Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators
Abstract The efficient probing of spectral features is important for characterising and understanding the structure and dynamics of quantum materials. In this work, we establish a framework for probing the excitation spectrum of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators. Our approach effecti...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Nature Communications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-55955-2 |
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| author | Jinzhao Sun Lucia Vilchez-Estevez Vlatko Vedral Andrew T. Boothroyd M. S. Kim |
| author_facet | Jinzhao Sun Lucia Vilchez-Estevez Vlatko Vedral Andrew T. Boothroyd M. S. Kim |
| author_sort | Jinzhao Sun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract The efficient probing of spectral features is important for characterising and understanding the structure and dynamics of quantum materials. In this work, we establish a framework for probing the excitation spectrum of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators. Our approach effectively realises a spectral detector by processing the dynamics of observables with time intervals drawn from a defined probability distribution, which only requires native time evolution governed by the Hamiltonian without ancilla. The critical element of our method is the engineered emergence of frequency resonance such that the excitation spectrum can be probed. We show that the time complexity for transition energy estimation has a logarithmic dependence on simulation accuracy and how such observation can be guaranteed in certain many-body systems. We discuss the noise robustness of our spectroscopic method and show that the total running time maintains polynomial dependence on accuracy in the presence of device noise. We further numerically test the error dependence and the scalability of our method for lattice models. We present simulation results for the spectral features of typical quantum systems, either gapped or gapless, including quantum spins, fermions and bosons. We demonstrate how excitation spectra of spin-lattice models can be probed experimentally with IBM quantum devices. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-641f3d49dfa1473aaa0852391ceb724d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2041-1723 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nature Communications |
| spelling | doaj-art-641f3d49dfa1473aaa0852391ceb724d2025-02-09T12:45:43ZengNature PortfolioNature Communications2041-17232025-02-0116111310.1038/s41467-025-55955-2Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulatorsJinzhao Sun0Lucia Vilchez-Estevez1Vlatko Vedral2Andrew T. Boothroyd3M. S. Kim4Clarendon Laboratory, University of OxfordClarendon Laboratory, University of OxfordClarendon Laboratory, University of OxfordClarendon Laboratory, University of OxfordBlackett Laboratory, Imperial College LondonAbstract The efficient probing of spectral features is important for characterising and understanding the structure and dynamics of quantum materials. In this work, we establish a framework for probing the excitation spectrum of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators. Our approach effectively realises a spectral detector by processing the dynamics of observables with time intervals drawn from a defined probability distribution, which only requires native time evolution governed by the Hamiltonian without ancilla. The critical element of our method is the engineered emergence of frequency resonance such that the excitation spectrum can be probed. We show that the time complexity for transition energy estimation has a logarithmic dependence on simulation accuracy and how such observation can be guaranteed in certain many-body systems. We discuss the noise robustness of our spectroscopic method and show that the total running time maintains polynomial dependence on accuracy in the presence of device noise. We further numerically test the error dependence and the scalability of our method for lattice models. We present simulation results for the spectral features of typical quantum systems, either gapped or gapless, including quantum spins, fermions and bosons. We demonstrate how excitation spectra of spin-lattice models can be probed experimentally with IBM quantum devices.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-55955-2 |
| spellingShingle | Jinzhao Sun Lucia Vilchez-Estevez Vlatko Vedral Andrew T. Boothroyd M. S. Kim Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators Nature Communications |
| title | Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators |
| title_full | Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators |
| title_fullStr | Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators |
| title_full_unstemmed | Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators |
| title_short | Probing spectral features of quantum many-body systems with quantum simulators |
| title_sort | probing spectral features of quantum many body systems with quantum simulators |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-55955-2 |
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