Lower Extremity Kinematic Waveform Analysis During a Single Leg Drop Task – Including a Single Subject Design
# BACKGROUND Lower limb asymmetries may be associated with increased injury risk in an active female population. However, an appropriate method for determining these asymmetries has not been established. # HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to examine the single leg drop land...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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North American Sports Medicine Institute
2022-12-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.55538 |
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| _version_ | 1825197052879962112 |
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| author | Nickolai JP Martonick Youngmin Chun Lukas Krumpl Joshua P Bailey |
| author_facet | Nickolai JP Martonick Youngmin Chun Lukas Krumpl Joshua P Bailey |
| author_sort | Nickolai JP Martonick |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | # BACKGROUND
Lower limb asymmetries may be associated with increased injury risk in an active female population. However, an appropriate method for determining these asymmetries has not been established.
# HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE
The purpose of the present study was to examine the single leg drop landing (SLD) kinematic waveforms of female recreational athletes for the pelvis, hip, and knee using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). It was hypothesized that individual bilateral differences would be masked by the group analysis.
# STUDY DESIGN
Descriptive Laboratory Study.
# METHODS
The current study examined the sagittal and frontal plane pelvis, hip, and knee kinematics of nine physically active females during a SLD. To better elucidate whether asymmetries were present between right and left limbs throughout the landing phase, data were analyzed with SPM. The time-series data were comprised from initial contact to the bottom of the landing. A single subject design was also included to account for potential interindividual variability.
# RESULTS
At the group level there were no statistical differences between the right and left limbs of participants for all variables. The single subject design yielded at least two significant asymmetries for all participants. Six out of the nine participants had bilateral differences for all six kinematic time-series.
# CONCLUSIONS
The lack of significant differences at the group level may have been masked by movement variability amongst participants. For example, when considering participants with significant differences for hip flexion, four participants had greater values on the left limb and three on the right. A similar observation was made for knee flexion where three participants had significantly greater kinematic values on the left versus four on the right. Until a method is developed to adequately dichotomize lower extremities during the SLD task, a single subject design strategy be used with group analysis when making bilateral comparisons.
# LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
3 |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-e816dbe8893c4cbcba6bc954efcd8b0d |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2159-2896 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | North American Sports Medicine Institute |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| spelling | doaj-art-e816dbe8893c4cbcba6bc954efcd8b0d2025-02-11T20:27:48ZengNorth American Sports Medicine InstituteInternational Journal of Sports Physical Therapy2159-28962022-12-01177Lower Extremity Kinematic Waveform Analysis During a Single Leg Drop Task – Including a Single Subject DesignNickolai JP MartonickYoungmin ChunLukas KrumplJoshua P Bailey# BACKGROUND Lower limb asymmetries may be associated with increased injury risk in an active female population. However, an appropriate method for determining these asymmetries has not been established. # HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to examine the single leg drop landing (SLD) kinematic waveforms of female recreational athletes for the pelvis, hip, and knee using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). It was hypothesized that individual bilateral differences would be masked by the group analysis. # STUDY DESIGN Descriptive Laboratory Study. # METHODS The current study examined the sagittal and frontal plane pelvis, hip, and knee kinematics of nine physically active females during a SLD. To better elucidate whether asymmetries were present between right and left limbs throughout the landing phase, data were analyzed with SPM. The time-series data were comprised from initial contact to the bottom of the landing. A single subject design was also included to account for potential interindividual variability. # RESULTS At the group level there were no statistical differences between the right and left limbs of participants for all variables. The single subject design yielded at least two significant asymmetries for all participants. Six out of the nine participants had bilateral differences for all six kinematic time-series. # CONCLUSIONS The lack of significant differences at the group level may have been masked by movement variability amongst participants. For example, when considering participants with significant differences for hip flexion, four participants had greater values on the left limb and three on the right. A similar observation was made for knee flexion where three participants had significantly greater kinematic values on the left versus four on the right. Until a method is developed to adequately dichotomize lower extremities during the SLD task, a single subject design strategy be used with group analysis when making bilateral comparisons. # LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.55538 |
| spellingShingle | Nickolai JP Martonick Youngmin Chun Lukas Krumpl Joshua P Bailey Lower Extremity Kinematic Waveform Analysis During a Single Leg Drop Task – Including a Single Subject Design International Journal of Sports Physical Therapy |
| title | Lower Extremity Kinematic Waveform Analysis During a Single Leg Drop Task – Including a Single Subject Design |
| title_full | Lower Extremity Kinematic Waveform Analysis During a Single Leg Drop Task – Including a Single Subject Design |
| title_fullStr | Lower Extremity Kinematic Waveform Analysis During a Single Leg Drop Task – Including a Single Subject Design |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lower Extremity Kinematic Waveform Analysis During a Single Leg Drop Task – Including a Single Subject Design |
| title_short | Lower Extremity Kinematic Waveform Analysis During a Single Leg Drop Task – Including a Single Subject Design |
| title_sort | lower extremity kinematic waveform analysis during a single leg drop task including a single subject design |
| url | https://doi.org/10.26603/001c.55538 |
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