OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis
Objective Ultrasonography is crucial for diagnosing giant cell arteritis (GCA); however, training opportunities are rare. This study tested the reliability of ultrasonography findings and measurements of the intima-media thickness (IMT) among ultrasonography experts by using phantoms of the axillary...
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2025-02-01
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| author | Annamaria Iagnocco Christian Dejaco Richard J Wakefield Stavros Chrysidis Sara Monti Thomas Daikeler Esperanza Naredo Lene Terslev Wolfgang A Schmidt Alojzija Hočevar Christina Duftner Chetan Mukhtyar Valentin Sebastian Schäfer Kate Smith Eugenio De Miguel Marcin Milchert Andreas P Diamantopoulos Pierluigi Macchioni Uffe Møller Døhn George A Bruyn Verena Tischler Wolfgang Hartung Markus Aschwanden Giuseppe Germanò Aaron Juche Rositsa Karalilova Dennis Boumans Kresten Krarup Keller Luca Seitz Berit Nielsen Tobias Schremmer Florian Recker Cees Haagsma Pantelis Karakostas Borsha Sarker |
| author_facet | Annamaria Iagnocco Christian Dejaco Richard J Wakefield Stavros Chrysidis Sara Monti Thomas Daikeler Esperanza Naredo Lene Terslev Wolfgang A Schmidt Alojzija Hočevar Christina Duftner Chetan Mukhtyar Valentin Sebastian Schäfer Kate Smith Eugenio De Miguel Marcin Milchert Andreas P Diamantopoulos Pierluigi Macchioni Uffe Møller Døhn George A Bruyn Verena Tischler Wolfgang Hartung Markus Aschwanden Giuseppe Germanò Aaron Juche Rositsa Karalilova Dennis Boumans Kresten Krarup Keller Luca Seitz Berit Nielsen Tobias Schremmer Florian Recker Cees Haagsma Pantelis Karakostas Borsha Sarker |
| author_sort | Annamaria Iagnocco |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective Ultrasonography is crucial for diagnosing giant cell arteritis (GCA); however, training opportunities are rare. This study tested the reliability of ultrasonography findings and measurements of the intima-media thickness (IMT) among ultrasonography experts by using phantoms of the axillary (AA) and temporal arteries (TA) created with high-resolution 3D printing.Methods Twenty-eight participants from 12 European countries received eight sets of phantoms of the AA and the superficial TA (including common, frontal and parietal branches), which were examined in a blinded fashion according to a predefined protocol and evaluated based on Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) GCA ultrasound definitions. Due to difficulties with the delineation of the intima-media complex, the parietal branch of the phantoms was modified, and a second round was conducted. The IMT was measured, and phantoms were classified as normal or vasculitic.Results In both rounds, the phantoms were correctly classified as normal/abnormal in >81% of cases yielding a Fleiss’ kappa of 0.80 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.81) in round 1 and 0.74 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.75) in round 2. IMT measurements revealed an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 1.1) of 0.98 (95% CI 0.98 to 0.99) in both rounds. Intrarater reliability was good with a median Cohens Kappa of 0.83 and median ICC of 0.78.Conclusion The study demonstrated high reliability among ultrasound experts in applying the OMERACT ultrasound definitions for GCA and in measuring the IMT using a 3D-printed phantom of the AA and TA. This phantom could assist clinicians in training to assess the large arteries of patients with suspected or established GCA. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-ec4b211ce9824ac191f633151a91f5f7 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2056-5933 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
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| series | RMD Open |
| spelling | doaj-art-ec4b211ce9824ac191f633151a91f5f72025-02-07T05:00:09ZengBMJ Publishing GroupRMD Open2056-59332025-02-0111110.1136/rmdopen-2024-005316OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritisAnnamaria Iagnocco0Christian Dejaco1Richard J Wakefield2Stavros Chrysidis3Sara Monti4Thomas Daikeler5Esperanza Naredo6Lene Terslev7Wolfgang A Schmidt8Alojzija Hočevar9Christina Duftner10Chetan Mukhtyar11Valentin Sebastian Schäfer12Kate Smith13Eugenio De Miguel14Marcin Milchert15Andreas P Diamantopoulos16Pierluigi Macchioni17Uffe Møller Døhn18George A Bruyn19Verena Tischler20Wolfgang Hartung21Markus Aschwanden22Giuseppe Germanò23Aaron Juche24Rositsa Karalilova25Dennis Boumans26Kresten Krarup Keller27Luca Seitz28Berit Nielsen29Tobias Schremmer30Florian Recker31Cees Haagsma32Pantelis Karakostas33Borsha Sarker34Università degli Studi di Torino, Torino, ItalyRheumatology, Medical University Graz, Graz, AustriaLeeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UKRheumatology, Sydvestjysk Sygehus Esbjerg, Esbjerg, DenmarkRheumatology, University of Pavia; early Arthritis Clinic, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo Foundation, Pavia, ItalyRheumatology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandRheumatology, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, SpainRigshospitalet, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, Glostrup, DenmarkImmanuel Krankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, GermanyDepartment