Comparative Analysis of RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC APIs: Perfomance Insight from Load and Stress Testing
Backend constitutes a critical component of digital infrastructure, responsible for processing business logic, managing data, and facilitating communication between software systems. APIs serve as the interface that enables software interaction and plays a pivotal role in backend operations. This st...
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LPPM ISB Atma Luhur
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Jurnal Sisfokom |
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| Online Access: | https://jurnal.atmaluhur.ac.id/index.php/sisfokom/article/view/2375 |
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| author | Steven Chandra Ahmad Farisi |
| author_facet | Steven Chandra Ahmad Farisi |
| author_sort | Steven Chandra |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Backend constitutes a critical component of digital infrastructure, responsible for processing business logic, managing data, and facilitating communication between software systems. APIs serve as the interface that enables software interaction and plays a pivotal role in backend operations. This study investigates the performance of three API architectures: RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC. The experimental approach involves the implementation of Load Testing and Stress Testing to assess the performance of these architectures. The experiment utilizes a dedicated server and client hardware to simulate real-world conditions, with parameters such as CPU usage, memory usage, response time, load time, latency, success rate, and failure rate evaluated using a dataset comprising 1,000 rows of student-related records. Result show that RESTful achieves the highest total request but exhibit greater resource consumption and a higher failure rate. GraphQL demonstrated better CPU and memory efficiency with strong stability, though it has higher latency and slower response times. gRPC strikes a balance with a moderate latency and resource usage, albeit with slightly higher memory consumption under stress. By presenting a comprehensive analysis of each API architecture, this study contributes a comprehensive performance analysis under practical testing scenarios giving developers and system architect with data-driven guidance for selecting API architecture to their application needs. RESTful is well suited for high-throughput scenarios with less critical operations, GraphQL excels in resource efficiency and stability, and gRPC offers balanced performance across diverse workloads. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-92326cfec6e74853812016730543005b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2301-7988 2581-0588 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | LPPM ISB Atma Luhur |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Jurnal Sisfokom |
| spelling | doaj-art-92326cfec6e74853812016730543005b2025-02-12T07:27:38ZengLPPM ISB Atma LuhurJurnal Sisfokom2301-79882581-05882025-01-01141818510.32736/sisfokom.v14i1.23752038Comparative Analysis of RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC APIs: Perfomance Insight from Load and Stress TestingSteven Chandra0Ahmad Farisi1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-6138Faculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Universitas Multi Data PalembangFaculty of Computer Science and Engineering, Universitas Multi Data PalembangBackend constitutes a critical component of digital infrastructure, responsible for processing business logic, managing data, and facilitating communication between software systems. APIs serve as the interface that enables software interaction and plays a pivotal role in backend operations. This study investigates the performance of three API architectures: RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC. The experimental approach involves the implementation of Load Testing and Stress Testing to assess the performance of these architectures. The experiment utilizes a dedicated server and client hardware to simulate real-world conditions, with parameters such as CPU usage, memory usage, response time, load time, latency, success rate, and failure rate evaluated using a dataset comprising 1,000 rows of student-related records. Result show that RESTful achieves the highest total request but exhibit greater resource consumption and a higher failure rate. GraphQL demonstrated better CPU and memory efficiency with strong stability, though it has higher latency and slower response times. gRPC strikes a balance with a moderate latency and resource usage, albeit with slightly higher memory consumption under stress. By presenting a comprehensive analysis of each API architecture, this study contributes a comprehensive performance analysis under practical testing scenarios giving developers and system architect with data-driven guidance for selecting API architecture to their application needs. RESTful is well suited for high-throughput scenarios with less critical operations, GraphQL excels in resource efficiency and stability, and gRPC offers balanced performance across diverse workloads.https://jurnal.atmaluhur.ac.id/index.php/sisfokom/article/view/2375api architecturegrpcgraphqlrestfulload testingstress testing |
| spellingShingle | Steven Chandra Ahmad Farisi Comparative Analysis of RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC APIs: Perfomance Insight from Load and Stress Testing Jurnal Sisfokom api architecture grpc graphql restful load testing stress testing |
| title | Comparative Analysis of RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC APIs: Perfomance Insight from Load and Stress Testing |
| title_full | Comparative Analysis of RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC APIs: Perfomance Insight from Load and Stress Testing |
| title_fullStr | Comparative Analysis of RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC APIs: Perfomance Insight from Load and Stress Testing |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comparative Analysis of RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC APIs: Perfomance Insight from Load and Stress Testing |
| title_short | Comparative Analysis of RESTful, GraphQL, and gRPC APIs: Perfomance Insight from Load and Stress Testing |
| title_sort | comparative analysis of restful graphql and grpc apis perfomance insight from load and stress testing |
| topic | api architecture grpc graphql restful load testing stress testing |
| url | https://jurnal.atmaluhur.ac.id/index.php/sisfokom/article/view/2375 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT stevenchandra comparativeanalysisofrestfulgraphqlandgrpcapisperfomanceinsightfromloadandstresstesting AT ahmadfarisi comparativeanalysisofrestfulgraphqlandgrpcapisperfomanceinsightfromloadandstresstesting |