Energy and cost analysis of bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) based solid alcohol biofuel and supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) based biodiesel
Waste cooking oil (WCO) represents one of the most available renewable energy sources to produce solid alcohol biofuel (SABF) and biodiesel. The objective of this work is to conduct energy and cost balances for biodiesel and SABF generation from supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) and bottom waste...
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Elsevier
2025-02-01
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| author | Ramin Nabizadeh I.L. García Zohreh Bahmani Abbas Norouzian Baghani Sodeh Sadjadi Kamyar Yaghmaeian Bahram Kamarehie Amir Hossein Mahvi Masud Yunesian |
| author_facet | Ramin Nabizadeh I.L. García Zohreh Bahmani Abbas Norouzian Baghani Sodeh Sadjadi Kamyar Yaghmaeian Bahram Kamarehie Amir Hossein Mahvi Masud Yunesian |
| author_sort | Ramin Nabizadeh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Waste cooking oil (WCO) represents one of the most available renewable energy sources to produce solid alcohol biofuel (SABF) and biodiesel. The objective of this work is to conduct energy and cost balances for biodiesel and SABF generation from supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) and bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) derived from catering facilities in Iran, respectively. The total energy input/output for SABF and biodiesel, respectively, were 31.738/37.180 MJ/L and 34.269/42.163 MJ/L, with the majority of the energy contribution being B-WCO/S-WCO (78.77/73.57 %), followed by machinery (19.76/18.30 %), and ethanol/methanol (0.69/7.47 %), in both cases. Renewable energy and non-renewable energy inputs for SABF and biodiesel were calculated as 25.071 MJ/L/6.667 MJ/L and 25.280 MJ/L/8.990 MJ/L of total energy input, respectively. Total cost and revenues for SABF vs. biodiesel production processes were 1.318 vs. 1.342 $/L and 5.620 vs. 2.481$/L, respectively. Gross return, net return and benefit to cost ratio values for SABF vs. biodiesel were 1.449 vs. 1.548 $/L, 1.060 vs. 1.157 $/L, and 1.827 vs. 1.876, respectively. Hence, considering the energy balances of the valorization process for WCO, the population growth in cities, and the need for inexpensive and plentiful sources of renewable energy, the production of SABF and biodiesel may offer a valuable solution in developing countries. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-727f557b4028490cad190f2bbfbf18a3 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2405-8440 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heliyon |
| spelling | doaj-art-727f557b4028490cad190f2bbfbf18a32025-02-11T04:35:11ZengElsevierHeliyon2405-84402025-02-01114e42180Energy and cost analysis of bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) based solid alcohol biofuel and supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) based biodieselRamin Nabizadeh0I.L. García1Zohreh Bahmani2Abbas Norouzian Baghani3Sodeh Sadjadi4Kamyar Yaghmaeian5Bahram Kamarehie6Amir Hossein Mahvi7Masud Yunesian8Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Physical Chemistry and Applied Thermodynamics, Edf. Leonardo da Vinci, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, ceiA3, SpainDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranEnvironmental health research center, Lorestan university of medical sciences, Khorramabad, Iran; Center for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Corresponding author. Environmental health research center, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.Radiation Application Research School, Nuclear Science and Technology Research Institute, Tehran, IranCenter for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranEnvironmental health research center, Lorestan university of medical sciences, Khorramabad, IranCenter for Solid Waste Research, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranDepartment of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IranWaste cooking oil (WCO) represents one of the most available renewable energy sources to produce solid alcohol biofuel (SABF) and biodiesel. The objective of this work is to conduct energy and cost balances for biodiesel and SABF generation from supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) and bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) derived from catering facilities in Iran, respectively. The total energy input/output for SABF and biodiesel, respectively, were 31.738/37.180 MJ/L and 34.269/42.163 MJ/L, with the majority of the energy contribution being B-WCO/S-WCO (78.77/73.57 %), followed by machinery (19.76/18.30 %), and ethanol/methanol (0.69/7.47 %), in both cases. Renewable energy and non-renewable energy inputs for SABF and biodiesel were calculated as 25.071 MJ/L/6.667 MJ/L and 25.280 MJ/L/8.990 MJ/L of total energy input, respectively. Total cost and revenues for SABF vs. biodiesel production processes were 1.318 vs. 1.342 $/L and 5.620 vs. 2.481$/L, respectively. Gross return, net return and benefit to cost ratio values for SABF vs. biodiesel were 1.449 vs. 1.548 $/L, 1.060 vs. 1.157 $/L, and 1.827 vs. 1.876, respectively. Hence, considering the energy balances of the valorization process for WCO, the population growth in cities, and the need for inexpensive and plentiful sources of renewable energy, the production of SABF and biodiesel may offer a valuable solution in developing countries.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025005602BiodieselCost analysesEnergy balanceSolid alcohol biofuelWaste cooking oil |
| spellingShingle | Ramin Nabizadeh I.L. García Zohreh Bahmani Abbas Norouzian Baghani Sodeh Sadjadi Kamyar Yaghmaeian Bahram Kamarehie Amir Hossein Mahvi Masud Yunesian Energy and cost analysis of bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) based solid alcohol biofuel and supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) based biodiesel Heliyon Biodiesel Cost analyses Energy balance Solid alcohol biofuel Waste cooking oil |
| title | Energy and cost analysis of bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) based solid alcohol biofuel and supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) based biodiesel |
| title_full | Energy and cost analysis of bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) based solid alcohol biofuel and supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) based biodiesel |
| title_fullStr | Energy and cost analysis of bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) based solid alcohol biofuel and supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) based biodiesel |
| title_full_unstemmed | Energy and cost analysis of bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) based solid alcohol biofuel and supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) based biodiesel |
| title_short | Energy and cost analysis of bottom waste cooking oil (B-WCO) based solid alcohol biofuel and supernatant waste cooking oil (S-WCO) based biodiesel |
| title_sort | energy and cost analysis of bottom waste cooking oil b wco based solid alcohol biofuel and supernatant waste cooking oil s wco based biodiesel |
| topic | Biodiesel Cost analyses Energy balance Solid alcohol biofuel Waste cooking oil |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405844025005602 |
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