Cancer Burden Disease Attributable to PM2.5 and Health Risk by PM2.5-bound Toxic Species in Two Urban Chilean Municipalities
Abstract This study aimed to estimate the environmental cancer disease burden in adults attributable to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure using Ostro’s function methodology, and health risk indexes for particle-bound toxic chemicals through hazard quotients (HQ, HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220247 |
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| author | Ye Li Franz Muñoz-lbañéz Ana Maldonado-Alcaíno Darby Jack Beizhan Yan Li Xu Marco Acuña Manuel Leiva-Guzman Ana Valdés Dante D. Cáceres |
| author_facet | Ye Li Franz Muñoz-lbañéz Ana Maldonado-Alcaíno Darby Jack Beizhan Yan Li Xu Marco Acuña Manuel Leiva-Guzman Ana Valdés Dante D. Cáceres |
| author_sort | Ye Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract This study aimed to estimate the environmental cancer disease burden in adults attributable to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure using Ostro’s function methodology, and health risk indexes for particle-bound toxic chemicals through hazard quotients (HQ, HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR, CRI) indexes from EPA guidelines, of two urban Chilean Municipalities: Coyhaique and Independencia. Quantification of chemical species (OC, EC, metals, and PAHs) was done at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, USA. Modern carbon in OC and EC analysis showed that the principal source of PM2.5 emission in Coyhaique was firewood burning compared with Independencia. The total PAHs and B[a]P concentrations were 6.3 and 8.9 times higher in Coyhaique than in Independencia. In contrast, As and Pb levels were significantly greater in Independencia. The HI was 14.5 and 2.37 times the limit considered acceptable (HI > 1) in Coyhaique and Independencia, explained 92.45% by B[a]P and 66.99% by As, respectively. CRI exceeded the threshold (1 × 10−6) in Coyhaique and Independencia, explained by As (75.38%) plus B[a]P (20.30%) and As (97.01%). The attributable fraction (AF) of deaths due to lung cancer from long-term exposure to PM2.5 reached 54% (95% CI: 25–72) in Coyhaique vs. 43% (95% CI: 19–46) in Independencia. The AF for cardiopulmonary cancer were 40% (95% CI: 17–57) and 32% (95% CI: 12–46), respectively. A relevant fraction of the cancer cases and potential expected adverse effects would be attributable to long-term exposure to PM2.5 and the presence of chemical compounds bound to the particles. These results deserve further study to help guide policy in different environments, mainly carcinogenic PM2.5-bound toxic species from other emission sources, particularly firewood burning. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-a6cad1e5ade94ed7a5b66f4a4f130944 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
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| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-a6cad1e5ade94ed7a5b66f4a4f1309442025-02-09T12:18:14ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092022-11-01221212110.4209/aaqr.220247Cancer Burden Disease Attributable to PM2.5 and Health Risk by PM2.5-bound Toxic Species in Two Urban Chilean MunicipalitiesYe Li0Franz Muñoz-lbañéz1Ana Maldonado-Alcaíno2Darby Jack3Beizhan Yan4Li Xu5Marco Acuña6Manuel Leiva-Guzman7Ana Valdés8Dante D. Cáceres9Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal UniversityPrograma de Salud Ambiental, Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de ChilePrograma de Salud Ambiental, Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de ChileEnvironmental Health Sciences Department, Columbia University Mailman School of Public HealthLamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia UniversityWoods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionSecretaria Ministerial de Salud, Región de Aysén, CoyhaiqueDepartamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, ÑuñoaDepartamento de Tecnologías Nucleares, Division de Investigación y Aplicaciones Nucleares, Comisión Chilena de Energía NuclearPrograma de Salud Ambiental, Escuela de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de ChileAbstract This study aimed to estimate the environmental cancer disease burden in adults attributable to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure using Ostro’s function methodology, and health risk indexes for particle-bound toxic chemicals through hazard quotients (HQ, HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR, CRI) indexes from EPA guidelines, of two urban Chilean Municipalities: Coyhaique and Independencia. Quantification of chemical species (OC, EC, metals, and PAHs) was done at the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, USA. Modern carbon in OC and EC analysis showed that the principal source of PM2.5 emission in Coyhaique was firewood burning compared with Independencia. The total PAHs and B[a]P concentrations were 6.3 and 8.9 times higher in Coyhaique than in Independencia. In contrast, As and Pb levels were significantly greater in Independencia. The HI was 14.5 and 2.37 times the limit considered acceptable (HI > 1) in Coyhaique and Independencia, explained 92.45% by B[a]P and 66.99% by As, respectively. CRI exceeded the threshold (1 × 10−6) in Coyhaique and Independencia, explained by As (75.38%) plus B[a]P (20.30%) and As (97.01%). The attributable fraction (AF) of deaths due to lung cancer from long-term exposure to PM2.5 reached 54% (95% CI: 25–72) in Coyhaique vs. 43% (95% CI: 19–46) in Independencia. The AF for cardiopulmonary cancer were 40% (95% CI: 17–57) and 32% (95% CI: 12–46), respectively. A relevant fraction of the cancer cases and potential expected adverse effects would be attributable to long-term exposure to PM2.5 and the presence of chemical compounds bound to the particles. These results deserve further study to help guide policy in different environments, mainly carcinogenic PM2.5-bound toxic species from other emission sources, particularly firewood burning.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220247PM2.5Health risk assessmentBurden diseaseAttributable fractionToxic metalsPAHs |
| spellingShingle | Ye Li Franz Muñoz-lbañéz Ana Maldonado-Alcaíno Darby Jack Beizhan Yan Li Xu Marco Acuña Manuel Leiva-Guzman Ana Valdés Dante D. Cáceres Cancer Burden Disease Attributable to PM2.5 and Health Risk by PM2.5-bound Toxic Species in Two Urban Chilean Municipalities Aerosol and Air Quality Research PM2.5 Health risk assessment Burden disease Attributable fraction Toxic metals PAHs |
| title | Cancer Burden Disease Attributable to PM2.5 and Health Risk by PM2.5-bound Toxic Species in Two Urban Chilean Municipalities |
| title_full | Cancer Burden Disease Attributable to PM2.5 and Health Risk by PM2.5-bound Toxic Species in Two Urban Chilean Municipalities |
| title_fullStr | Cancer Burden Disease Attributable to PM2.5 and Health Risk by PM2.5-bound Toxic Species in Two Urban Chilean Municipalities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cancer Burden Disease Attributable to PM2.5 and Health Risk by PM2.5-bound Toxic Species in Two Urban Chilean Municipalities |
| title_short | Cancer Burden Disease Attributable to PM2.5 and Health Risk by PM2.5-bound Toxic Species in Two Urban Chilean Municipalities |
| title_sort | cancer burden disease attributable to pm2 5 and health risk by pm2 5 bound toxic species in two urban chilean municipalities |
| topic | PM2.5 Health risk assessment Burden disease Attributable fraction Toxic metals PAHs |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220247 |
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