Eating difficulties among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors: prevalence, correlates, and association with quality of life
Abstract Background Eating ability is central to human existence and survival, societal acceptance, life satisfaction, and social participation. Although eating difficulties (EDs) are common after stroke, few studies are reporting their impact on the quality of life (QoL) of stroke survivors. This s...
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2025-02-01
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21749-w |
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| author | Adekola B. Ademoyegun Adebukola G. Ibitoye Wasiu A. Rasaq Oluwafunmilayo A. Adeniyi David O. Fabuluje Israel A. Ojo Taofeek O. Awotidebe Chidozie E. Mbada |
| author_facet | Adekola B. Ademoyegun Adebukola G. Ibitoye Wasiu A. Rasaq Oluwafunmilayo A. Adeniyi David O. Fabuluje Israel A. Ojo Taofeek O. Awotidebe Chidozie E. Mbada |
| author_sort | Adekola B. Ademoyegun |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Eating ability is central to human existence and survival, societal acceptance, life satisfaction, and social participation. Although eating difficulties (EDs) are common after stroke, few studies are reporting their impact on the quality of life (QoL) of stroke survivors. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, correlates, and association of EDs with QoL among stroke survivors. Methods A cross-sectional study on 233 (Mean age: 59.6 ± 10.9 years; 52.8% female) Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors attending rehabilitation at three public hospitals was conducted. The Minimal Eating Observation Form– version II and WHOQOL-BREF were used to collect data on EDs and QoL respectively. Socio-demographic, stroke-related, and clinical characteristics of patients were assessed using structured questionnaires. The association of EDs with each domain of WHOQOL-BREF (physical health, psychological health, social relationships, environmental health, perceived health status, and overall QoL) was assessed with hierarchical regression analyses. Results The majority (60.9%) of stroke survivors had at least one form of ED. Among the three types of EDs assessed, difficulty with energy/appetite (45.1%) was the most prevalent, followed by difficulty with ingestion (43.8%) and deglutition (40.8%). The results showed that EDs were associated with haemorrhagic stroke (r = 0.158; p = 0.016), right-sided hemiplegia (r = 0.172; p = 0.008), increasing stroke severity (r = 0.466; p < 0.001), increasing co-morbidity (r = 0.384; p < 0.001), poor oral health (r = 0.511; p < 0.001), poor mental health (r = 0.260; p < 0.001), poor affected grip strength (r= -0.157; p = 0.016), poor nutritional status (r= -0.362; p < 0.001), low functional ability (r= -0.415; p < 0.001), and low social support (r= -0.257; p < 0.001). After adjustments, EDs independently explained 10.7% of the variance in psychological health (β= -0.467; p < 0.001), 4.7% in social relationships (β= -0.308; p < 0.001), 2.4% in perceived health status (β= -0.221; p = 0.002), and 7.4% in overall QoL (β= -0.383; p < 0.001). However, the variance accounted for by EDs in physical and environmental health domains was insignificant. Conclusion The prevalence of EDs among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors is high, which is associated with many stroke-related and clinical factors. Meanwhile, increasing in EDs is independently associated with reduced QoL among stroke survivors using WHOQOL-BREF. Emphasis on screening and management of EDs in stroke rehabilitation protocols may assist in improving survivors’ QoL. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a153cb901f784b2484007b37d4389c75 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj-art-a153cb901f784b2484007b37d4389c752025-02-09T12:57:31ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582025-02-0125111210.1186/s12889-025-21749-wEating difficulties among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors: prevalence, correlates, and association with quality of lifeAdekola B. Ademoyegun0Adebukola G. Ibitoye1Wasiu A. Rasaq2Oluwafunmilayo A. Adeniyi3David O. Fabuluje4Israel A. Ojo5Taofeek O. Awotidebe6Chidozie E. Mbada7Department of Physiotherapy, Osun State University Teaching HospitalDepartment of Physiotherapy, University of Medical SciencesDepartment of Physiotherapy, Osun State University Teaching HospitalDepartment of Physiotherapy, Osun State University Teaching HospitalDepartment of Physiotherapy, Osun State University Teaching HospitalDepartment of Physiotherapy, Osun State University Teaching HospitalDepartment of Medical Rehabilitation, Obafemi Awolowo UniversityDepartment of Health Professions, Manchester Metropolitan UniversityAbstract Background Eating ability is central to human existence and survival, societal acceptance, life satisfaction, and social participation. Although eating difficulties (EDs) are common after stroke, few studies are reporting their impact on the quality of life (QoL) of stroke survivors. