Anthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among Portuguese children and adolescents
Abstract Purpose This cross-sectional study investigated the association between anthropometric measurements and age-related blood pressure (BP) in a large cohort of Portuguese children and adolescents. Methods We included 2972 individuals aged 2–18 years, drawn from previous study databases. Partic...
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Springer
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Discover Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00424-w |
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| author | Edmar Mendes Paulo Farinatti Alynne Andaki Susana Vale Andreia Pizarro Maria Paula Santos Clarice Martins Jorge Mota |
| author_facet | Edmar Mendes Paulo Farinatti Alynne Andaki Susana Vale Andreia Pizarro Maria Paula Santos Clarice Martins Jorge Mota |
| author_sort | Edmar Mendes |
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| description | Abstract Purpose This cross-sectional study investigated the association between anthropometric measurements and age-related blood pressure (BP) in a large cohort of Portuguese children and adolescents. Methods We included 2972 individuals aged 2–18 years, drawn from previous study databases. Participants were categorized into four groups: preschoolers (2–5 years), primary schoolers (6–10 years), middle schoolers (11–14 years) and high schoolers (15–18 years). Elevated BP was defined as systolic and/or diastolic BP > 90th percentile for age and sex. Age-adjusted partial correlations with BP were computed for body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the predictive capacity each of these measurements for identifying individuals with elevated BP. Results Elevated BP was observed in 32% of the sample. Partial correlations ranged from small to moderate (0.2–0.5, p < 0.05). As indicated by ROC curves, BMI emerged as the most accurate predictor of elevated BP (AUC = 0.584–0.724, p < 0.05). BMI cut-off values were established to balance sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP): Preschoolers—girls: BMI > 16.42 kg/m2 (SE = 71.28%, SP = 46.52%); boys: BMI > 18.25 kg/m2 (SE = 30.2%, SP = 85.30%); Primary-schoolers—girls: BMI > 20.67 kg/m2 (SE = 39.02%, SP = 91.45%); boys: BMI > 17.61 kg/m2 (SE = 67.50%, SP = 71.43%); Middle-schoolers—girls: BMI > 24.01 kg/m2 (SE = 36.26%, SP = 88.30); boys: BMI > 20.04 kg/m2 (SE = 65.17%, SP = 64.62%); High-schoolers—girls: BMI > 22.77 kg/m2 (SE = 56.52%, SP = 69.62); boys: BMI > 21.09 kg/m2 (SE = 71.20%, SP = 63.20%). Conclusion BMI was the strongest correlate of elevated BP in Portuguese children and adolescents, proving useful for early hypertension risk identification. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-627e367a987141d4bf18d995a2953218 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 3005-0774 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
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| spelling | doaj-art-627e367a987141d4bf18d995a29532182025-02-09T12:12:46ZengSpringerDiscover Public Health3005-07742025-02-0122111110.1186/s12982-025-00424-wAnthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among Portuguese children and adolescentsEdmar Mendes0Paulo Farinatti1Alynne Andaki2Susana Vale3Andreia Pizarro4Maria Paula Santos5Clarice Martins6Jorge Mota7Departamento de Ciências do Esporte, Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroCentro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto e Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR)Departamento de Ciências do Esporte, Universidade Federal do Triângulo MineiroCentro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto e Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR)Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto e Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR)Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto e Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR)Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto e Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR)Centro de Investigação em Atividade Física, Saúde e Lazer, Faculdade de Desporto da Universidade do Porto e Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR)Abstract Purpose This cross-sectional study investigated the association between anthropometric measurements and age-related blood pressure (BP) in a large cohort of Portuguese children and adolescents. Methods We included 2972 individuals aged 2–18 years, drawn from previous study databases. Participants were categorized into four groups: preschoolers (2–5 years), primary schoolers (6–10 years), middle schoolers (11–14 years) and high schoolers (15–18 years). Elevated BP was defined as systolic and/or diastolic BP > 90th percentile for age and sex. Age-adjusted partial correlations with BP were computed for body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the predictive capacity each of these measurements for identifying individuals with elevated BP. Results Elevated BP was observed in 32% of the sample. Partial correlations ranged from small to moderate (0.2–0.5, p < 0.05). As indicated by ROC curves, BMI emerged as the most accurate predictor of elevated BP (AUC = 0.584–0.724, p < 0.05). BMI cut-off values were established to balance sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP): Preschoolers—girls: BMI > 16.42 kg/m2 (SE = 71.28%, SP = 46.52%); boys: BMI > 18.25 kg/m2 (SE = 30.2%, SP = 85.30%); Primary-schoolers—girls: BMI > 20.67 kg/m2 (SE = 39.02%, SP = 91.45%); boys: BMI > 17.61 kg/m2 (SE = 67.50%, SP = 71.43%); Middle-schoolers—girls: BMI > 24.01 kg/m2 (SE = 36.26%, SP = 88.30); boys: BMI > 20.04 kg/m2 (SE = 65.17%, SP = 64.62%); High-schoolers—girls: BMI > 22.77 kg/m2 (SE = 56.52%, SP = 69.62); boys: BMI > 21.09 kg/m2 (SE = 71.20%, SP = 63.20%). Conclusion BMI was the strongest correlate of elevated BP in Portuguese children and adolescents, proving useful for early hypertension risk identification.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00424-wHypertensionChildhoodROC curveEpidemiologyCardiovascular risk |
| spellingShingle | Edmar Mendes Paulo Farinatti Alynne Andaki Susana Vale Andreia Pizarro Maria Paula Santos Clarice Martins Jorge Mota Anthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among Portuguese children and adolescents Discover Public Health Hypertension Childhood ROC curve Epidemiology Cardiovascular risk |
| title | Anthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among Portuguese children and adolescents |
| title_full | Anthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among Portuguese children and adolescents |
| title_fullStr | Anthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among Portuguese children and adolescents |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among Portuguese children and adolescents |
| title_short | Anthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among Portuguese children and adolescents |
| title_sort | anthropometric measurements as markers of elevated blood pressure among portuguese children and adolescents |
| topic | Hypertension Childhood ROC curve Epidemiology Cardiovascular risk |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12982-025-00424-w |
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