of Rheumatology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Division of Internal Medicine, Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Clinical Division of Internal Medicine II, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaVasculitis Service, Rheumatology Department, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UKDepartment of Rheumatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, GermanyNIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UKHospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, SpainDepartment of Rheumatology, Internal Medicine, Geriatrics and Clinical Immunology, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Szczecin, PolandSorlandet sykehus HF, Kristiansand, NorwayAzienda USL IRCCS Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, ItalyDepartment of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Kobenhavn, DenmarkDepartment of Rheumatology, Tergooi Medical Centre, Hilversum, The NetherlandsDepartment of Clinical Pathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, GermanyAsklepios Medical Center, Bad Abbach, GermanyAngiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandDepartment of Specialistic Medicine, Azienda USL, Reggio Emilia, ItalyImmanuel Hospital Berlin-Wannsee Branch, Berlin, GermanyClinic of Rheumatology, Medical University Plovdiv, Plovdiv, BulgariaDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ziekenhuisgroep Twente (Hospital Group Twente), Almelo, The NetherlandsDepartment of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DenmarkDepartment of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Bern, Bern, SwitzerlandDepartment of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, DenmarkRheumatology, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, GermanyDepartment for Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, GermanyDepartment of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ziekenhuisgroep Twente (Hospital Group Twente), Almelo, The NetherlandsOncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, GermanyNIHR Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds, UKObjective Ultrasonography is crucial for diagnosing giant cell arteritis (GCA); however, training opportunities are rare. This study tested the reliability of ultrasonography findings and measurements of the intima-media thickness (IMT) among ultrasonography experts by using phantoms of the axillary (AA) and temporal arteries (TA) created with high-resolution 3D printing.Methods Twenty-eight participants from 12 European countries received eight sets of phantoms of the AA and the superficial TA (including common, frontal and parietal branches), which were examined in a blinded fashion according to a predefined protocol and evaluated based on Outcome Measures in Rheumatology (OMERACT) GCA ultrasound definitions. Due to difficulties with the delineation of the intima-media complex, the parietal branch of the phantoms was modified, and a second round was conducted. The IMT was measured, and phantoms were classified as normal or vasculitic.Results In both rounds, the phantoms were correctly classified as normal/abnormal in >81% of cases yielding a Fleiss’ kappa of 0.80 (95% CI 0.78 to 0.81) in round 1 and 0.74 (95% CI 0.72 to 0.75) in round 2. IMT measurements revealed an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 1.1) of 0.98 (95% CI 0.98 to 0.99) in both rounds. Intrarater reliability was good with a median Cohens Kappa of 0.83 and median ICC of 0.78.Conclusion The study demonstrated high reliability among ultrasound experts in applying the OMERACT ultrasound definitions for GCA and in measuring the IMT using a 3D-printed phantom of the AA and TA. This phantom could assist clinicians in training to assess the large arteries of patients with suspected or established GCA.https://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/11/1/e005316.full |
| spellingShingle | Annamaria Iagnocco Christian Dejaco Richard J Wakefield Stavros Chrysidis Sara Monti Thomas Daikeler Esperanza Naredo Lene Terslev Wolfgang A Schmidt Alojzija Hočevar Christina Duftner Chetan Mukhtyar Valentin Sebastian Schäfer Kate Smith Eugenio De Miguel Marcin Milchert Andreas P Diamantopoulos Pierluigi Macchioni Uffe Møller Døhn George A Bruyn Verena Tischler Wolfgang Hartung Markus Aschwanden Giuseppe Germanò Aaron Juche Rositsa Karalilova Dennis Boumans Kresten Krarup Keller Luca Seitz Berit Nielsen Tobias Schremmer Florian Recker Cees Haagsma Pantelis Karakostas Borsha Sarker OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis RMD Open |
| title | OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis |
| title_full | OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis |
| title_fullStr | OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis |
| title_full_unstemmed | OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis |
| title_short | OMERACT GCA phantom project: validation of a 3D-printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis |
| title_sort | omeract gca phantom project validation of a 3d printed ultrasound training phantom for diagnosis of giant cell arteritis |
| url | https://rmdopen.bmj.com/content/11/1/e005316.full |
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