Post-treatment of rat aflatoxicosis by camel milk and silymarin
BackgroundAflatoxins are highly potent mycotoxins that can seriously harm the health of humans and a variety of animal species. On the other hand, camel milk and silymarin offer a variety of positive effects for many animal species. In addition, camel milk and silymarin reduce the impact of AFB1 on...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1513105/full |
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| author | Nahla H. Hassaneen Shabaan A. Hemeda Abeer F. El Nahas Ghadeer M. Albadrani Muath Q. Al-Ghadi Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh Sabreen E. Fadl Eman M. El-Diasty Hader I. Sakr Hader I. Sakr |
| author_facet | Nahla H. Hassaneen Shabaan A. Hemeda Abeer F. El Nahas Ghadeer M. Albadrani Muath Q. Al-Ghadi Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh Sabreen E. Fadl Eman M. El-Diasty Hader I. Sakr Hader I. Sakr |
| author_sort | Nahla H. Hassaneen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundAflatoxins are highly potent mycotoxins that can seriously harm the health of humans and a variety of animal species. On the other hand, camel milk and silymarin offer a variety of positive effects for many animal species. In addition, camel milk and silymarin reduce the impact of AFB1 on the hematology, serum biochemical markers, histopathology of the liver and testes, and expression of the inflammatory, antioxidant, and male reproductive genes.Methods40 rats were used to evaluate the beneficial effect of silymarin and camel milk against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity in rats. The classified treatments were the control negative (no treatment) and the control positive (supplied with 1.4 mg aflatoxin/kg diet) for 28 days. Camel milk group (supplied with 1.4 mg aflatoxin/kg diet) for 28 days and camel milk (1 milliliter of camel milk per kilogram of body weight) orally, from day 29 to day 43). Silymarin (supplied with 1.4 mg aflatoxin/kg diet) for 28 days and silymarin (20 mg silymarin/kg b.wt), orally, from day 29 to day 43). The evaluation was done through measuring leukocyte count, liver function tests, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), ferritin, and testosterone. Moreover, the histopathology of the liver and testes was done along with expression levels of specific genes in the liver and testes.ResultsThe outcomes showed that the post-treatment with silymarin and camel milk improved biochemical markers in serum and ability to reproduce.ConclusionIn conclusion, post-treatment with camel milk and silymarin could mitigate the negative effect of AFB1 on rats. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-b1b59c57b3f041119fb142d0d588ee8b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1663-9812 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Pharmacology |
| spelling | doaj-art-b1b59c57b3f041119fb142d0d588ee8b2025-02-11T06:59:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pharmacology1663-98122025-02-011610.3389/fphar.2025.15131051513105Post-treatment of rat aflatoxicosis by camel milk and silymarinNahla H. Hassaneen0Shabaan A. Hemeda1Abeer F. El Nahas2Ghadeer M. Albadrani3Muath Q. Al-Ghadi4Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh5Sabreen E. Fadl6Eman M. El-Diasty7Hader I. Sakr8Hader I. Sakr9Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, EgyptDepartment of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EgyptDepartment of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, EgyptDepartment of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi ArabiaBiochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Matrouh University, Matrouh, EgyptMycology Department, Animal Health Research Institute Dokki, Giza (ARC), Giza, EgyptDepartment of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, EgyptDepartment of Medical Physiology, General Medicine Practice Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jedda, Saudi ArabiaBackgroundAflatoxins are highly potent mycotoxins that can seriously harm the health of humans and a variety of animal species. On the other hand, camel milk and silymarin offer a variety of positive effects for many animal species. In addition, camel milk and silymarin reduce the impact of AFB1 on the hematology, serum biochemical markers, histopathology of the liver and testes, and expression of the inflammatory, antioxidant, and male reproductive genes.Methods40 rats were used to evaluate the beneficial effect of silymarin and camel milk against aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) toxicity in rats. The classified treatments were the control negative (no treatment) and the control positive (supplied with 1.4 mg aflatoxin/kg diet) for 28 days. Camel milk group (supplied with 1.4 mg aflatoxin/kg diet) for 28 days and camel milk (1 milliliter of camel milk per kilogram of body weight) orally, from day 29 to day 43). Silymarin (supplied with 1.4 mg aflatoxin/kg diet) for 28 days and silymarin (20 mg silymarin/kg b.wt), orally, from day 29 to day 43). The evaluation was done through measuring leukocyte count, liver function tests, carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), ferritin, and testosterone. Moreover, the histopathology of the liver and testes was done along with expression levels of specific genes in the liver and testes.ResultsThe outcomes showed that the post-treatment with silymarin and camel milk improved biochemical markers in serum and ability to reproduce.ConclusionIn conclusion, post-treatment with camel milk and silymarin could mitigate the negative effect of AFB1 on rats.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1513105/fullaflatoxin B1post-treatmentcamel milksilymarinserum biochemistrygene expression |
| spellingShingle | Nahla H. Hassaneen Shabaan A. Hemeda Abeer F. El Nahas Ghadeer M. Albadrani Muath Q. Al-Ghadi Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh Sabreen E. Fadl Eman M. El-Diasty Hader I. Sakr Hader I. Sakr Post-treatment of rat aflatoxicosis by camel milk and silymarin Frontiers in Pharmacology aflatoxin B1 post-treatment camel milk silymarin serum biochemistry gene expression |
| title | Post-treatment of rat aflatoxicosis by camel milk and silymarin |
| title_full | Post-treatment of rat aflatoxicosis by camel milk and silymarin |
| title_fullStr | Post-treatment of rat aflatoxicosis by camel milk and silymarin |
| title_full_unstemmed | Post-treatment of rat aflatoxicosis by camel milk and silymarin |
| title_short | Post-treatment of rat aflatoxicosis by camel milk and silymarin |
| title_sort | post treatment of rat aflatoxicosis by camel milk and silymarin |
| topic | aflatoxin B1 post-treatment camel milk silymarin serum biochemistry gene expression |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2025.1513105/full |
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