The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes
Abstract Affection of vascular structures is a known complication in diabetes and prediabetes. Subclinical atherosclerosis begins to develop years before both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases become symptomatic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between circulating ox...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89220-9 |
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| author | Zeki Dogan Abdulhalim Senyigit Sinem Durmus Canan Duvarcı Remise Gelişgen Hafize Uzun Omur Tabak |
| author_facet | Zeki Dogan Abdulhalim Senyigit Sinem Durmus Canan Duvarcı Remise Gelişgen Hafize Uzun Omur Tabak |
| author_sort | Zeki Dogan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Affection of vascular structures is a known complication in diabetes and prediabetes. Subclinical atherosclerosis begins to develop years before both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases become symptomatic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between circulating oxidized LDL (oxLDL), soluble lectin-like oxidized LDL (sLOX)-1 and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with prediabetes and T2DM. We recruited 50 T2DM patients with macrovascular complications, 50 T2DM patients with uncomplicated, 50 prediabetes patients, and 50 healthy participants. The common carotid arteries were visualized by high-resolution B-mode carotid artery ultrasonography. Measurement of serum oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were assessed by using a commercially available human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was also calculated. Circulating LDL-C, oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients with macrovascular complications compared to control group, prediabetes and uncomplicated diabetes. There was significant difference, especially between the controls and the T2DM patients with macrovascular complications. The CIMT increased progressively from control through to T2DM. Both right and left CIMT also showed significant differences between the groups of prediabetes versus uncomplicated diabetes at p < 0.001 showing progressive increase in vascular involvement with progression of disease. There was a positive correlation between PCSK9 levels with LDL-C, oxLDL, sLOX-1, and CIMT. ROC curve analyses showed that PCSK9, as well as oxLDL and LOX-1, was a strong predictor of T2DM with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we found that oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were significantly associated with carotid intima-media thickness. Our findings suggest that these biomarkers may be used as potential markers for the assessment of cardiovascular risk in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-9c98ec1b8e7e47b6a710caec60c82e0b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| spelling | doaj-art-9c98ec1b8e7e47b6a710caec60c82e0b2025-02-09T12:35:39ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111210.1038/s41598-025-89220-9The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetesZeki Dogan0Abdulhalim Senyigit1Sinem Durmus2Canan Duvarcı3Remise Gelişgen4Hafize Uzun5Omur Tabak6Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas UniversityDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Katip Celebi UniversityDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- CerrahpasaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University- CerrahpasaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Atlas UniversityDepartment of Internal Medicine, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences UniversityAbstract Affection of vascular structures is a known complication in diabetes and prediabetes. Subclinical atherosclerosis begins to develop years before both cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases become symptomatic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between circulating oxidized LDL (oxLDL), soluble lectin-like oxidized LDL (sLOX)-1 and proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) levels and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) in patients with prediabetes and T2DM. We recruited 50 T2DM patients with macrovascular complications, 50 T2DM patients with uncomplicated, 50 prediabetes patients, and 50 healthy participants. The common carotid arteries were visualized by high-resolution B-mode carotid artery ultrasonography. Measurement of serum oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were assessed by using a commercially available human enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was also calculated. Circulating LDL-C, oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were significantly higher in T2DM patients with macrovascular complications compared to control group, prediabetes and uncomplicated diabetes. There was significant difference, especially between the controls and the T2DM patients with macrovascular complications. The CIMT increased progressively from control through to T2DM. Both right and left CIMT also showed significant differences between the groups of prediabetes versus uncomplicated diabetes at p < 0.001 showing progressive increase in vascular involvement with progression of disease. There was a positive correlation between PCSK9 levels with LDL-C, oxLDL, sLOX-1, and CIMT. ROC curve analyses showed that PCSK9, as well as oxLDL and LOX-1, was a strong predictor of T2DM with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, we found that oxLDL, sLOX-1 and PCSK9 levels were significantly associated with carotid intima-media thickness. Our findings suggest that these biomarkers may be used as potential markers for the assessment of cardiovascular risk in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89220-9T2DMPrediabetesCarotid intima-media thicknessoxLDLLOX-1PCSK9 |
| spellingShingle | Zeki Dogan Abdulhalim Senyigit Sinem Durmus Canan Duvarcı Remise Gelişgen Hafize Uzun Omur Tabak The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes Scientific Reports T2DM Prediabetes Carotid intima-media thickness oxLDL LOX-1 PCSK9 |
| title | The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes |
| title_full | The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes |
| title_fullStr | The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes |
| title_full_unstemmed | The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes |
| title_short | The relationship between oxLDL, sLOX-1, PCSK9 and carotid intima-media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes |
| title_sort | relationship between oxldl slox 1 pcsk9 and carotid intima media thickness in patients with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes |
| topic | T2DM Prediabetes Carotid intima-media thickness oxLDL LOX-1 PCSK9 |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-89220-9 |
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