Biological effectiveness of combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation applied in two orders of sequence: Relevance for biological dosimetry after nuclear emergencies
Objective: To investigate the potential impact of two different combinations of neutron and gamma radiation on gene expression and dicentric chromosomes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Methods: Whole blood from 3 human donors was exposed to neutrons with an energy spectrum similar to t...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Radiation Medicine and Protection |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555724000856 |
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| author | Tomas Palmqvist Milagrosa Lopez-Riego Martin Bucher Ursula Oestreicher Stefan Pojtinger Ulrich Giesen Iuliana Toma-Dasu Andrzej Wojcik |
| author_facet | Tomas Palmqvist Milagrosa Lopez-Riego Martin Bucher Ursula Oestreicher Stefan Pojtinger Ulrich Giesen Iuliana Toma-Dasu Andrzej Wojcik |
| author_sort | Tomas Palmqvist |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: To investigate the potential impact of two different combinations of neutron and gamma radiation on gene expression and dicentric chromosomes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Methods: Whole blood from 3 human donors was exposed to neutrons with an energy spectrum similar to that of the Hiroshima uranium bomb, to gamma radiation from a 60Co source and to a 50:50 combination of both radiations, given in two orders of sequence. In all cases the total doses were 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 Gy. Dicentric chromosomes were analyzed by light microscopy and the expression of six known radiation-responsive genes BBC3, CDKN1A, FDXR, GADD45A, MDM2, and XPC were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Results: Per unit dose, exposure to neutrons lead to a higher level of dicentrics and gene expression as compared to gamma radiation. Dose-response relationships for both endpoints were linear, allowing calculating the expected outcome of combined exposure by arithmetic. For dicentric chromosomes, the RBE values for 60Co → neutrons, neutrons → 60Co and neutrons were 4.05, 3.62 and 7.30, respectively. For gene expression the RBE values were gene-specific, but showed values in the range of 1.14–3.01 for 60Co → neutrons, 1.33–2.68 for neutrons → 60Co and 1.39–3.91 for neutrons. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation, regardless of the order of sequence, leads to an additive response at both endpoints. This indicates that calibration curves for mixed beams can be constructed from dose response relationships of the single beam components. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-648ba742cfab4151a0739ac3a9f7d285 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-5557 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Radiation Medicine and Protection |
| spelling | doaj-art-648ba742cfab4151a0739ac3a9f7d2852025-02-12T05:32:53ZengElsevierRadiation Medicine and Protection2666-55572025-02-0161110Biological effectiveness of combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation applied in two orders of sequence: Relevance for biological dosimetry after nuclear emergenciesTomas Palmqvist0Milagrosa Lopez-Riego1Martin Bucher2Ursula Oestreicher3Stefan Pojtinger4Ulrich Giesen5Iuliana Toma-Dasu6Andrzej Wojcik7Medical Radiation Physics, Stockholm University and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Corresponding author.Centre for Radiation Protection Research, MBW Department, Stockholm University, SwedenFederal Office for Radiation Protection, BfS, Oberschleissheim, GermanyFederal Office for Radiation Protection, BfS, Oberschleissheim, GermanyPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, GermanyPhysikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig, GermanyMedical Radiation Physics, Stockholm University and Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, SwedenCentre for Radiation Protection Research, MBW Department, Stockholm University, Sweden; Institute for Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, PolandObjective: To investigate the potential impact of two different combinations of neutron and gamma radiation on gene expression and dicentric chromosomes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Methods: Whole blood from 3 human donors was exposed to neutrons with an energy spectrum similar to that of the Hiroshima uranium bomb, to gamma radiation from a 60Co source and to a 50:50 combination of both radiations, given in two orders of sequence. In all cases the total doses were 0.5, 0.75 and 1.0 Gy. Dicentric chromosomes were analyzed by light microscopy and the expression of six known radiation-responsive genes BBC3, CDKN1A, FDXR, GADD45A, MDM2, and XPC were analyzed by RT-qPCR. Results: Per unit dose, exposure to neutrons lead to a higher level of dicentrics and gene expression as compared to gamma radiation. Dose-response relationships for both endpoints were linear, allowing calculating the expected outcome of combined exposure by arithmetic. For dicentric chromosomes, the RBE values for 60Co → neutrons, neutrons → 60Co and neutrons were 4.05, 3.62 and 7.30, respectively. For gene expression the RBE values were gene-specific, but showed values in the range of 1.14–3.01 for 60Co → neutrons, 1.33–2.68 for neutrons → 60Co and 1.39–3.91 for neutrons. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation, regardless of the order of sequence, leads to an additive response at both endpoints. This indicates that calibration curves for mixed beams can be constructed from dose response relationships of the single beam components.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555724000856Combined radiation exposureNeutron radiationGamma radiationBiological dosimetryGene expressionDicentric chromosomes |
| spellingShingle | Tomas Palmqvist Milagrosa Lopez-Riego Martin Bucher Ursula Oestreicher Stefan Pojtinger Ulrich Giesen Iuliana Toma-Dasu Andrzej Wojcik Biological effectiveness of combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation applied in two orders of sequence: Relevance for biological dosimetry after nuclear emergencies Radiation Medicine and Protection Combined radiation exposure Neutron radiation Gamma radiation Biological dosimetry Gene expression Dicentric chromosomes |
| title | Biological effectiveness of combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation applied in two orders of sequence: Relevance for biological dosimetry after nuclear emergencies |
| title_full | Biological effectiveness of combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation applied in two orders of sequence: Relevance for biological dosimetry after nuclear emergencies |
| title_fullStr | Biological effectiveness of combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation applied in two orders of sequence: Relevance for biological dosimetry after nuclear emergencies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biological effectiveness of combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation applied in two orders of sequence: Relevance for biological dosimetry after nuclear emergencies |
| title_short | Biological effectiveness of combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation applied in two orders of sequence: Relevance for biological dosimetry after nuclear emergencies |
| title_sort | biological effectiveness of combined exposure to neutrons and gamma radiation applied in two orders of sequence relevance for biological dosimetry after nuclear emergencies |
| topic | Combined radiation exposure Neutron radiation Gamma radiation Biological dosimetry Gene expression Dicentric chromosomes |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666555724000856 |
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