Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish
The concurrent presence of algal blooms and microplastics pollution in natural water bodies poses a novel threat. However, the joint effects of microcystin-LR (MCLR) in combination with polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) on the thyroid endocrine system of adult fish remains unclear. In our study, mal...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325001915 |
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| author | Wang Lin Ling Liao Ling Ling Huimin Luo Ying Jiang Xinru Li Yilong Yao Pinhong Yang |
| author_facet | Wang Lin Ling Liao Ling Ling Huimin Luo Ying Jiang Xinru Li Yilong Yao Pinhong Yang |
| author_sort | Wang Lin |
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| description | The concurrent presence of algal blooms and microplastics pollution in natural water bodies poses a novel threat. However, the joint effects of microcystin-LR (MCLR) in combination with polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) on the thyroid endocrine system of adult fish remains unclear. In our study, male zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of MCLR alone (0, 0.8, 4, 20 μg/L) and a mix of MCLR and PSMPs (100 μg/L) for 60 days. Alterations in brain histology, thyroid hormone (TH) levels, and the transcription levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT)-axis genes were used to assess the thyroid function. In the MCLR-only treatment groups, we observed mild brain tissue damage characterized by glial scarring and hyperemia. The presence of PSMPs exacerbated the brain damage cause by MCLR, resulting in more pronounced ventriculomegaly and hyperemia. No significant changes in whole-body thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels were observed in the MCLR-only groups, while a significant decrease was noted in the groups co-exposed to MCLR and PSMPs. Additionally, significant alterations in crh, tshβ, ttr, trα, and trβ expression levels in the combined exposure groups provided further confirmation that MCLR and PSMPs jointly cause thyroid endocrine disruption. Our findings suggest that the fish can trigger a compensatory mechanism to maintain thyroid hormone homeostasis in response to environmentally relevant concentrations of MCLR. However, the presence of PSMPs disrupts this self-regulatory equilibrium, thereby exacerbates the thyroid endocrine disruption cause by MCLR in zebrafish. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5ab52d389ee046c09f7755aa07972bc7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
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| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj-art-5ab52d389ee046c09f7755aa07972bc72025-02-07T04:46:37ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132025-02-01291117855Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafishWang Lin0Ling Liao1Ling Ling2Huimin Luo3Ying Jiang4Xinru Li5Yilong Yao6Pinhong Yang7College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China; Institute for Ecological Research and Pollution Control of Plateau Lakes, School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650500, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Health Aquaculture and Product Processing in Dongting Lake Area, Changde 415000, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, ChinaSchool of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410125, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, ChinaCollege of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde 415000, China; College of Agricultural and Forestry Science and Technology, Hunan Applied Technology University, Changde 415000, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Health Aquaculture and Product Processing in Dongting Lake Area, Changde 415000, China; Correspondence to: Hunan University of Arts and Science, No.3150 Dongting Avenue, Changde 415000, China.The concurrent presence of algal blooms and microplastics pollution in natural water bodies poses a novel threat. However, the joint effects of microcystin-LR (MCLR) in combination with polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) on the thyroid endocrine system of adult fish remains unclear. In our study, male zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to environmentally relevant concentrations of MCLR alone (0, 0.8, 4, 20 μg/L) and a mix of MCLR and PSMPs (100 μg/L) for 60 days. Alterations in brain histology, thyroid hormone (TH) levels, and the transcription levels of hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT)-axis genes were used to assess the thyroid function. In the MCLR-only treatment groups, we observed mild brain tissue damage characterized by glial scarring and hyperemia. The presence of PSMPs exacerbated the brain damage cause by MCLR, resulting in more pronounced ventriculomegaly and hyperemia. No significant changes in whole-body thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) levels were observed in the MCLR-only groups, while a significant decrease was noted in the groups co-exposed to MCLR and PSMPs. Additionally, significant alterations in crh, tshβ, ttr, trα, and trβ expression levels in the combined exposure groups provided further confirmation that MCLR and PSMPs jointly cause thyroid endocrine disruption. Our findings suggest that the fish can trigger a compensatory mechanism to maintain thyroid hormone homeostasis in response to environmentally relevant concentrations of MCLR. However, the presence of PSMPs disrupts this self-regulatory equilibrium, thereby exacerbates the thyroid endocrine disruption cause by MCLR in zebrafish.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325001915Microcystin-LRMicroplasticsThyroid hormone homeostasisHPT-axisCompensatory mechanism |
| spellingShingle | Wang Lin Ling Liao Ling Ling Huimin Luo Ying Jiang Xinru Li Yilong Yao Pinhong Yang Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Microcystin-LR Microplastics Thyroid hormone homeostasis HPT-axis Compensatory mechanism |
| title | Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish |
| title_full | Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish |
| title_fullStr | Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish |
| title_full_unstemmed | Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish |
| title_short | Combined effects of co-exposure to microcystin-LR and polystyrene microplastics on growth, brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish |
| title_sort | combined effects of co exposure to microcystin lr and polystyrene microplastics on growth brain pathology and thyroid hormone homeostasis in adult zebrafish |
| topic | Microcystin-LR Microplastics Thyroid hormone homeostasis HPT-axis Compensatory mechanism |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651325001915 |
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