Target Detection Using Fused Unidentical Photonics-Based LFM Sub-Band Radar Signals With an Adaptive Feed Forward Network Equalizer
To address the challenges of costly frontend high frequency opto-electronics devices and the requirement of high bandwidth for improved range, resolution several band fusion techniques are proposed in this work. However, conventional band fusion techniques fuse the bands with identical bandwidth and...
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10855429/ |
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| author | Bikash Nakarmi S. M. Rezwanul Islam Hum Nath Parajuli Ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu Aigerim Ashimbayeva Carlo Molardi T. D. Subash Xiangchuan Wang Shilong Pan |
| author_facet | Bikash Nakarmi S. M. Rezwanul Islam Hum Nath Parajuli Ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu Aigerim Ashimbayeva Carlo Molardi T. D. Subash Xiangchuan Wang Shilong Pan |
| author_sort | Bikash Nakarmi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To address the challenges of costly frontend high frequency opto-electronics devices and the requirement of high bandwidth for improved range, resolution several band fusion techniques are proposed in this work. However, conventional band fusion techniques fuse the bands with identical bandwidth and same chirp rates. This paper proposes and experimentally demonstrates sub-bands fusion of photonically generated linear frequency modulated (Ph-LFM) radar signals with unidentical bandwidth and chirp rates using an adaptive, delay-less feed-forward network equalizer (FFNE). We demonstrate this using optical injection in a semiconductor laser to generate Ph-LFM signals at different IEEE X-KA radar sub-bands: 19.25–23.94 GHz and 24.06–28.31 GHz (bandgap 0.12 GHz), 19.69–23.06 GHz and 23.625–27 GHz (bandgap 0.56 GHz), and 8–11.5 GHz and 12.75–17 GHz (bandgap 1.25 GHz). Time-frequency analysis (TFA) was used to obtain sub-bandgap signals of 0.12 GHz, 0.56 GHz, and 1.25 GHz which are coherently fused using the FFNE with a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize complex-valued weights. The method is evaluated by measuring the range resolution and peak-to-sidelobe level (PSL) in detecting two objects separated by 2 cm and 3 cm. The FFNE achieves significant improvement over 10 dB in PSL and resolves previously unresolvable distances, with maximum range resolutions of 1.8 cm, 2.2 cm, and 2 cm, closely matching theoretical values for full-band LFM signals with bandwidth of 9.06 GHz, 7.31 GHz, and 9 GHz, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate the FFNE’s superior performance in enhancing range resolution and PSL in multi-sub-band radar systems compared to scenarios without FFNE. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-956c17e6d52242db9d5179f1da0537e1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-956c17e6d52242db9d5179f1da0537e12025-02-11T00:01:26ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113240802409010.1109/ACCESS.2025.353547210855429Target Detection Using Fused Unidentical Photonics-Based LFM Sub-Band Radar Signals With an Adaptive Feed Forward Network EqualizerBikash Nakarmi0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6177-5641S. M. Rezwanul Islam1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6549-7519Hum Nath Parajuli2https://orcid.org/0009-0008-8230-5225Ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu3Aigerim Ashimbayeva4https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9861-6599Carlo Molardi5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9922-683XT. D. Subash6Xiangchuan Wang7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8112-1271Shilong Pan8https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2620-7272Key Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, ChinaIntegrated Device Solutions and Nanophotonics Laboratory, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, KazakhstanIntegrated Device Solutions and Nanophotonics Laboratory, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, KazakhstanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, KazakhstanDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, School of Engineering and Digital Sciences, Nazarbayev University, Astana, KazakhstanSchool of Marine Engineering Equipment, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, Zhejiang, ChinaKey Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, ChinaKey Laboratory of Radar Imaging and Microwave Photonics, Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, ChinaTo address the challenges of costly frontend high frequency opto-electronics devices and the requirement of high bandwidth for improved range, resolution several band fusion techniques are proposed in this work. However, conventional band fusion techniques fuse the bands with identical bandwidth and same chirp rates. This paper proposes and experimentally demonstrates sub-bands fusion of photonically generated linear frequency modulated (Ph-LFM) radar signals with unidentical bandwidth and chirp rates using an adaptive, delay-less feed-forward network equalizer (FFNE). We demonstrate this using optical injection in a semiconductor laser to generate Ph-LFM signals at different IEEE X-KA radar sub-bands: 19.25–23.94 GHz and 24.06–28.31 GHz (bandgap 0.12 GHz), 19.69–23.06 GHz and 23.625–27 GHz (bandgap 0.56 GHz), and 8–11.5 GHz and 12.75–17 GHz (bandgap 1.25 GHz). Time-frequency analysis (TFA) was used to obtain sub-bandgap signals of 0.12 GHz, 0.56 GHz, and 1.25 GHz which are coherently fused using the FFNE with a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to optimize complex-valued weights. The method is evaluated by measuring the range resolution and peak-to-sidelobe level (PSL) in detecting two objects separated by 2 cm and 3 cm. The FFNE achieves significant improvement over 10 dB in PSL and resolves previously unresolvable distances, with maximum range resolutions of 1.8 cm, 2.2 cm, and 2 cm, closely matching theoretical values for full-band LFM signals with bandwidth of 9.06 GHz, 7.31 GHz, and 9 GHz, respectively. Experimental results demonstrate the FFNE’s superior performance in enhancing range resolution and PSL in multi-sub-band radar systems compared to scenarios without FFNE.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10855429/Sub-band fusionphotonic radarlinear frequency modulationoptical injectionfeed-forward equalizercoherent processing |
| spellingShingle | Bikash Nakarmi S. M. Rezwanul Islam Hum Nath Parajuli Ikechi Augustine Ukaegbu Aigerim Ashimbayeva Carlo Molardi T. D. Subash Xiangchuan Wang Shilong Pan Target Detection Using Fused Unidentical Photonics-Based LFM Sub-Band Radar Signals With an Adaptive Feed Forward Network Equalizer IEEE Access Sub-band fusion photonic radar linear frequency modulation optical injection feed-forward equalizer coherent processing |
| title | Target Detection Using Fused Unidentical Photonics-Based LFM Sub-Band Radar Signals With an Adaptive Feed Forward Network Equalizer |
| title_full | Target Detection Using Fused Unidentical Photonics-Based LFM Sub-Band Radar Signals With an Adaptive Feed Forward Network Equalizer |
| title_fullStr | Target Detection Using Fused Unidentical Photonics-Based LFM Sub-Band Radar Signals With an Adaptive Feed Forward Network Equalizer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Target Detection Using Fused Unidentical Photonics-Based LFM Sub-Band Radar Signals With an Adaptive Feed Forward Network Equalizer |
| title_short | Target Detection Using Fused Unidentical Photonics-Based LFM Sub-Band Radar Signals With an Adaptive Feed Forward Network Equalizer |
| title_sort | target detection using fused unidentical photonics based lfm sub band radar signals with an adaptive feed forward network equalizer |
| topic | Sub-band fusion photonic radar linear frequency modulation optical injection feed-forward equalizer coherent processing |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10855429/ |
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