global change is likely to affect biodiversity at different scales: from populations (Darwinian evolution) to ecosystem functions (relationships between species). This study shows that evolutionary processes modify the functioning of ecological systems and, where applicable, the related ecosystem services.https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/biologies/articles/10.5802/crbiol.160/Évolution rapideDéclin des pollinisateursSyndrome d’autofécondation |
| spellingShingle | Cheptou, Pierre-Olivier Évolution des systèmes de reproduction chez les plantes face aux changements globaux Comptes Rendus Biologies Évolution rapide Déclin des pollinisateurs Syndrome d’autofécondation |
| title | Évolution des systèmes de reproduction chez les plantes face aux changements globaux |
| title_full | Évolution des systèmes de reproduction chez les plantes face aux changements globaux |
| title_fullStr | Évolution des systèmes de reproduction chez les plantes face aux changements globaux |
| title_full_unstemmed | Évolution des systèmes de reproduction chez les plantes face aux changements globaux |
| title_short | Évolution des systèmes de reproduction chez les plantes face aux changements globaux |
| title_sort | evolution des systemes de reproduction chez les plantes face aux changements globaux |
| topic | Évolution rapide Déclin des pollinisateurs Syndrome d’autofécondation |
| url | https://comptes-rendus.academie-sciences.fr/biologies/articles/10.5802/crbiol.160/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT cheptoupierreolivier evolutiondessystemesdereproductionchezlesplantesfaceauxchangementsglobaux |