Population genetics of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the sleeping sickness focus of Boffa (Guinea) before and after eight years of vector control: no effect of control despite a significant decrease of human exposure to the disease
Human African trypanosomosis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, is still a major concern in endemic countries. Its cyclical vector are biting insects of the genus Glossina or tsetse flies. In Guinea, the mangrove ecosystem contains the main HAT foci of Western Africa. There, the cyclical vector...
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2024-02-01
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| author | Kagbadouno, Moise S Séré, Modou Ségard, Adeline Camara, Abdoulaye Dansy Camara, Mamadou Bucheton, Bruno Bart, Jean-Mathieu Courtin, Fabrice De Meeûs, Thierry Ravel, Sophie |
| author_facet | Kagbadouno, Moise S Séré, Modou Ségard, Adeline Camara, Abdoulaye Dansy Camara, Mamadou Bucheton, Bruno Bart, Jean-Mathieu Courtin, Fabrice De Meeûs, Thierry Ravel, Sophie |
| author_sort | Kagbadouno, Moise S |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Human African trypanosomosis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, is still a major concern in endemic countries. Its cyclical vector are biting insects of the genus Glossina or tsetse flies. In Guinea, the mangrove ecosystem contains the main HAT foci of Western Africa. There, the cyclical vector is Glossina palpalis gambiensis. A still ongoing vector control campaign (VCC) started in 2011 in the focus of Boffa, using tiny targets, with a 79% tsetse density reduction in 2016 and significant impact on the prevalence of the disease (from 0.3% in 2011 to 0.11% in 2013, 0.0352% in 2016 and 0.0097% in 2019). To assess the sustainability of these results, we have studied the impact of this VCC on the population biology of G. p. gambiensis in Boffa. We used the genotyping at 11 microsatellite markers and population genetic tools of tsetse flies from different sites and at different dates before and after the beginning of the VCC. In variance with a significant impact of VCC on the apparent densities of flies captured in the traps deployed, the global population of G. p. gambiensis displayed no variation of the sex-ratio, no genetic signature of control, and behaved as a very large population occupying the entire zone. This implies that targets deployment efficiently protected the human populations locally, but did not impact tsetse flies where targets cannot be deployed and where the main tsetse population exploits available resources. We thus recommend the pursuit of vector control measures with the same strategy, through the joint effect of VCC and medical surveys and treatments, in order to protect human populations from HAT infections until the disease can be considered as entirely eradicated from the focus. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-7044f5627b3644bb854ab748f10d0ff0 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2804-3871 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Peer Community In |
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| series | Peer Community Journal |
| spelling | doaj-art-7044f5627b3644bb854ab748f10d0ff02025-02-07T10:17:18ZengPeer Community InPeer Community Journal2804-38712024-02-01410.24072/pcjournal.38310.24072/pcjournal.383Population genetics of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the sleeping sickness focus of Boffa (Guinea) before and after eight years of vector control: no effect of control despite a significant decrease of human exposure to the disease Kagbadouno, Moise S0Séré, Modou1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5929-1928Ségard, Adeline2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3826-3194Camara, Abdoulaye Dansy3Camara, Mamadou4Bucheton, Bruno5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3804-5426Bart, Jean-Mathieu6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5707-3778Courtin, Fabrice7https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4920-316XDe Meeûs, Thierry8https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8807-241XRavel, Sophie9https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3093-5208Programme National de Lutte contre la THA, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, GuinéeUniversity of Dédougou, Dédougou B.P. 176, Burkina FasoINTERTRYP, Univ Montpellier, Cirad, IRD, Montpellier, FranceProgramme National de Lutte contre la THA, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, GuinéeProgramme National de Lutte contre la THA, Ministère de la Santé, Conakry, GuinéeINTERTRYP, Univ Montpellier, Cirad, IRD, Montpellier, FranceINTERTRYP, Univ Montpellier, Cirad, IRD, Montpellier, FranceINTERTRYP, Univ Montpellier, Cirad, IRD, Montpellier, France; Représentation de l'IRD au Burkina Faso, 668, avenue du Pr Joseph Ki-Zerbo-Koulouba, 01 BP 182 Ouagadougou 01, Burkina FasoINTERTRYP, Univ Montpellier, Cirad, IRD, Montpellier, FranceINTERTRYP, Univ Montpellier, Cirad, IRD, Montpellier, FranceHuman African trypanosomosis (HAT), also known as sleeping sickness, is still a major concern in endemic countries. Its cyclical vector are biting insects of the genus Glossina or tsetse flies. In Guinea, the mangrove ecosystem contains the main HAT foci of Western Africa. There, the cyclical vector is Glossina palpalis gambiensis. A still ongoing vector control campaign (VCC) started in 2011 in the focus of Boffa, using tiny targets, with a 79% tsetse density reduction in 2016 and significant impact on the prevalence of the disease (from 0.3% in 2011 to 0.11% in 2013, 0.0352% in 2016 and 0.0097% in 2019). To assess the sustainability of these results, we have studied the impact of this VCC on the population biology of G. p. gambiensis in Boffa. We used the genotyping at 11 microsatellite markers and population genetic tools of tsetse flies from different sites and at different dates before and after the beginning of the VCC. In variance with a significant impact of VCC on the apparent densities of flies captured in the traps deployed, the global population of G. p. gambiensis displayed no variation of the sex-ratio, no genetic signature of control, and behaved as a very large population occupying the entire zone. This implies that targets deployment efficiently protected the human populations locally, but did not impact tsetse flies where targets cannot be deployed and where the main tsetse population exploits available resources. We thus recommend the pursuit of vector control measures with the same strategy, through the joint effect of VCC and medical surveys and treatments, in order to protect human populations from HAT infections until the disease can be considered as entirely eradicated from the focus.https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.383/Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical DiseasesTsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical DiseasesTsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical DiseasesTsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical DiseasesTsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spellingShingle | Kagbadouno, Moise S Séré, Modou Ségard, Adeline Camara, Abdoulaye Dansy Camara, Mamadou Bucheton, Bruno Bart, Jean-Mathieu Courtin, Fabrice De Meeûs, Thierry Ravel, Sophie Population genetics of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the sleeping sickness focus of Boffa (Guinea) before and after eight years of vector control: no effect of control despite a significant decrease of human exposure to the disease Peer Community Journal Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | Population genetics of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the sleeping sickness focus of Boffa (Guinea) before and after eight years of vector control: no effect of control despite a significant decrease of human exposure to the disease
|
| title_full | Population genetics of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the sleeping sickness focus of Boffa (Guinea) before and after eight years of vector control: no effect of control despite a significant decrease of human exposure to the disease
|
| title_fullStr | Population genetics of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the sleeping sickness focus of Boffa (Guinea) before and after eight years of vector control: no effect of control despite a significant decrease of human exposure to the disease
|
| title_full_unstemmed | Population genetics of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the sleeping sickness focus of Boffa (Guinea) before and after eight years of vector control: no effect of control despite a significant decrease of human exposure to the disease
|
| title_short | Population genetics of Glossina palpalis gambiensis in the sleeping sickness focus of Boffa (Guinea) before and after eight years of vector control: no effect of control despite a significant decrease of human exposure to the disease
|
| title_sort | population genetics of glossina palpalis gambiensis in the sleeping sickness focus of boffa guinea before and after eight years of vector control no effect of control despite a significant decrease of human exposure to the disease |
| topic | Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases Tsetse flies; Human African Trypanosomiasis; Population structure; Effective population size; Vector control; Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| url | https://peercommunityjournal.org/articles/10.24072/pcjournal.383/ |
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