Assessment of the Personal Dose Received by School Children due to PM10 Air Pollution in Lisbon
Abstract Investigation of the personal dose caused by air pollution in children is important due to their vulnerability. Exposure to PM10 and its components, particularly certain metals, may pose significant health risks therefore many studies have focused on measuring the ambient indoor/outdoor PM1...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.01.0022 |
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| author | Eleftheria Chalvatzaki Sofia Eirini Chatoutsidou Vânia Martins Tiago Faria Evangelia Diapouli Manousos Manousakas Susana Marta Almeida Konstantinos Eleftheriadis Mihalis Lazaridis |
| author_facet | Eleftheria Chalvatzaki Sofia Eirini Chatoutsidou Vânia Martins Tiago Faria Evangelia Diapouli Manousos Manousakas Susana Marta Almeida Konstantinos Eleftheriadis Mihalis Lazaridis |
| author_sort | Eleftheria Chalvatzaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Investigation of the personal dose caused by air pollution in children is important due to their vulnerability. Exposure to PM10 and its components, particularly certain metals, may pose significant health risks therefore many studies have focused on measuring the ambient indoor/outdoor PM10 concentrations in school environments. However, little research has aimed at assessing the resultant personal dose. Hence, this study applied a dosimetry model (ExDoM2) to predict the personal dose received by students in five primary schools in Lisbon, Portugal. The calculations were performed for PM10 and PM10-bound metals, and the exposed subjects were assumed to be 10-year-old nose breathers. A realistic exposure scenario involving three different settings (the indoor home, indoor school and outdoor school microenvironments) was implemented for an exposure period of one week (Monday–Sunday). Although the students spent only 24% of their total time inside a school (vs. 73% at home), this environment contributed 44% on average to the weekly deposited dose of PM10, providing further evidence that indoor exposure at schools is a major contributor to the total dose. The modeling results showed that the cumulative deposited doses in the respiratory tract (RT) reached as high as 2,004 µg, 0.16 µg, 0.65 µg, 0.58 µg and 0.06 µg for PM10, Cr, Mn, Pb and Ni, respectively, after one week. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9b253673cec741d6a9e03c32f9306b13 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-9b253673cec741d6a9e03c32f9306b132025-02-09T12:18:46ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092020-04-012061384139710.4209/aaqr.2020.01.0022Assessment of the Personal Dose Received by School Children due to PM10 Air Pollution in LisbonEleftheria Chalvatzaki0Sofia Eirini Chatoutsidou1Vânia Martins2Tiago Faria3Evangelia Diapouli4Manousos Manousakas5Susana Marta Almeida6Konstantinos Eleftheriadis7Mihalis Lazaridis8School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of CreteSchool of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of CreteCentro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de LisboaCentro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de LisboaInstitute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, Environmental Radioactivity Lab, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”Institute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, Environmental Radioactivity Lab, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de LisboaInstitute of Nuclear & Radiological Sciences & Technology, Energy & Safety, Environmental Radioactivity Lab, N.C.S.R. “Demokritos”School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of CreteAbstract Investigation of the personal dose caused by air pollution in children is important due to their vulnerability. Exposure to PM10 and its components, particularly certain metals, may pose significant health risks therefore many studies have focused on measuring the ambient indoor/outdoor PM10 concentrations in school environments. However, little research has aimed at assessing the resultant personal dose. Hence, this study applied a dosimetry model (ExDoM2) to predict the personal dose received by students in five primary schools in Lisbon, Portugal. The calculations were performed for PM10 and PM10-bound metals, and the exposed subjects were assumed to be 10-year-old nose breathers. A realistic exposure scenario involving three different settings (the indoor home, indoor school and outdoor school microenvironments) was implemented for an exposure period of one week (Monday–Sunday). Although the students spent only 24% of their total time inside a school (vs. 73% at home), this environment contributed 44% on average to the weekly deposited dose of PM10, providing further evidence that indoor exposure at schools is a major contributor to the total dose. The modeling results showed that the cumulative deposited doses in the respiratory tract (RT) reached as high as 2,004 µg, 0.16 µg, 0.65 µg, 0.58 µg and 0.06 µg for PM10, Cr, Mn, Pb and Ni, respectively, after one week.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.01.0022Particulate matterMetalsChildSchoolDosimetry model |
| spellingShingle | Eleftheria Chalvatzaki Sofia Eirini Chatoutsidou Vânia Martins Tiago Faria Evangelia Diapouli Manousos Manousakas Susana Marta Almeida Konstantinos Eleftheriadis Mihalis Lazaridis Assessment of the Personal Dose Received by School Children due to PM10 Air Pollution in Lisbon Aerosol and Air Quality Research Particulate matter Metals Child School Dosimetry model |
| title | Assessment of the Personal Dose Received by School Children due to PM10 Air Pollution in Lisbon |
| title_full | Assessment of the Personal Dose Received by School Children due to PM10 Air Pollution in Lisbon |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of the Personal Dose Received by School Children due to PM10 Air Pollution in Lisbon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of the Personal Dose Received by School Children due to PM10 Air Pollution in Lisbon |
| title_short | Assessment of the Personal Dose Received by School Children due to PM10 Air Pollution in Lisbon |
| title_sort | assessment of the personal dose received by school children due to pm10 air pollution in lisbon |
| topic | Particulate matter Metals Child School Dosimetry model |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.2020.01.0022 |
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