Chemical Fingerprints for PM2.5 in the Ambient Air near a Raw Material Storage Site for Iron Ore, Coal, Limestone, and Sinter
Abstract To understand the contributions of a raw material storage site for iron ore, coal, limestone, and sinter to ambient air fine particulate matter (PM2.5), the concentrations and chemical fingerprints for resuspended and ambient air PM2.5 were compared. Investigations were done for 15 piles of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Springer
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.200624 |
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| author | Kavita Justus Mutuku Yen-Yi Lee Guo-Ping Chang-Chien Sheng-Lun Lin Wei-Hsin Chen Wen-Che Hou |
| author_facet | Kavita Justus Mutuku Yen-Yi Lee Guo-Ping Chang-Chien Sheng-Lun Lin Wei-Hsin Chen Wen-Che Hou |
| author_sort | Kavita Justus Mutuku |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract To understand the contributions of a raw material storage site for iron ore, coal, limestone, and sinter to ambient air fine particulate matter (PM2.5), the concentrations and chemical fingerprints for resuspended and ambient air PM2.5 were compared. Investigations were done for 15 piles of raw materials, including 5 iron piles, 5 coal piles, 3 stone piles, and a single pile each for coke and sinter. Additionally, four sites, including A, B, C, and D, in the storage site surroundings were chosen to investigate the ambient air PM2.5 concentrations. The concentrations, compositions, and i and j values for PM2.5 varied significantly by season in the four sites under investigation. The chemical fingerprints of the PM2.5 showed that water-soluble ions were the most important component in all sites. Specifically, SO4 − and NO3 – were the predominant water-soluble ions in winter and summer, respectively. The most dominant components in the iron ore, coal, limestone, coke, and sinter piles were iron, carbon, Ca2+ and carbon, carbon and SO4 −, and Fe and Ca2+, respectively. During the summer, PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 13.7–18.0 µg m–3, where the chemical composition of water-soluble ions, metals, carbon accounted for 54.2%, 5.7%, and 23.7% respectively. During winter, the concentrations ranged from 44.7–48.0 µg m–3, where the water-soluble ions, metals, carbon components accounted for 49.2%, 8.1%, and 17.4% respectively. From the chemical mass balance, the main sources of PM2.5 in sites B, C, and D were stationary sources, mobile sources, and secondary organic aerosols. To effectively address the air pollution threat associated with the surroundings of a raw material storage site, the environmental protection agency should formulate measures to effectively reduce the contribution of resuspended dust and other pollution sources to ambient air PM2.5. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-dff83d53e00c4739806dcedb9136afa1 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 1680-8584 2071-1409 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2020-12-01 |
| publisher | Springer |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Aerosol and Air Quality Research |
| spelling | doaj-art-dff83d53e00c4739806dcedb9136afa12025-02-09T12:20:08ZengSpringerAerosol and Air Quality Research1680-85842071-14092020-12-0121311710.4209/aaqr.200624Chemical Fingerprints for PM2.5 in the Ambient Air near a Raw Material Storage Site for Iron Ore, Coal, Limestone, and SinterKavita Justus Mutuku0Yen-Yi Lee1Guo-Ping Chang-Chien2Sheng-Lun Lin3Wei-Hsin Chen4Wen-Che Hou5Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung UniversitySuper micro mass research and technology center, Cheng Shiu UniversitySuper micro mass research and technology center, Cheng Shiu UniversitySchool of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of TechnologyDepartment of Aeronautics and Astronautics, National Cheng Kung UniversityDepartment of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung UniversityAbstract To understand the contributions of a raw material storage site for iron ore, coal, limestone, and sinter to ambient air fine particulate matter (PM2.5), the concentrations and chemical fingerprints for resuspended and ambient air PM2.5 were compared. Investigations were done for 15 piles of raw materials, including 5 iron piles, 5 coal piles, 3 stone piles, and a single pile each for coke and sinter. Additionally, four sites, including A, B, C, and D, in the storage site surroundings were chosen to investigate the ambient air PM2.5 concentrations. The concentrations, compositions, and i and j values for PM2.5 varied significantly by season in the four sites under investigation. The chemical fingerprints of the PM2.5 showed that water-soluble ions were the most important component in all sites. Specifically, SO4 − and NO3 – were the predominant water-soluble ions in winter and summer, respectively. The most dominant components in the iron ore, coal, limestone, coke, and sinter piles were iron, carbon, Ca2+ and carbon, carbon and SO4 −, and Fe and Ca2+, respectively. During the summer, PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 13.7–18.0 µg m–3, where the chemical composition of water-soluble ions, metals, carbon accounted for 54.2%, 5.7%, and 23.7% respectively. During winter, the concentrations ranged from 44.7–48.0 µg m–3, where the water-soluble ions, metals, carbon components accounted for 49.2%, 8.1%, and 17.4% respectively. From the chemical mass balance, the main sources of PM2.5 in sites B, C, and D were stationary sources, mobile sources, and secondary organic aerosols. To effectively address the air pollution threat associated with the surroundings of a raw material storage site, the environmental protection agency should formulate measures to effectively reduce the contribution of resuspended dust and other pollution sources to ambient air PM2.5.https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.200624PM2.5Chemical fingerprintsRaw materialsRe-suspensionSeasonal variation |
| spellingShingle | Kavita Justus Mutuku Yen-Yi Lee Guo-Ping Chang-Chien Sheng-Lun Lin Wei-Hsin Chen Wen-Che Hou Chemical Fingerprints for PM2.5 in the Ambient Air near a Raw Material Storage Site for Iron Ore, Coal, Limestone, and Sinter Aerosol and Air Quality Research PM2.5 Chemical fingerprints Raw materials Re-suspension Seasonal variation |
| title | Chemical Fingerprints for PM2.5 in the Ambient Air near a Raw Material Storage Site for Iron Ore, Coal, Limestone, and Sinter |
| title_full | Chemical Fingerprints for PM2.5 in the Ambient Air near a Raw Material Storage Site for Iron Ore, Coal, Limestone, and Sinter |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Fingerprints for PM2.5 in the Ambient Air near a Raw Material Storage Site for Iron Ore, Coal, Limestone, and Sinter |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Fingerprints for PM2.5 in the Ambient Air near a Raw Material Storage Site for Iron Ore, Coal, Limestone, and Sinter |
| title_short | Chemical Fingerprints for PM2.5 in the Ambient Air near a Raw Material Storage Site for Iron Ore, Coal, Limestone, and Sinter |
| title_sort | chemical fingerprints for pm2 5 in the ambient air near a raw material storage site for iron ore coal limestone and sinter |
| topic | PM2.5 Chemical fingerprints Raw materials Re-suspension Seasonal variation |
| url | https://doi.org/10.4209/aaqr.200624 |
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