Temporospatial Variation, Chemical Composition, and Source Resolution of PM2.5 in the Southeastern Taiwan Island
Abstract This study investigated the temporospatial variation, chemical composition, and source resolution of fine particles (PM2.5) in the southeastern seas of the Taiwan Island. 24-hr PM2.5 was sampled simultaneously at two remote sites, the Green Island (West Pacific Ocean; WPO) and the Kenting P...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Springer
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220350 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1823862810326597632 |
|---|---|
| author | Chung-Shin Yuan Jun-Hao Ceng Po-Hsuan Yen Kuan-Chen Chiang Yu-Lun Tseng Kwok-Wai Wong Ming-Shiou Jeng |
| author_facet | Chung-Shin Yuan Jun-Hao Ceng Po-Hsuan Yen Kuan-Chen Chiang Yu-Lun Tseng Kwok-Wai Wong Ming-Shiou Jeng |
| author_sort | Chung-Shin Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study investigated the temporospatial variation, chemical composition, and source resolution of fine particles (PM2.5) in the southeastern seas of the Taiwan Island. 24-hr PM2.5 was sampled simultaneously at two remote sites, the Green Island (West Pacific Ocean; WPO) and the Kenting Peninsula (northern Bashi Channel; BC), in four seasons. After sampling, the chemical fingerprints of PM2.5 were characterized and further applied to resolve the potential sources of PM2.5 and their contribution by using a receptor model on the basis of chemical mass balance (CMB), enrichment factor (EF), and backward trajectory simulation. It showed that PM2.5 concentrations in winter (10.8 µg m−3) and spring (12.0 µg m−3) (i.e., during the period of Asian Northeastern Monsoons; ANMs) were higher than those in summer (4.0 µg m−3) and fall (6.6 µg m−3). In terms of chemical composition of PM2.5, secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs = NO3 −, SO42–, and NH4+) (56.7–67.2%) were the dominant component of water-soluble ions (WSIs) in PM2.5, while crustal elements (Mg, Al, Ca, Fe, and K) (44.0–61.2%) dominated the metallic contents in PM2.5. High EF values (> 10) showed that V, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Zn were potentially contributed from anthropogenic sources. Moreover, organic carbon (OC) (0.6 µg m−3) was superior to elemental carbon (EC) (0.3 µg m−3) in PM2.5. The OC/EC ratios higher than 2.0 showed the potential chemical formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) in the atmosphere in winter and spring. Trajectory simulation indicated that high PM2.5 concentrations were mostly originated from North and Central China, Japan islands, and Korea Peninsula. Major sources of PM2.5 resolved by CMB receptor modeling were ordered as: sea salts (19.9%) > fugitive dust (19.8%) > industrial boilers (oil-fired) (10.8%) > secondary sulfate (9.8%) > mobile sources (8.0%). |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-5fefe56664914119b80708e25e157cdd |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-5fefe56664914119b80708e25e157cdd2025-02-09T12:22:33ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092022-12-0123111610.4209/aaqr.220350Temporospatial Variation, Chemical Composition, and Source Resolution of PM2.5 in the Southeastern Taiwan IslandChung-Shin Yuan0Jun-Hao Ceng1Po-Hsuan Yen2Kuan-Chen Chiang3Yu-Lun Tseng4Kwok-Wai Wong5Ming-Shiou Jeng6Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen UniversityInstitute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen UniversityInstitute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen UniversityInstitute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen UniversityInstitute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen UniversityInstitute of Environmental Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen UniversityBiodiversity Research Center, Academia SinicaAbstract This study investigated the temporospatial variation, chemical composition, and source resolution of fine particles (PM2.5) in the southeastern seas of the Taiwan Island. 