Fine Particulate Matter Deposition in 3D Out-of-Plane Bifurcation Lung Airway
Abstract Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) produced from traffic-loaded urban areas, combustion processes during industrial processes, and dust resuspension during mechanical disturbances may cause considerable health hazards when it is inhaled, owing to an enhanced accumulation of this particulate ma...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220392 |
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| author | Chun-Chih Chuang Justus Kavita Mutuku Chih-Che Chueh Anurita Selvarajoo Wei-Hsin Chen |
| author_facet | Chun-Chih Chuang Justus Kavita Mutuku Chih-Che Chueh Anurita Selvarajoo Wei-Hsin Chen |
| author_sort | Chun-Chih Chuang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) produced from traffic-loaded urban areas, combustion processes during industrial processes, and dust resuspension during mechanical disturbances may cause considerable health hazards when it is inhaled, owing to an enhanced accumulation of this particulate material in the lung. While the in-plane airway structures of human lungs are usually used in numerical models, a 3D out-of-plane layout that can geometrically represent triple bifurcations airways of the so-called Weibel model is developed in the present study with the presence of fine particles inside. For in-plane airways, the centerlines of all generations always lie on the same plane. In contrast, 3D out-of-plane is typical of the centerline of each descendant generation that rotates 90° to the centerline of its grandmother generation. Given three different breathing conditions, ranging between 15 L min−1 and 60 L min−1, the sizes of the deposition particles considered herein vary from 0.3 µm to 0.75 µm. The numerical results are discussed in terms of the airflow patterns (e.g., streamlines and velocity contours and vectors), the particle deposition patterns, deposition fractions (DFs) in different sections of the lung, the correlation between Stokes number and total DFs, and the correlation between the total DFs and the PM2.5 diameters. The predictions in Generations 8 to 12 (G8–G12) reveal that deposition fractions (DFs) increase with respiration frequency and intensity. It is also observed that the more anterior the bronchus is, the more significant the particle deposition is, regardless of the respiratory state. Also, the total DF tends to increase as the particle size decreases. This will lead to the development of subsequent tracheal atrophy. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-de31ea39cdbd4d4f80ece9a162c9145b |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-de31ea39cdbd4d4f80ece9a162c9145b2025-02-09T12:22:19ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092023-04-0123712510.4209/aaqr.220392Fine Particulate Matter Deposition in 3D Out-of-Plane Bifurcation Lung AirwayChun-Chih Chuang0Justus Kavita Mutuku1Chih-Che Chueh2Anurita Selvarajoo3Wei-Hsin Chen4Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung UniversityInstitute of Environmental Toxin and Emerging-Contaminant, Cheng Shiu UniversityDepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung UniversityDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of Nottingham MalaysiaDepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung UniversityAbstract Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) produced from traffic-loaded urban areas, combustion processes during industrial processes, and dust resuspension during mechanical disturbances may cause considerable health hazards when it is inhaled, owing to an enhanced accumulation of this particulate material in the lung. While the in-plane airway structures of human lungs are usually used in numerical models, a 3D out-of-plane layout that can geometrically represent triple bifurcations airways of the so-called Weibel model is developed in the present study with the presence of fine particles inside. For in-plane airways, the centerlines of all generations always lie on the same plane. In contrast, 3D out-of-plane is typical of the centerline of each descendant generation that rotates 90° to the centerline of its grandmother generation. Given three different breathing conditions, ranging between 15 L min−1 and 60 L min−1, the sizes of the deposition particles considered herein vary from 0.3 µm to 0.75 µm. The numerical results are discussed in terms of the airflow patterns (e.g., streamlines and velocity contours and vectors), the particle deposition patterns, deposition fractions (DFs) in different sections of the lung, the correlation between Stokes number and total DFs, and the correlation between the total DFs and the PM2.5 diameters. The predictions in Generations 8 to 12 (G8–G12) reveal that deposition fractions (DFs) increase with respiration frequency and intensity. It is also observed that the more anterior the bronchus is, the more significant the particle deposition is, regardless of the respiratory state. Also, the total DF tends to increase as the particle size decreases. This will lead to the development of subsequent tracheal atrophy.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220392Bifurcation airwaysFine particulate matter (PM2.5)Out-of-planeComputational fluid dynamics (CFD)AerosolParticle deposition |
| spellingShingle | Chun-Chih Chuang Justus Kavita Mutuku Chih-Che Chueh Anurita Selvarajoo Wei-Hsin Chen Fine Particulate Matter Deposition in 3D Out-of-Plane Bifurcation Lung Airway Aerosol and Air Quality Research Bifurcation airways Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) Out-of-plane Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Aerosol Particle deposition |
| title | Fine Particulate Matter Deposition in 3D Out-of-Plane Bifurcation Lung Airway |
| title_full | Fine Particulate Matter Deposition in 3D Out-of-Plane Bifurcation Lung Airway |
| title_fullStr | Fine Particulate Matter Deposition in 3D Out-of-Plane Bifurcation Lung Airway |
| title_full_unstemmed | Fine Particulate Matter Deposition in 3D Out-of-Plane Bifurcation Lung Airway |
| title_short | Fine Particulate Matter Deposition in 3D Out-of-Plane Bifurcation Lung Airway |
| title_sort | fine particulate matter deposition in 3d out of plane bifurcation lung airway |
| topic | Bifurcation airways Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) Out-of-plane Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Aerosol Particle deposition |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.220392 |
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