Estimating the association between cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns and SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion time: retrospective online survey in China
Abstract Background Cigarette smoking has been reported to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion, while little is known about the effect of its dual use with e-cigarettes. This study aimed to investigate whether tobacco product use patterns including e-cigarette use were linked with dela...
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BMC
2025-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10545-x |
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| author | Ying Xie Yinghua Li Zheng Su Xueyan Han Zhao Liu Zhenxiao Huang Anqi Cheng Xinmei Zhou Jinxuan Li Rui Qin Xiaowen Wei Yi Liu Xin Xia Qingqing Song Liang Zhao Kian Fan Chung Dan Xiao Chen Wang |
| author_facet | Ying Xie Yinghua Li Zheng Su Xueyan Han Zhao Liu Zhenxiao Huang Anqi Cheng Xinmei Zhou Jinxuan Li Rui Qin Xiaowen Wei Yi Liu Xin Xia Qingqing Song Liang Zhao Kian Fan Chung Dan Xiao Chen Wang |
| author_sort | Ying Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Cigarette smoking has been reported to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion, while little is known about the effect of its dual use with e-cigarettes. This study aimed to investigate whether tobacco product use patterns including e-cigarette use were linked with delayed negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2. Methods An online national survey was conducted from January 28 through February 21, 2023, targeting a community-based population in mainland of China after peak waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Participants were followed from the onset of COVID-19 symptoms until the negative conversion day or the day of answering the questionnaire as the endpoint of the study. Multi-variable adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the negative conversion time of SARS-CoV-2 across different cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns. Results A total of 66,537 participants infected with COVID-19 were enrolled and 13,294 were included in the analyses. During the median duration of 7 days (interquartile range 5 to 10 days), a total of 11,587 (87.2%) had a negative conversion. Compared with never users, current exclusive smokers (multi-variable adjusted HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48–0.71), current dual users (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.22–0.44), and previous smokers (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37–0.83) took longer to turn negative after 10 days of follow-up. Conclusions Both current exclusive cigarette use and dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes were associated with the delayed negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2, which strengthens the importance of smoking and vaping cessation messaging and community-based tobacco control strategies during pandemics like COVID-19 next time. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-691feb918cca46b584f39fe66014b7fb |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-691feb918cca46b584f39fe66014b7fb2025-02-09T12:14:35ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342025-02-0125111210.1186/s12879-025-10545-xEstimating the association between cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns and SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion time: retrospective online survey in ChinaYing Xie0Yinghua Li1Zheng Su2Xueyan Han3Zhao Liu4Zhenxiao Huang5Anqi Cheng6Xinmei Zhou7Jinxuan Li8Rui Qin9Xiaowen Wei10Yi Liu11Xin Xia12Qingqing Song13Liang Zhao14Kian Fan Chung15Dan Xiao16Chen Wang17School of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeChina Health Education CenterNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalSchool of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalSchool of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalNational Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London and Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS TrustNational Center for Respiratory Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Respiratory Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Tobacco Control and Prevention of Respiratory Diseases, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship HospitalSchool of Health Policy and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical CollegeAbstract Background Cigarette smoking has been reported to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion, while little is known about the effect of its dual use with e-cigarettes. This study aimed to investigate whether tobacco product use patterns including e-cigarette use were linked with delayed negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2. Methods An online national survey was conducted from January 28 through February 21, 2023, targeting a community-based population in mainland of China after peak waves of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Participants were followed from the onset of COVID-19 symptoms until the negative conversion day or the day of answering the questionnaire as the endpoint of the study. Multi-variable adjusted Cox proportional hazard models were used to compare the negative conversion time of SARS-CoV-2 across different cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns. Results A total of 66,537 participants infected with COVID-19 were enrolled and 13,294 were included in the analyses. During the median duration of 7 days (interquartile range 5 to 10 days), a total of 11,587 (87.2%) had a negative conversion. Compared with never users, current exclusive smokers (multi-variable adjusted HR 0.59, 95% CI 0.48–0.71), current dual users (HR 0.31, 95% CI 0.22–0.44), and previous smokers (HR 0.56, 95% CI 0.37–0.83) took longer to turn negative after 10 days of follow-up. Conclusions Both current exclusive cigarette use and dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes were associated with the delayed negative conversion of SARS-CoV-2, which strengthens the importance of smoking and vaping cessation messaging and community-based tobacco control strategies during pandemics like COVID-19 next time.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10545-xCOVID-19TobaccoSmokingDual useNegative conversionChina |
| spellingShingle | Ying Xie Yinghua Li Zheng Su Xueyan Han Zhao Liu Zhenxiao Huang Anqi Cheng Xinmei Zhou Jinxuan Li Rui Qin Xiaowen Wei Yi Liu Xin Xia Qingqing Song Liang Zhao Kian Fan Chung Dan Xiao Chen Wang Estimating the association between cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns and SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion time: retrospective online survey in China BMC Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Tobacco Smoking Dual use Negative conversion China |
| title | Estimating the association between cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns and SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion time: retrospective online survey in China |
| title_full | Estimating the association between cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns and SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion time: retrospective online survey in China |
| title_fullStr | Estimating the association between cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns and SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion time: retrospective online survey in China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Estimating the association between cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns and SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion time: retrospective online survey in China |
| title_short | Estimating the association between cigarette and e-cigarette use patterns and SARS-CoV-2 negative conversion time: retrospective online survey in China |
| title_sort | estimating the association between cigarette and e cigarette use patterns and sars cov 2 negative conversion time retrospective online survey in china |
| topic | COVID-19 Tobacco Smoking Dual use Negative conversion China |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-025-10545-x |
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