Global birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background There is a lack of systematic review on the global prevalence of major congenital anomalies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies on global birth prevalence of eight major congenital anomalies (esophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic...
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2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21642-6 |
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| author | Xiaolong Xie Jiao Pei Li Zhang Yang Wu |
| author_facet | Xiaolong Xie Jiao Pei Li Zhang Yang Wu |
| author_sort | Xiaolong Xie |
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| description | Abstract Background There is a lack of systematic review on the global prevalence of major congenital anomalies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies on global birth prevalence of eight major congenital anomalies (esophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, duodenal atresia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, omphalocele, Hirschsprung’s disease and anorectal malformation). Methods Population-based studies reporting the birth prevalence of these anomalies were included from 1969 to 2024. Data from eligible studies were pooled in meta-analysis to get global estimates of birth prevalence and prevalence in subgroups of geographic regions, countries with varying income levels and time periods. Results One hundred and twenty-three studies including a total of 256,507 cases of congenital anomalies and 769,455,220 births were included in this study. Overall birth prevalence of theses eight anomalies ranged from 0.86 to 3.11 cases per 10,000 births. Anorectal malformation had the highest birth prevalence among these anomalies with 3.11 cases (95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.77–3.50) per 10,000 births. Birth prevalence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia had a great decrease from 4.19 per 10,000 births in the 1960s to 1.30 per 10,000 births in the 2020s. Omphalocele had high prevalence in Africa and low-income countries. Conclusion This systematic review summarizes birth prevalence of eight major congenital anomalies. The burdens of these anomalies had variations in the world. Information of this study could help with better understanding of epidemiology and etiology of these anomalies. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-4a7c21f92a5b4cb19a64d84797390249 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-4a7c21f92a5b4cb19a64d847973902492025-02-09T12:58:18ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-02-012511810.1186/s12889-025-21642-6Global birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysisXiaolong Xie0Jiao Pei1Li Zhang2Yang Wu3Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityDepartmentof Clinical Research, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaDepartment of Neonatology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan UniversityDepartment of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityAbstract Background There is a lack of systematic review on the global prevalence of major congenital anomalies. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies on global birth prevalence of eight major congenital anomalies (esophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, duodenal atresia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, omphalocele, Hirschsprung’s disease and anorectal malformation). Methods Population-based studies reporting the birth prevalence of these anomalies were included from 1969 to 2024. Data from eligible studies were pooled in meta-analysis to get global estimates of birth prevalence and prevalence in subgroups of geographic regions, countries with varying income levels and time periods. Results One hundred and twenty-three studies including a total of 256,507 cases of congenital anomalies and 769,455,220 births were included in this study. Overall birth prevalence of theses eight anomalies ranged from 0.86 to 3.11 cases per 10,000 births. Anorectal malformation had the highest birth prevalence among these anomalies with 3.11 cases (95% confidence intervals (CI): 2.77–3.50) per 10,000 births. Birth prevalence of congenital diaphragmatic hernia had a great decrease from 4.19 per 10,000 births in the 1960s to 1.30 per 10,000 births in the 2020s. Omphalocele had high prevalence in Africa and low-income countries. Conclusion This systematic review summarizes birth prevalence of eight major congenital anomalies. The burdens of these anomalies had variations in the world. Information of this study could help with better understanding of epidemiology and etiology of these anomalies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21642-6Global birth prevalenceCongenital anomaliesSystematic reviewMeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Xiaolong Xie Jiao Pei Li Zhang Yang Wu Global birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Public Health Global birth prevalence Congenital anomalies Systematic review Meta-analysis |
| title | Global birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Global birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Global birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Global birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | global birth prevalence of major congenital anomalies a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Global birth prevalence Congenital anomalies Systematic review Meta-analysis |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21642-6 |
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