24-hr PM2.5 was sampled simultaneously at two remote sites, the Green Island (West Pacific Ocean; WPO) and the Kenting Peninsula (northern Bashi Channel; BC), in four seasons. After sampling, the chemical fingerprints of PM2.5 were characterized and further applied to resolve the potential sources of PM2.5 and their contribution by using a receptor model on the basis of chemical mass balance (CMB), enrichment factor (EF), and backward trajectory simulation. It showed that PM2.5 concentrations in winter (10.8 µg m−3) and spring (12.0 µg m−3) (i.e., during the period of Asian Northeastern Monsoons; ANMs) were higher than those in summer (4.0 µg m−3) and fall (6.6 µg m−3). In terms of chemical composition of PM2.5, secondary inorganic aerosols (SIAs = NO3 −, SO42–, and NH4+) (56.7–67.2%) were the dominant component of water-soluble ions (WSIs) in PM2.5, while crustal elements (Mg, Al, Ca, Fe, and K) (44.0–61.2%) dominated the metallic contents in PM2.5. High EF values (> 10) showed that V, Mn, Ni, Cu, and Zn were potentially contributed from anthropogenic sources. Moreover, organic carbon (OC) (0.6 µg m−3) was superior to elemental carbon (EC) (0.3 µg m−3) in PM2.5. The OC/EC ratios higher than 2.0 showed the potential chemical formation of secondary organic aerosols (SOAs) in the atmosphere in winter and spring. Trajectory simulation indicated that high PM2.5 concentrations were mostly originated from North and Central China, Japan islands, and Korea Peninsula. Major sources of PM2.5 resolved by CMB receptor modeling were ordered as: sea salts (19.9%) > fugitive dust (19.8%) > industrial boilers (oil-fired) (10.8%) > secondary sulfate (9.8%) > mobile sources (8.0%).https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220350Marine fine particles (PM2.5)Temporospatial variationChemical compositionSource resolutionCross-boundary transport (CBT) |
| spellingShingle | Chung-Shin Yuan Jun-Hao Ceng Po-Hsuan Yen Kuan-Chen Chiang Yu-Lun Tseng Kwok-Wai Wong Ming-Shiou Jeng Temporospatial Variation, Chemical Composition, and Source Resolution of PM2.5 in the Southeastern Taiwan Island Aerosol and Air Quality Research Marine fine particles (PM2.5) Temporospatial variation Chemical composition Source resolution Cross-boundary transport (CBT) |
| title | Temporospatial Variation, Chemical Composition, and Source Resolution of PM2.5 in the Southeastern Taiwan Island |
| title_full | Temporospatial Variation, Chemical Composition, and Source Resolution of PM2.5 in the Southeastern Taiwan Island |
| title_fullStr | Temporospatial Variation, Chemical Composition, and Source Resolution of PM2.5 in the Southeastern Taiwan Island |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temporospatial Variation, Chemical Composition, and Source Resolution of PM2.5 in the Southeastern Taiwan Island |
| title_short | Temporospatial Variation, Chemical Composition, and Source Resolution of PM2.5 in the Southeastern Taiwan Island |
| title_sort | temporospatial variation chemical composition and source resolution of pm2 5 in the southeastern taiwan island |
| topic | Marine fine particles (PM2.5) Temporospatial variation Chemical composition Source resolution Cross-boundary transport (CBT) |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220350 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT chungshinyuan temporospatialvariationchemicalcompositionandsourceresolutionofpm25inthesoutheasterntaiwanisland AT junhaoceng temporospatialvariationchemicalcompositionandsourceresolutionofpm25inthesoutheasterntaiwanisland AT pohsuanyen temporospatialvariationchemicalcompositionandsourceresolutionofpm25inthesoutheasterntaiwanisland AT kuanchenchiang temporospatialvariationchemicalcompositionandsourceresolutionofpm25inthesoutheasterntaiwanisland AT yuluntseng temporospatialvariationchemicalcompositionandsourceresolutionofpm25inthesoutheasterntaiwanisland AT kwokwaiwong temporospatialvariationchemicalcompositionandsourceresolutionofpm25inthesoutheasterntaiwanisland AT mingshioujeng temporospatialvariationchemicalcompositionandsourceresolutionofpm25inthesoutheasterntaiwanisland |