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, correlates, and association of EDs with QoL among stroke survivors. Methods A cross-sectional study on 233 (Mean age: 59.6 ± 10.9 years; 52.8% female) Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors attending rehabilitation at three public hospitals was conducted. The Minimal Eating Observation Form– version II and WHOQOL-BREF were used to collect data on EDs and QoL respectively. Socio-demographic, stroke-related, and clinical characteristics of patients were assessed using structured questionnaires. The association of EDs with each domain of WHOQOL-BREF (physical health, psychological health, social relationships, environmental health, perceived health status, and overall QoL) was assessed with hierarchical regression analyses. Results The majority (60.9%) of stroke survivors had at least one form of ED. Among the three types of EDs assessed, difficulty with energy/appetite (45.1%) was the most prevalent, followed by difficulty with ingestion (43.8%) and deglutition (40.8%). The results showed that EDs were associated with haemorrhagic stroke (r = 0.158; p = 0.016), right-sided hemiplegia (r = 0.172; p = 0.008), increasing stroke severity (r = 0.466; p < 0.001), increasing co-morbidity (r = 0.384; p < 0.001), poor oral health (r = 0.511; p < 0.001), poor mental health (r = 0.260; p < 0.001), poor affected grip strength (r= -0.157; p = 0.016), poor nutritional status (r= -0.362; p < 0.001), low functional ability (r= -0.415; p < 0.001), and low social support (r= -0.257; p < 0.001). After adjustments, EDs independently explained 10.7% of the variance in psychological health (β= -0.467; p < 0.001), 4.7% in social relationships (β= -0.308; p < 0.001), 2.4% in perceived health status (β= -0.221; p = 0.002), and 7.4% in overall QoL (β= -0.383; p < 0.001). However, the variance accounted for by EDs in physical and environmental health domains was insignificant. Conclusion The prevalence of EDs among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors is high, which is associated with many stroke-related and clinical factors. Meanwhile, increasing in EDs is independently associated with reduced QoL among stroke survivors using WHOQOL-BREF. Emphasis on screening and management of EDs in stroke rehabilitation protocols may assist in improving survivors’ QoL.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21749-wFoodHealth statusDaily activityDysphagiaMalnutrition |
| spellingShingle | Adekola B. Ademoyegun Adebukola G. Ibitoye Wasiu A. Rasaq Oluwafunmilayo A. Adeniyi David O. Fabuluje Israel A. Ojo Taofeek O. Awotidebe Chidozie E. Mbada Eating difficulties among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors: prevalence, correlates, and association with quality of life BMC Public Health Food Health status Daily activity Dysphagia Malnutrition |
| title | Eating difficulties among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors: prevalence, correlates, and association with quality of life |
| title_full | Eating difficulties among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors: prevalence, correlates, and association with quality of life |
| title_fullStr | Eating difficulties among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors: prevalence, correlates, and association with quality of life |
| title_full_unstemmed | Eating difficulties among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors: prevalence, correlates, and association with quality of life |
| title_short | Eating difficulties among Nigerian community-dwelling stroke survivors: prevalence, correlates, and association with quality of life |
| title_sort | eating difficulties among nigerian community dwelling stroke survivors prevalence correlates and association with quality of life |
| topic | Food Health status Daily activity Dysphagia Malnutrition |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21749-w |
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