First Detection of Radio Emission from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in POX 52: Deep Multiband Observations with ATCA and VLA
We present the first multiband centimeter detection of POX 52, a nearby dwarf galaxy believed to harbor a robust intermediate-mass black hole. We conducted the deep observations using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), spanning frequencies from 4.5 to 10 GHz, as well as the sensitive obse...
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2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada946 |
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| author | Qi Yuan Hengxiao Guo Minfeng Gu Jamie Stevens Philip G. Edwards Yongjun Chen Wenwen Zuo Jingbo Sun Jun Yang Paulina Lira Tao An Renzhi Su Yuanqi Liu Yijun Wang Ning Chang Pengfei Jiang Ming Zhang |
| author_facet | Qi Yuan Hengxiao Guo Minfeng Gu Jamie Stevens Philip G. Edwards Yongjun Chen Wenwen Zuo Jingbo Sun Jun Yang Paulina Lira Tao An Renzhi Su Yuanqi Liu Yijun Wang Ning Chang Pengfei Jiang Ming Zhang |
| author_sort | Qi Yuan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We present the first multiband centimeter detection of POX 52, a nearby dwarf galaxy believed to harbor a robust intermediate-mass black hole. We conducted the deep observations using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), spanning frequencies from 4.5 to 10 GHz, as well as the sensitive observations from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) operating in its most extended A configuration at S band (2–4 GHz) and C band (4–8 GHz). In the ATCA observations, the source shows a compact morphology, with only one direction marginally resolved. The higher resolution of the VLA allowed us to slightly resolve the source, fitting it well with a two-dimensional Gaussian model. The detected radio emission confirms the presence of active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity, indicating either a low-power jet or AGN-driven winds/outflows. Our dual-epoch observations with ATCA and VLA, together with previous nondetection flux density upper limits, reveal radio emission variability spanning two decades. In addition, we find that POX 52 aligns well with the low-mass extension of the fundamental plane for high-accretion, radio-quiet massive AGNs. |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
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| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-6b8497b649c54dd79f72dabb348ee8032025-02-06T16:41:25ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572025-01-0198019710.3847/1538-4357/ada946First Detection of Radio Emission from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in POX 52: Deep Multiband Observations with ATCA and VLAQi Yuan0https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-1740Hengxiao Guo1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8416-7059Minfeng Gu2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4455-6946Jamie Stevens3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5841-3348Philip G. Edwards4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8186-4753Yongjun Chen5https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5650-6770Wenwen Zuo6https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4521-6281Jingbo Sun7Jun Yang8https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2322-5232Paulina Lira9https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1523-9164Tao An10https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4341-0029Renzhi Su11https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2432-2587Yuanqi Liu12https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9321-6000Yijun Wang13https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1010-7763Ning Chang14https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8684-7303Pengfei Jiang15https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3166-5657Ming Zhang16https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8315-2848Changchun Observatory, National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Changchun 130117, People’s Republic of China ; [email protected]; Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected] Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected] Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected] Astronomy and Space Science , PO Box 76, Epping, NSW, 1710, AustraliaCSIRO Astronomy and Space Science , PO Box 76, Epping, NSW, 1710, AustraliaShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected] Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected] Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected]; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , 19A Yuquan Road, 100049, Beijing, People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology , Onsala Space Observatory, SE-43992 Onsala, SwedenDepartamento de Astronomìa , Universidad de Chile, Casilla 36D, Santiago, ChileShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected] Center for Astronomical Computing , Zhejiang Laboratory, Hangzhou 311100, People’s Republic of ChinaShanghai Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 80 Nandan Road, Shanghai 200030, People’s Republic of China ; [email protected], [email protected] of Astronomy and Space Science, Nanjing University , 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Modern Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nanjing University , Ministry of Education, 163 Xianlin Avenue, Nanjing 210023, People’s Republic of ChinaXinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 150 Science 1-Street, Urumqi 830011, People’s Republic of ChinaXinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 150 Science 1-Street, Urumqi 830011, People’s Republic of ChinaXinjiang Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences , 150 Science 1-Street, Urumqi 830011, People’s Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Radio Astronomy , CAS, 150 Science 1-Street, Urumqi 830011, People’s Republic of China; Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Radio Astrophysics , 150 Science 1-Street, Urumqi 830011, People’s Republic of ChinaWe present the first multiband centimeter detection of POX 52, a nearby dwarf galaxy believed to harbor a robust intermediate-mass black hole. We conducted the deep observations using the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA), spanning frequencies from 4.5 to 10 GHz, as well as the sensitive observations from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) operating in its most extended A configuration at S band (2–4 GHz) and C band (4–8 GHz). In the ATCA observations, the source shows a compact morphology, with only one direction marginally resolved. The higher resolution of the VLA allowed us to slightly resolve the source, fitting it well with a two-dimensional Gaussian model. The detected radio emission confirms the presence of active galactic nucleus (AGN) activity, indicating either a low-power jet or AGN-driven winds/outflows. Our dual-epoch observations with ATCA and VLA, together with previous nondetection flux density upper limits, reveal radio emission variability spanning two decades. In addition, we find that POX 52 aligns well with the low-mass extension of the fundamental plane for high-accretion, radio-quiet massive AGNs.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada946Intermediate-mass black holesRadio continuum emissionSeyfert galaxiesDwarf galaxies |
| spellingShingle | Qi Yuan Hengxiao Guo Minfeng Gu Jamie Stevens Philip G. Edwards Yongjun Chen Wenwen Zuo Jingbo Sun Jun Yang Paulina Lira Tao An Renzhi Su Yuanqi Liu Yijun Wang Ning Chang Pengfei Jiang Ming Zhang First Detection of Radio Emission from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in POX 52: Deep Multiband Observations with ATCA and VLA The Astrophysical Journal Intermediate-mass black holes Radio continuum emission Seyfert galaxies Dwarf galaxies |
| title | First Detection of Radio Emission from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in POX 52: Deep Multiband Observations with ATCA and VLA |
| title_full | First Detection of Radio Emission from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in POX 52: Deep Multiband Observations with ATCA and VLA |
| title_fullStr | First Detection of Radio Emission from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in POX 52: Deep Multiband Observations with ATCA and VLA |
| title_full_unstemmed | First Detection of Radio Emission from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in POX 52: Deep Multiband Observations with ATCA and VLA |
| title_short | First Detection of Radio Emission from the Intermediate-mass Black Hole in POX 52: Deep Multiband Observations with ATCA and VLA |
| title_sort | first detection of radio emission from the intermediate mass black hole in pox 52 deep multiband observations with atca and vla |
| topic | Intermediate-mass black holes Radio continuum emission Seyfert galaxies Dwarf galaxies |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada946 |
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