Genome-wide identification and characterization of WRKYs family involved in responses to Cylindrocarpon destructans in Panax notoginseng
Abstract Background WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are key regulators of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Previous studies demonstrated that the role of WRKY TFs play in the disease resistance of Panax notoginseng, the causal agent of root rot disease. However, comprehensive genome-...
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2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11280-y |
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| author | Manqiao Li Xiaoli Che Qiwen Liang Kuixiu Li Guisheng Xiang Xuyan Liu Yan Zhao Fugang Wei Shengchao Yang Guanze Liu |
| author_facet | Manqiao Li Xiaoli Che Qiwen Liang Kuixiu Li Guisheng Xiang Xuyan Liu Yan Zhao Fugang Wei Shengchao Yang Guanze Liu |
| author_sort | Manqiao Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are key regulators of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Previous studies demonstrated that the role of WRKY TFs play in the disease resistance of Panax notoginseng, the causal agent of root rot disease. However, comprehensive genome-wide analyses of WRKY genes in this species remain scarce. Result We identified 79 WRKY genes in the P. notoginseng genome, classifing them into three groups based on structural features and phylogenetic relationships: Class I (14 genes), Class II (55 genes), and Class III (10 genes). Of these, 58 PnWRKY genes were mapped to the P. notoginseng chromosomes and showed collinearity with Arabidopsis thaliana, Daucus carota, and three Solanaceae species. Expression analysis revealed that 53 PnWRKY genes were actively transcribed across various tissues, including roots, flowers, stems, rhizomes, and different root parts. Furthermore, PnWRKY genes responded to Cylindrocarpon destructans infection and were induced by jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). Notably, the ectopic expression of PnWRKY35 in tobacco enhanced resistance to C. destructans, accompanied by increased levels of gibberellins (GA24, GA3, GA8), JA, SA, and brassinolide. KEGG enrichment analysis of 547 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated their involvement pathways related to disease resistance, including the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes and triterpenes, JA biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interactions and the MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the WRKY family in P. notoginseng plays a significant role in resistance to root rot disease. PnWRKY genes are responsive to MeJA and SA induction as well as C. destructans infection. Moreover, ectopic expression of PnWRKY35 activates multiple plant disease resistance pathways, increases phytohormone levels, and enhance resistance to C. destructans. These findings provide a foundation for future exploration of the mechanism underlying P. notoginseng resistance to root rot disease. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-88dd4bc64ba44c25bb3467b09c90b632 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2164 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| spelling | doaj-art-88dd4bc64ba44c25bb3467b09c90b6322025-02-09T12:13:56ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642025-02-0126112110.1186/s12864-025-11280-yGenome-wide identification and characterization of WRKYs family involved in responses to Cylindrocarpon destructans in Panax notoginsengManqiao Li0Xiaoli Che1Qiwen Liang2Kuixiu Li3Guisheng Xiang4Xuyan Liu5Yan Zhao6Fugang Wei7Shengchao Yang8Guanze Liu9College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio- Resources in Yunnan, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityFaculty of Life Science and Technology, Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming University of Science and TechnologyCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio- Resources in Yunnan, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio- Resources in Yunnan, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio- Resources in Yunnan, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio- Resources in Yunnan, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityWenshan Miaoxiang Notoginseng Industry Co., LtdCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Bio- Resources in Yunnan, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityKey Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology, Yunnan Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are key regulators of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Previous studies demonstrated that the role of WRKY TFs play in the disease resistance of Panax notoginseng, the causal agent of root rot disease. However, comprehensive genome-wide analyses of WRKY genes in this species remain scarce. Result We identified 79 WRKY genes in the P. notoginseng genome, classifing them into three groups based on structural features and phylogenetic relationships: Class I (14 genes), Class II (55 genes), and Class III (10 genes). Of these, 58 PnWRKY genes were mapped to the P. notoginseng chromosomes and showed collinearity with Arabidopsis thaliana, Daucus carota, and three Solanaceae species. Expression analysis revealed that 53 PnWRKY genes were actively transcribed across various tissues, including roots, flowers, stems, rhizomes, and different root parts. Furthermore, PnWRKY genes responded to Cylindrocarpon destructans infection and were induced by jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA). Notably, the ectopic expression of PnWRKY35 in tobacco enhanced resistance to C. destructans, accompanied by increased levels of gibberellins (GA24, GA3, GA8), JA, SA, and brassinolide. KEGG enrichment analysis of 547 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) indicated their involvement pathways related to disease resistance, including the biosynthesis of sesquiterpenes and triterpenes, JA biosynthesis, plant-pathogen interactions and the MAPK signaling pathway. Conclusion This study demonstrated that the WRKY family in P. notoginseng plays a significant role in resistance to root rot disease. PnWRKY genes are responsive to MeJA and SA induction as well as C. destructans infection. Moreover, ectopic expression of PnWRKY35 activates multiple plant disease resistance pathways, increases phytohormone levels, and enhance resistance to C. destructans. These findings provide a foundation for future exploration of the mechanism underlying P. notoginseng resistance to root rot disease.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11280-yPanax notoginsengWRKYGenomic distribution and organizationExpression patternsCylindrocarpon destructans |
| spellingShingle | Manqiao Li Xiaoli Che Qiwen Liang Kuixiu Li Guisheng Xiang Xuyan Liu Yan Zhao Fugang Wei Shengchao Yang Guanze Liu Genome-wide identification and characterization of WRKYs family involved in responses to Cylindrocarpon destructans in Panax notoginseng BMC Genomics Panax notoginseng WRKY Genomic distribution and organization Expression patterns Cylindrocarpon destructans |
| title | Genome-wide identification and characterization of WRKYs family involved in responses to Cylindrocarpon destructans in Panax notoginseng |
| title_full | Genome-wide identification and characterization of WRKYs family involved in responses to Cylindrocarpon destructans in Panax notoginseng |
| title_fullStr | Genome-wide identification and characterization of WRKYs family involved in responses to Cylindrocarpon destructans in Panax notoginseng |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-wide identification and characterization of WRKYs family involved in responses to Cylindrocarpon destructans in Panax notoginseng |
| title_short | Genome-wide identification and characterization of WRKYs family involved in responses to Cylindrocarpon destructans in Panax notoginseng |
| title_sort | genome wide identification and characterization of wrkys family involved in responses to cylindrocarpon destructans in panax notoginseng |
| topic | Panax notoginseng WRKY Genomic distribution and organization Expression patterns Cylindrocarpon destructans |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-025-11280-y |
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