Associations between hypovitaminosis D, adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents: mediation analyses from NHANES 2011–2018
Abstract Background As all kown, both hypovitaminosis D and insulin resistance (IR) have been linked to adiposity. However, the extent of adiposity’s mediating influence on the hypovitaminosis D-IR relationship among adolescents remains to be elucidated. Additionally, the intricate effects of obesit...
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| Format: | Article |
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Nature Publishing Group
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Nutrition & Diabetes |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-025-00358-x |
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| author | Yaping Deng Yingting Luo Yilei Shen Yong Zhao Wei Cao Jie Cao Lijuan Xu Lin Kong |
| author_facet | Yaping Deng Yingting Luo Yilei Shen Yong Zhao Wei Cao Jie Cao Lijuan Xu Lin Kong |
| author_sort | Yaping Deng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background As all kown, both hypovitaminosis D and insulin resistance (IR) have been linked to adiposity. However, the extent of adiposity’s mediating influence on the hypovitaminosis D-IR relationship among adolescents remains to be elucidated. Additionally, the intricate effects of obesity and blood lipid profiles on IR are not yet fully understood. Methods We conducted a comprehensive analysis of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018, examining the correlation between adiposity indices such as Body Mass Index (BMI), Fat Mass Index (FMI, defined as the ratio of fat mass to height squared), hypovitaminosis D, and IR. We employed the XGBoost algorithm to identify key factors significantly influencing IR, thereby deepening our insight into the link between adiposity and insulin resistance. Furthermore, we applied mediation analysis to precisely assess the mediating role of adiposity indices in the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and IR. Results Our study revealing significant correlations between adiposity indices, hypovitaminosis D, and IR after variable adjustment. Notably, subgroup analysis indicated a pronounced hypovitaminosis D -adiposity association in female adolescents, which was not observed in males. The XGBoost algorithm pinpointed obesity and blood lipid indicators significantly affecting IR, with total fat mass, triglyceride, cholesterol, BMI, and FMI ranked by descending importance. Mediation analysis disclosed that adiposity indices mediate a substantial portion of the hypovitaminosis D -IR relationship, with FMI (43.84%, p < 0.001) and BMI (40.87%, p < 0.001) showing significant mediating effects. Conclusion The study confirmed significant correlations between adiposity indices, hypovitaminosis D, and IR in adolescents, with gender-specific differences in the hypovitaminosis D -adiposity link. Cholesterol was found to have a more substantial influence on IR than BMI and FMI. Furthermore, FMI was identified as a more potent mediator of the hypovitaminosis D-IR relationship compared to BMI, highlighting its importance in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in adolescents. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-83ad9b5cc68141108ddcaff2b2595d44 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2044-4052 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrition & Diabetes |
| spelling | doaj-art-83ad9b5cc68141108ddcaff2b2595d442025-02-09T13:00:42ZengNature Publishing GroupNutrition & Diabetes2044-40522025-02-011511910.1038/s41387-025-00358-xAssociations between hypovitaminosis D, adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents: mediation analyses from NHANES 2011–2018Yaping Deng0Yingting Luo1Yilei Shen2Yong Zhao3Wei Cao4Jie Cao5Lijuan Xu6Lin Kong7Department of Clinical Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsSchool of Mathematics, Sichuan UniversitySchool of Mathematics, Sichuan UniversityNutrition Innovation Platform-Sichuan and Chongqing, Professor Zhao Yong’s Science Popularization StudioNational Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Medical general Ward, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsDepartment of Clinical Nutrition, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of PediatricsAbstract Background As all kown, both hypovitaminosis D and insulin resistance (IR) have been linked to adiposity. However, the extent of adiposity’s mediating influence on the hypovitaminosis D-IR relationship among adolescents remains to be elucidated. Additionally, the intricate effects of obesity and blood lipid profiles on IR are not yet fully understood. Methods We conducted a comprehensive analysis of NHANES data from 2011 to 2018, examining the correlation between adiposity indices such as Body Mass Index (BMI), Fat Mass Index (FMI, defined as the ratio of fat mass to height squared), hypovitaminosis D, and IR. We employed the XGBoost algorithm to identify key factors significantly influencing IR, thereby deepening our insight into the link between adiposity and insulin resistance. Furthermore, we applied mediation analysis to precisely assess the mediating role of adiposity indices in the relationship between hypovitaminosis D and IR. Results Our study revealing significant correlations between adiposity indices, hypovitaminosis D, and IR after variable adjustment. Notably, subgroup analysis indicated a pronounced hypovitaminosis D -adiposity association in female adolescents, which was not observed in males. The XGBoost algorithm pinpointed obesity and blood lipid indicators significantly affecting IR, with total fat mass, triglyceride, cholesterol, BMI, and FMI ranked by descending importance. Mediation analysis disclosed that adiposity indices mediate a substantial portion of the hypovitaminosis D -IR relationship, with FMI (43.84%, p < 0.001) and BMI (40.87%, p < 0.001) showing significant mediating effects. Conclusion The study confirmed significant correlations between adiposity indices, hypovitaminosis D, and IR in adolescents, with gender-specific differences in the hypovitaminosis D -adiposity link. Cholesterol was found to have a more substantial influence on IR than BMI and FMI. Furthermore, FMI was identified as a more potent mediator of the hypovitaminosis D-IR relationship compared to BMI, highlighting its importance in the pathophysiology of insulin resistance in adolescents.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-025-00358-x |
| spellingShingle | Yaping Deng Yingting Luo Yilei Shen Yong Zhao Wei Cao Jie Cao Lijuan Xu Lin Kong Associations between hypovitaminosis D, adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents: mediation analyses from NHANES 2011–2018 Nutrition & Diabetes |
| title | Associations between hypovitaminosis D, adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents: mediation analyses from NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_full | Associations between hypovitaminosis D, adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents: mediation analyses from NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_fullStr | Associations between hypovitaminosis D, adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents: mediation analyses from NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Associations between hypovitaminosis D, adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents: mediation analyses from NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_short | Associations between hypovitaminosis D, adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents: mediation analyses from NHANES 2011–2018 |
| title_sort | associations between hypovitaminosis d adiposity indices and insulin resistance in adolescents mediation analyses from nhanes 2011 2018 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-025-00358-x |
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