Investigating PFAS emissions of light- and heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicles
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been linked to different adverse health effects, highlighting the need to address the examination of all potential emission sources. This also includes applications that are used in key components of the hydrogen economy using proton exchange membranes...
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Elsevier
2025-04-01
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| Series: | Journal of Power Sources Advances |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666248525000058 |
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| author | T. Lange M. Dietrich H. Schlottmann V. Valkov V. Mackert I. Radev H. Hoster |
| author_facet | T. Lange M. Dietrich H. Schlottmann V. Valkov V. Mackert I. Radev H. Hoster |
| author_sort | T. Lange |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been linked to different adverse health effects, highlighting the need to address the examination of all potential emission sources. This also includes applications that are used in key components of the hydrogen economy using proton exchange membranes, e.g. PEM fuel cells. This study analyzes PFAS concentrations in product water from two light- and one heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), identifying two to five distinct PFAS (including 6:2 FTS, PFBuA, PFHpA, PFHxA, PFOA, HFPO-DA, and PFPeA) in each sample. However, at this juncture, it is not yet possible to make a well-founded statement as to which components (e.g., MEA or BOP) release these substances.The PFAS concentration was found to be low overall in light-duty vehicles, while in heavy-duty vehicles, elevated levels were observed. Despite these findings, the product water from all vehicles remains within the non-critical range according to current German national PFAS guidelines. However, the results highlight the need for further research and effective strategies to mitigate PFAS emissions from PEM fuel cells in the future. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-92c095f66d9c42659f9638b36063c598 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2666-2485 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-04-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Power Sources Advances |
| spelling | doaj-art-92c095f66d9c42659f9638b36063c5982025-02-07T04:48:22ZengElsevierJournal of Power Sources Advances2666-24852025-04-0132100171Investigating PFAS emissions of light- and heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehiclesT. Lange0M. Dietrich1H. Schlottmann2V. Valkov3V. Mackert4I. Radev5H. Hoster6The Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Center (ZBT gGmbH), Carl-Benz-Strasse 201, 47057, Duisburg, Germany; Corresponding author.The Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Center (ZBT gGmbH), Carl-Benz-Strasse 201, 47057, Duisburg, GermanyIWW Institute for Water Research gGmbH, Moritzstr. 26, 45476, Muelheim (Ruhr), GermanyIWW Institute for Water Research gGmbH, Moritzstr. 26, 45476, Muelheim (Ruhr), GermanyThe Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Center (ZBT gGmbH), Carl-Benz-Strasse 201, 47057, Duisburg, GermanyThe Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Center (ZBT gGmbH), Carl-Benz-Strasse 201, 47057, Duisburg, Germany; Institute of Electrochemistry and Energy Systems “Academician Evgeni Budevski”, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Georgi Bonchev Block 10, 1113, Sofia, BulgariaThe Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Center (ZBT gGmbH), Carl-Benz-Strasse 201, 47057, Duisburg, Germany; University of Duisburg-Essen (UDE), Chair of Energy Technology, Lotharstr. 1, 47058, Duisburg, GermanyPer- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been linked to different adverse health effects, highlighting the need to address the examination of all potential emission sources. This also includes applications that are used in key components of the hydrogen economy using proton exchange membranes, e.g. PEM fuel cells. This study analyzes PFAS concentrations in product water from two light- and one heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), identifying two to five distinct PFAS (including 6:2 FTS, PFBuA, PFHpA, PFHxA, PFOA, HFPO-DA, and PFPeA) in each sample. However, at this juncture, it is not yet possible to make a well-founded statement as to which components (e.g., MEA or BOP) release these substances.The PFAS concentration was found to be low overall in light-duty vehicles, while in heavy-duty vehicles, elevated levels were observed. Despite these findings, the product water from all vehicles remains within the non-critical range according to current German national PFAS guidelines. However, the results highlight the need for further research and effective strategies to mitigate PFAS emissions from PEM fuel cells in the future.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666248525000058PEMFCFuel cell electric vehiclePFAS emissionAnalysis according to DIN EN 17892:2024–08Environmental assessment |
| spellingShingle | T. Lange M. Dietrich H. Schlottmann V. Valkov V. Mackert I. Radev H. Hoster Investigating PFAS emissions of light- and heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicles Journal of Power Sources Advances PEMFC Fuel cell electric vehicle PFAS emission Analysis according to DIN EN 17892:2024–08 Environmental assessment |
| title | Investigating PFAS emissions of light- and heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicles |
| title_full | Investigating PFAS emissions of light- and heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicles |
| title_fullStr | Investigating PFAS emissions of light- and heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating PFAS emissions of light- and heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicles |
| title_short | Investigating PFAS emissions of light- and heavy-duty fuel cell electric vehicles |
| title_sort | investigating pfas emissions of light and heavy duty fuel cell electric vehicles |
| topic | PEMFC Fuel cell electric vehicle PFAS emission Analysis according to DIN EN 17892:2024–08 Environmental assessment |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666248525000058 |
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