Similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlands
Plants play a key role in the ecological restoration of urban wetlands. Previous studies have shown that heavy-metal accumulation capacities and adaptation strategies of wetland plants may be related to their life forms. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of nit...
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Elsevier
2025-01-01
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| Series: | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324016622 |
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| author | Zhenzuo Lei Yuan Jiang Yanqiong Meng Yiyong Li Yucong Li Tao Hu Yanjun Ma |
| author_facet | Zhenzuo Lei Yuan Jiang Yanqiong Meng Yiyong Li Yucong Li Tao Hu Yanjun Ma |
| author_sort | Zhenzuo Lei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plants play a key role in the ecological restoration of urban wetlands. Previous studies have shown that heavy-metal accumulation capacities and adaptation strategies of wetland plants may be related to their life forms. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) on the adaptation strategies of two evergreen and deciduous aquatic iris life forms under cadmium (Cd) stress. Our results showed that Cd stress decreased the gas exchange parameters and biomass in both evergreen and deciduous irises. However, the interactions between N and Cd reversed this effect. Specifically, for deciduous irises, the shoot mass (SM) and root-to-shoot ratio (S/R) increased with higher N concentrations, whereas in evergreen irises, these parameters initially increased and then decreased as N levels increased, suggesting that the two life forms have different efficiencies in utilizing N. Additionally, under the combined stress of N and Cd, evergreen irises exhibited higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content and antioxidant enzyme activity than deciduous irises, whereas deciduous irises had higher chlorophyll content and aboveground biomass. These findings suggest that evergreen and deciduous irises employ distinct adaptive strategies to Cd toxicity; evergreen irises mitigate oxidative stress through enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, whereas deciduous irises dilute Cd toxicity by increasing biomass. These results provide valuable insight into the use of different aquatic iris life forms for heavy-metal pollution remediation in wetlands. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-c415fd36644a4c759a58f6516bd79719 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 0147-6513 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
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| series | Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety |
| spelling | doaj-art-c415fd36644a4c759a58f6516bd797192025-02-12T05:29:54ZengElsevierEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety0147-65132025-01-01290117586Similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlandsZhenzuo Lei0Yuan Jiang1Yanqiong Meng2Yiyong Li3Yucong Li4Tao Hu5Yanjun Ma6School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei 230036, ChinaSchool of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei 230036, ChinaSchool of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei 230036, China; Corresponding author.School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Changjiang West Road 130, Shushan District, Hefei 230036, ChinaCollege of Environment and Ecology, Jiangsu Open University, Nanjing 210017, ChinaInternational Center for Bamboo and Rattan, No. 8, Futong Eastern Avenue, Wangjing Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, ChinaInternational Center for Bamboo and Rattan, No. 8, Futong Eastern Avenue, Wangjing Area, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100102, ChinaPlants play a key role in the ecological restoration of urban wetlands. Previous studies have shown that heavy-metal accumulation capacities and adaptation strategies of wetland plants may be related to their life forms. In this study, pot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) on the adaptation strategies of two evergreen and deciduous aquatic iris life forms under cadmium (Cd) stress. Our results showed that Cd stress decreased the gas exchange parameters and biomass in both evergreen and deciduous irises. However, the interactions between N and Cd reversed this effect. Specifically, for deciduous irises, the shoot mass (SM) and root-to-shoot ratio (S/R) increased with higher N concentrations, whereas in evergreen irises, these parameters initially increased and then decreased as N levels increased, suggesting that the two life forms have different efficiencies in utilizing N. Additionally, under the combined stress of N and Cd, evergreen irises exhibited higher malondialdehyde (MDA) content and antioxidant enzyme activity than deciduous irises, whereas deciduous irises had higher chlorophyll content and aboveground biomass. These findings suggest that evergreen and deciduous irises employ distinct adaptive strategies to Cd toxicity; evergreen irises mitigate oxidative stress through enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, whereas deciduous irises dilute Cd toxicity by increasing biomass. These results provide valuable insight into the use of different aquatic iris life forms for heavy-metal pollution remediation in wetlands.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324016622Evergreen and deciduous irisesN–Cd interactionCd toleranceWetland phytoremediationAntioxidant enzymesBiomass allocation |
| spellingShingle | Zhenzuo Lei Yuan Jiang Yanqiong Meng Yiyong Li Yucong Li Tao Hu Yanjun Ma Similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlands Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Evergreen and deciduous irises N–Cd interaction Cd tolerance Wetland phytoremediation Antioxidant enzymes Biomass allocation |
| title | Similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlands |
| title_full | Similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlands |
| title_fullStr | Similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlands |
| title_full_unstemmed | Similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlands |
| title_short | Similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlands |
| title_sort | similarities and differences in physiological adaptation to cadmium interactions with nitrogen levels between two aquatic iris life forms in urban wetlands |
| topic | Evergreen and deciduous irises N–Cd interaction Cd tolerance Wetland phytoremediation Antioxidant enzymes Biomass allocation |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651324016622 |
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