Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes

BackgroundIndividuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) commonly exhibit elevated lipid levels and an increased body mass index (BMI). The impact of BMI on the efficacy of statins in reducing lipid levels among diabetic patients remains uncertain. We aim to evaluate whether BMI will aff...

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Main Authors: Lulu Sun, Zhuo Wang, Bai Wang, Yuxiang Jia, Qidi Zhao, Jingjun Zhao, Xingtao Huang
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2025-02-01
Series:Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
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Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1493613/full
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author Lulu Sun
Zhuo Wang
Bai Wang
Yuxiang Jia
Qidi Zhao
Jingjun Zhao
Xingtao Huang
author_facet Lulu Sun
Zhuo Wang
Bai Wang
Yuxiang Jia
Qidi Zhao
Jingjun Zhao
Xingtao Huang
author_sort Lulu Sun
collection DOAJ
description BackgroundIndividuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) commonly exhibit elevated lipid levels and an increased body mass index (BMI). The impact of BMI on the efficacy of statins in reducing lipid levels among diabetic patients remains uncertain. We aim to evaluate whether BMI will affect the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with T2DM.MethodsIn this retrospective analysis, we screened T2DM patients who were prescribed statins and underwent a 1-year outpatient follow-up recorded in the electronic medical record system. Patients were stratified into three groups: normal weight (BMI < 24 kg/m), overweight (24 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2), and obese (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2). Lipid levels were assessed at two time points, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the reduction of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and lipid control achievement.ResultsThis study included 289 patients, with 82 in normal weigh, 143 in overweight, and 64 in obese. Overweight and obese patients were found to be younger than those with normal weight. Over the 1-year follow-up period, lipid levels decreased in all patients, with a significant reduction observed in LDL-C levels. Notably, obese patients experienced the highest reduction in LDL-C levels compared to the normal and overweight groups (normal weight group ΔLDL 0.78 ± 0.95 mmol/L, p < 0.001; overweight group ΔLDL 0.80 ± 0.88 mmol/L, p < 0.001; obese group ΔLDL 1.11 ± 0.82 mmol/L, p < 0.038). Obese patients exhibited a remarkable 42.02% reduction in LDL levels (normal 27.45%, overweight 30.64%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that achieving lipid control, defined as LDL < 2.6 mmol/L, was more likely in obese patients compared to those with normal weight [odds ratio [OR] 3.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18, 10.21, p = 0.023].ConclusionsThe effectiveness of statins in lowering lipid levels appears to be influenced by the patient's BMI in patients with T2DM. T2DM patients with high BMI may derive greater benefits, particularly in LDL reduction, from statin therapy.
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series Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
spelling doaj-art-64f92d79d2794ed4aef5ae3eac884a932025-02-12T07:26:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine2297-055X2025-02-011210.3389/fcvm.2025.14936131493613Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetesLulu Sun0Zhuo Wang1Bai Wang2Yuxiang Jia3Qidi Zhao4Jingjun Zhao5Xingtao Huang6Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, ChinaBackgroundIndividuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) commonly exhibit elevated lipid levels and an increased body mass index (BMI). The impact of BMI on the efficacy of statins in reducing lipid levels among diabetic patients remains uncertain. We aim to evaluate whether BMI will affect the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with T2DM.MethodsIn this retrospective analysis, we screened T2DM patients who were prescribed statins and underwent a 1-year outpatient follow-up recorded in the electronic medical record system. Patients were stratified into three groups: normal weight (BMI < 24 kg/m), overweight (24 kg/m2 ≤ BMI < 28 kg/m2), and obese (BMI ≥ 28 kg/m2). Lipid levels were assessed at two time points, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors influencing the reduction of low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and lipid control achievement.ResultsThis study included 289 patients, with 82 in normal weigh, 143 in overweight, and 64 in obese. Overweight and obese patients were found to be younger than those with normal weight. Over the 1-year follow-up period, lipid levels decreased in all patients, with a significant reduction observed in LDL-C levels. Notably, obese patients experienced the highest reduction in LDL-C levels compared to the normal and overweight groups (normal weight group ΔLDL 0.78 ± 0.95 mmol/L, p < 0.001; overweight group ΔLDL 0.80 ± 0.88 mmol/L, p < 0.001; obese group ΔLDL 1.11 ± 0.82 mmol/L, p < 0.038). Obese patients exhibited a remarkable 42.02% reduction in LDL levels (normal 27.45%, overweight 30.64%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that achieving lipid control, defined as LDL < 2.6 mmol/L, was more likely in obese patients compared to those with normal weight [odds ratio [OR] 3.48, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.18, 10.21, p = 0.023].ConclusionsThe effectiveness of statins in lowering lipid levels appears to be influenced by the patient's BMI in patients with T2DM. T2DM patients with high BMI may derive greater benefits, particularly in LDL reduction, from statin therapy.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1493613/fullbody mass indexstatinstype 2 diabetes mellituslow-density lipoprotein cholesterollipid
spellingShingle Lulu Sun
Zhuo Wang
Bai Wang
Yuxiang Jia
Qidi Zhao
Jingjun Zhao
Xingtao Huang
Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
body mass index
statins
type 2 diabetes mellitus
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
lipid
title Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes
title_full Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes
title_fullStr Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes
title_full_unstemmed Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes
title_short Body mass index impacts the lipid-lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes
title_sort body mass index impacts the lipid lowing effects of statins in patients with type 2 diabetes
topic body mass index
statins
type 2 diabetes mellitus
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
lipid
url https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcvm.2025.1493613/full
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