Gemcitabine combined with baicalein exerts antiviral activity against PEDV by inhibiting the entry and replication phases
Abstract Cocktail therapy significantly reduces the development of resistance to individual medications due to viral mutations. However, for effective inhibition of a particular virus, a customized approach to combination pharmacotherapy may be essential. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2025-02-01
|
| Series: | Animal Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s44149-025-00157-y |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1823862697830121472 |
|---|---|
| author | Yingge Zheng Yanfei Zhang Fangying Xiong Dehua Luo Yuxiang Wang Yijia Zhang Dengguo Wei |
| author_facet | Yingge Zheng Yanfei Zhang Fangying Xiong Dehua Luo Yuxiang Wang Yijia Zhang Dengguo Wei |
| author_sort | Yingge Zheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Cocktail therapy significantly reduces the development of resistance to individual medications due to viral mutations. However, for effective inhibition of a particular virus, a customized approach to combination pharmacotherapy may be essential. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a member of the Coronaviridae family, whose genome consists of a single strand of positive-sense RNA and has evolved into multiple epidemic lineages with no available drugs in clinical practice. In this study, we found that the nucleoside analog gemcitabine decreased the titer of PEDV, with a median effective concentration (EC50) of 3.12 μM, thereby inhibiting viral replication. The natural product baicalein acts by targeting the early entry stage and directly inactivates the virus, with an EC50 of 5.02 μM. A notable synergistic effect was observed with the combination of 1 μM gemcitabine and 1.5 μM baicalein. This study demonstrated that the strategic use of a drug combination targeting both the replication and entry phases of the PEDV lifecycle can effectively inhibit viral proliferation. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e6f393aa2ffa4d0cb38a1b5498e36f5d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2731-0442 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animal Diseases |
| spelling | doaj-art-e6f393aa2ffa4d0cb38a1b5498e36f5d2025-02-09T12:27:15ZengBMCAnimal Diseases2731-04422025-02-01511910.1186/s44149-025-00157-yGemcitabine combined with baicalein exerts antiviral activity against PEDV by inhibiting the entry and replication phasesYingge Zheng0Yanfei Zhang1Fangying Xiong2Dehua Luo3Yuxiang Wang4Yijia Zhang5Dengguo Wei6State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityState Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityAbstract Cocktail therapy significantly reduces the development of resistance to individual medications due to viral mutations. However, for effective inhibition of a particular virus, a customized approach to combination pharmacotherapy may be essential. Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a member of the Coronaviridae family, whose genome consists of a single strand of positive-sense RNA and has evolved into multiple epidemic lineages with no available drugs in clinical practice. In this study, we found that the nucleoside analog gemcitabine decreased the titer of PEDV, with a median effective concentration (EC50) of 3.12 μM, thereby inhibiting viral replication. The natural product baicalein acts by targeting the early entry stage and directly inactivates the virus, with an EC50 of 5.02 μM. A notable synergistic effect was observed with the combination of 1 μM gemcitabine and 1.5 μM baicalein. This study demonstrated that the strategic use of a drug combination targeting both the replication and entry phases of the PEDV lifecycle can effectively inhibit viral proliferation.https://doi.org/10.1186/s44149-025-00157-yAntivirusGemcitabineBaicaleinSynergistic effectCombination therapy |
| spellingShingle | Yingge Zheng Yanfei Zhang Fangying Xiong Dehua Luo Yuxiang Wang Yijia Zhang Dengguo Wei Gemcitabine combined with baicalein exerts antiviral activity against PEDV by inhibiting the entry and replication phases Animal Diseases Antivirus Gemcitabine Baicalein Synergistic effect Combination therapy |
| title | Gemcitabine combined with baicalein exerts antiviral activity against PEDV by inhibiting the entry and replication phases |
| title_full | Gemcitabine combined with baicalein exerts antiviral activity against PEDV by inhibiting the entry and replication phases |
| title_fullStr | Gemcitabine combined with baicalein exerts antiviral activity against PEDV by inhibiting the entry and replication phases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gemcitabine combined with baicalein exerts antiviral activity against PEDV by inhibiting the entry and replication phases |
| title_short | Gemcitabine combined with baicalein exerts antiviral activity against PEDV by inhibiting the entry and replication phases |
| title_sort | gemcitabine combined with baicalein exerts antiviral activity against pedv by inhibiting the entry and replication phases |
| topic | Antivirus Gemcitabine Baicalein Synergistic effect Combination therapy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s44149-025-00157-y |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yinggezheng gemcitabinecombinedwithbaicaleinexertsantiviralactivityagainstpedvbyinhibitingtheentryandreplicationphases AT yanfeizhang gemcitabinecombinedwithbaicaleinexertsantiviralactivityagainstpedvbyinhibitingtheentryandreplicationphases AT fangyingxiong gemcitabinecombinedwithbaicaleinexertsantiviralactivityagainstpedvbyinhibitingtheentryandreplicationphases AT dehualuo gemcitabinecombinedwithbaicaleinexertsantiviralactivityagainstpedvbyinhibitingtheentryandreplicationphases AT yuxiangwang gemcitabinecombinedwithbaicaleinexertsantiviralactivityagainstpedvbyinhibitingtheentryandreplicationphases AT yijiazhang gemcitabinecombinedwithbaicaleinexertsantiviralactivityagainstpedvbyinhibitingtheentryandreplicationphases AT dengguowei gemcitabinecombinedwithbaicaleinexertsantiviralactivityagainstpedvbyinhibitingtheentryandreplicationphases |