Mechanical properties and mechanism of damage and deterioration of coal under cyclic loading
Abstract To analyze the mechanical characteristics of damaged coal bodies and the mechanisms of evolution and degradation of internal pore and fracture defects under cyclic loads, raw coal containing original pore and fracture materials was selected as the research material. This study investigates...
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Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88577-1 |
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| author | Ziwei Ding Qingbao Tang Xinwei Gong Jindui Jia Guangqing Di Long Chen |
| author_facet | Ziwei Ding Qingbao Tang Xinwei Gong Jindui Jia Guangqing Di Long Chen |
| author_sort | Ziwei Ding |
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| description | Abstract To analyze the mechanical characteristics of damaged coal bodies and the mechanisms of evolution and degradation of internal pore and fracture defects under cyclic loads, raw coal containing original pore and fracture materials was selected as the research material. This study investigates the impact of cyclic loading on the mechanical properties of damaged coal and the evolution of flaw structures, such as pores and cracks, within the coal. A micro-fracture size judgment index (C i ) was defined based on fracture volume to determine the dominant macroscopic failure mode in coal bodies. The results indicate that a “hysteresis loop” forms in the loading and unloading curves of each cycle due to cyclic loading. During the cyclic loading and unloading phase, both the loading elastic modulus and the damage parameters of coal samples increase proportionally with the level of loading and the number of cycles. In the constant amplitude cyclic loading and unloading phase, there is minimal variation in the loading elastic modulus and damage parameters of coal samples, indicating their stability. As micro-scale fractures evolve within the coal body, pores with a volume less than 109 μm3 decrease with increasing cyclic loading and unloading during amplification cycles but remain relatively stable during equal amplitude cyclic loading phases. The contribution rate of damage to fractures with a volume between 109 and 1011 μm3 increases with higher load levels and cyclic loading/unloading during both amplification and equal amplitude cycles. The minimum order of magnitude for fracture volume that dominates macroscopic failure in the coal body is determined to be 109 and 1010 μm3. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-bdd1c1b27d2948fbb5bf2e50a1f4d387 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
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| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-bdd1c1b27d2948fbb5bf2e50a1f4d3872025-02-09T12:36:29ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-0115111410.1038/s41598-025-88577-1Mechanical properties and mechanism of damage and deterioration of coal under cyclic loadingZiwei Ding0Qingbao Tang1Xinwei Gong2Jindui Jia3Guangqing Di4Long Chen5College of Energy Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyCollege of Energy Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyCollege of Energy Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyCollege of Energy Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and TechnologyShaanxi Coal Hancheng Mining Co., Ltd.Shaanxi Coal Hancheng Mining Co., Ltd.Abstract To analyze the mechanical characteristics of damaged coal bodies and the mechanisms of evolution and degradation of internal pore and fracture defects under cyclic loads, raw coal containing original pore and fracture materials was selected as the research material. This study investigates the impact of cyclic loading on the mechanical properties of damaged coal and the evolution of flaw structures, such as pores and cracks, within the coal. A micro-fracture size judgment index (C i ) was defined based on fracture volume to determine the dominant macroscopic failure mode in coal bodies. The results indicate that a “hysteresis loop” forms in the loading and unloading curves of each cycle due to cyclic loading. During the cyclic loading and unloading phase, both the loading elastic modulus and the damage parameters of coal samples increase proportionally with the level of loading and the number of cycles. In the constant amplitude cyclic loading and unloading phase, there is minimal variation in the loading elastic modulus and damage parameters of coal samples, indicating their stability. As micro-scale fractures evolve within the coal body, pores with a volume less than 109 μm3 decrease with increasing cyclic loading and unloading during amplification cycles but remain relatively stable during equal amplitude cyclic loading phases. The contribution rate of damage to fractures with a volume between 109 and 1011 μm3 increases with higher load levels and cyclic loading/unloading during both amplification and equal amplitude cycles. The minimum order of magnitude for fracture volume that dominates macroscopic failure in the coal body is determined to be 109 and 1010 μm3.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88577-1Cyclic loading and unloadingDamaged coal bodyCrack evolutionMain crack size |
| spellingShingle | Ziwei Ding Qingbao Tang Xinwei Gong Jindui Jia Guangqing Di Long Chen Mechanical properties and mechanism of damage and deterioration of coal under cyclic loading Scientific Reports Cyclic loading and unloading Damaged coal body Crack evolution Main crack size |
| title | Mechanical properties and mechanism of damage and deterioration of coal under cyclic loading |
| title_full | Mechanical properties and mechanism of damage and deterioration of coal under cyclic loading |
| title_fullStr | Mechanical properties and mechanism of damage and deterioration of coal under cyclic loading |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mechanical properties and mechanism of damage and deterioration of coal under cyclic loading |
| title_short | Mechanical properties and mechanism of damage and deterioration of coal under cyclic loading |
| title_sort | mechanical properties and mechanism of damage and deterioration of coal under cyclic loading |
| topic | Cyclic loading and unloading Damaged coal body Crack evolution Main crack size |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-88577-1 |
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