Changes in Chemical Composition, Sources, and Health Risk of PM2.5 with Sand Storm at a Small City in North China
Abstract Sand storm (SS) is highly concerned based on its adverse impacts on environment and health. A field observation was conducted in Dingxing County within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 16 March to 9 April 2021 covering two SS episodes to evaluate the SS impacts on PM2.5 components, hea...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220114 |
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| author | Jihong Wei Ting Hou Zhiyong Li Songtao Guo Zhenxin Li |
| author_facet | Jihong Wei Ting Hou Zhiyong Li Songtao Guo Zhenxin Li |
| author_sort | Jihong Wei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Sand storm (SS) is highly concerned based on its adverse impacts on environment and health. A field observation was conducted in Dingxing County within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 16 March to 9 April 2021 covering two SS episodes to evaluate the SS impacts on PM2.5 components, health risks, and sources. From the non-SS period (NSSP) to the SS period (SSP), more increase was found in PM10 (114–300 µg m−3) than PM2.5 (61.5–75.2 µg m−3), suggesting the obvious increment of coarse particles (PM2.5–10) in the SSP. PM2.5 reconstruction indicated that higher dust of 54.0 µg m−3 and trace element oxides (TEO) of 0.234 µg m−3 were found in the SSP, evidencing their immigration from the sand dust. In consequence, the elevated exposure risks via inhalation including carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic were found in the SSP. More attention should be paid to high non-carcinogenic risks of 2.49 for adults and children in the SSP. Again, the concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and secondary organic carbon (SOC) increased in the SSP, especially in the case of SOC. High usage of coal and biomass for heating purpose in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia might be an explanation. However, the mass contributions of nine water-soluble ions to PM2.5 decreased from 54.0% to 33.5% due to their low contents in sand dust. Seven sources including construction dust (CD), biomass burning (BB), secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA), industrial emissions (IN), vehicle emissions (VE), coal combustion (CC), and soil dust (SD) were recognized by positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. SD was the biggest contributor in the SSP and accounted for 68.8% of the PM2.5 mass. VE contributed highest to PM2.5 in NSSP, indicating the effective emission control on industries and coal combustion. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9474de596464481c998e2f6b8f77b316 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-9474de596464481c998e2f6b8f77b3162025-02-09T12:17:16ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092022-05-0122611310.4209/aaqr.220114Changes in Chemical Composition, Sources, and Health Risk of PM2.5 with Sand Storm at a Small City in North ChinaJihong Wei0Ting Hou1Zhiyong Li2Songtao Guo3Zhenxin Li4Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei UniversityHebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power UniversityHebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power UniversityHebei Key Lab of Power Plant Flue Gas Multi-Pollutants Control, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, North China Electric Power UniversityAbstract Sand storm (SS) is highly concerned based on its adverse impacts on environment and health. A field observation was conducted in Dingxing County within the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region from 16 March to 9 April 2021 covering two SS episodes to evaluate the SS impacts on PM2.5 components, health risks, and sources. From the non-SS period (NSSP) to the SS period (SSP), more increase was found in PM10 (114–300 µg m−3) than PM2.5 (61.5–75.2 µg m−3), suggesting the obvious increment of coarse particles (PM2.5–10) in the SSP. PM2.5 reconstruction indicated that higher dust of 54.0 µg m−3 and trace element oxides (TEO) of 0.234 µg m−3 were found in the SSP, evidencing their immigration from the sand dust. In consequence, the elevated exposure risks via inhalation including carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic were found in the SSP. More attention should be paid to high non-carcinogenic risks of 2.49 for adults and children in the SSP. Again, the concentrations of organic carbon (OC) and secondary organic carbon (SOC) increased in the SSP, especially in the case of SOC. High usage of coal and biomass for heating purpose in Mongolia and Inner Mongolia might be an explanation. However, the mass contributions of nine water-soluble ions to PM2.5 decreased from 54.0% to 33.5% due to their low contents in sand dust. Seven sources including construction dust (CD), biomass burning (BB), secondary inorganic aerosols (SIA), industrial emissions (IN), vehicle emissions (VE), coal combustion (CC), and soil dust (SD) were recognized by positive matrix factorization (PMF) model. SD was the biggest contributor in the SSP and accounted for 68.8% of the PM2.5 mass. VE contributed highest to PM2.5 in NSSP, indicating the effective emission control on industries and coal combustion.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220114Sand stormPM2.5Beijing-Tianjin-HebeiPositive matrix factorizationExposure risk |
| spellingShingle | Jihong Wei Ting Hou Zhiyong Li Songtao Guo Zhenxin Li Changes in Chemical Composition, Sources, and Health Risk of PM2.5 with Sand Storm at a Small City in North China Aerosol and Air Quality Research Sand storm PM2.5 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Positive matrix factorization Exposure risk |
| title | Changes in Chemical Composition, Sources, and Health Risk of PM2.5 with Sand Storm at a Small City in North China |
| title_full | Changes in Chemical Composition, Sources, and Health Risk of PM2.5 with Sand Storm at a Small City in North China |
| title_fullStr | Changes in Chemical Composition, Sources, and Health Risk of PM2.5 with Sand Storm at a Small City in North China |
| title_full_unstemmed | Changes in Chemical Composition, Sources, and Health Risk of PM2.5 with Sand Storm at a Small City in North China |
| title_short | Changes in Chemical Composition, Sources, and Health Risk of PM2.5 with Sand Storm at a Small City in North China |
| title_sort | changes in chemical composition sources and health risk of pm2 5 with sand storm at a small city in north china |
| topic | Sand storm PM2.5 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Positive matrix factorization Exposure risk |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220114 |
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