Conservation Voltage Reduction in Distribution Networks: A Comprehensive Review
Conservation voltage reduction (CVR) is an efficient technique that lowers voltage levels to reduce aggregated energy consumption and achieve peak demand shaving in distribution networks. Utilities have considered CVR as a cost-effective technique to improve energy efficiency and reduce customers&am...
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| Format: | Article |
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IEEE
2025-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10870211/ |
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| author | Ibrahim Alzubi Saher Albatran Issam A. Smadi Salman Harasis |
| author_facet | Ibrahim Alzubi Saher Albatran Issam A. Smadi Salman Harasis |
| author_sort | Ibrahim Alzubi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Conservation voltage reduction (CVR) is an efficient technique that lowers voltage levels to reduce aggregated energy consumption and achieve peak demand shaving in distribution networks. Utilities have considered CVR as a cost-effective technique to improve energy efficiency and reduce customers’ bills. This paper bridges the gap between theory and practice by providing a comprehensive and systematic review of CVR research progress from various aspects, including the effects of CVR on the operation and efficiency of both individual loads, such as residential appliances, and composite commercial and industrial loads. Engineers need to know the detailed CVR assessment methodologies in the literature, including (i) comparison-based, (ii) regression-based, (iii) load modeling-based, and (iv) simulation-based methods. Existing techniques of CVR implementation, including voltage/VAR control (VVC) and voltage/VAR optimization (VVO), are detailed to clarify practical applications working in the field, allowing researchers to develop and improve. Afterward, a complete review of the CVR utilization in active distribution networks with the presence of distributed generation (DG) and integrating CVR in microgrid applications is carried out. In addition, a survey about the economic benefits of CVR for both utilities and customers is analyzed. This paper gives engineers and researchers a handy tool to evaluate the state-of-the-art critically, clarify the latest and advanced technologies, and highlight challenges, limitations, and further developments in CVR applications. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f1a714be5b284ed88ab60b0c08d061c9 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj-art-f1a714be5b284ed88ab60b0c08d061c92025-02-12T00:02:10ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362025-01-0113250972511410.1109/ACCESS.2025.353852610870211Conservation Voltage Reduction in Distribution Networks: A Comprehensive ReviewIbrahim Alzubi0https://orcid.org/0009-0009-3729-128XSaher Albatran1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3960-7534Issam A. Smadi2https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7593-7787Salman Harasis3https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2427-5829Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JordanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JordanDepartment of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JordanDepartment of Electrical Power and Mechatronics Engineering, Tafila Technical University, Tafila, JordanConservation voltage reduction (CVR) is an efficient technique that lowers voltage levels to reduce aggregated energy consumption and achieve peak demand shaving in distribution networks. Utilities have considered CVR as a cost-effective technique to improve energy efficiency and reduce customers’ bills. This paper bridges the gap between theory and practice by providing a comprehensive and systematic review of CVR research progress from various aspects, including the effects of CVR on the operation and efficiency of both individual loads, such as residential appliances, and composite commercial and industrial loads. Engineers need to know the detailed CVR assessment methodologies in the literature, including (i) comparison-based, (ii) regression-based, (iii) load modeling-based, and (iv) simulation-based methods. Existing techniques of CVR implementation, including voltage/VAR control (VVC) and voltage/VAR optimization (VVO), are detailed to clarify practical applications working in the field, allowing researchers to develop and improve. Afterward, a complete review of the CVR utilization in active distribution networks with the presence of distributed generation (DG) and integrating CVR in microgrid applications is carried out. In addition, a survey about the economic benefits of CVR for both utilities and customers is analyzed. This paper gives engineers and researchers a handy tool to evaluate the state-of-the-art critically, clarify the latest and advanced technologies, and highlight challenges, limitations, and further developments in CVR applications.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10870211/Conservation voltage reduction (CVR)demand reductiondistributed generation (DG)energy conservationVolt-VAR control (VVC)Volt-VAR optimization (VVO) |
| spellingShingle | Ibrahim Alzubi Saher Albatran Issam A. Smadi Salman Harasis Conservation Voltage Reduction in Distribution Networks: A Comprehensive Review IEEE Access Conservation voltage reduction (CVR) demand reduction distributed generation (DG) energy conservation Volt-VAR control (VVC) Volt-VAR optimization (VVO) |
| title | Conservation Voltage Reduction in Distribution Networks: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full | Conservation Voltage Reduction in Distribution Networks: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_fullStr | Conservation Voltage Reduction in Distribution Networks: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_full_unstemmed | Conservation Voltage Reduction in Distribution Networks: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_short | Conservation Voltage Reduction in Distribution Networks: A Comprehensive Review |
| title_sort | conservation voltage reduction in distribution networks a comprehensive review |
| topic | Conservation voltage reduction (CVR) demand reduction distributed generation (DG) energy conservation Volt-VAR control (VVC) Volt-VAR optimization (VVO) |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/10870211/ |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ibrahimalzubi conservationvoltagereductionindistributionnetworksacomprehensivereview AT saheralbatran conservationvoltagereductionindistributionnetworksacomprehensivereview AT issamasmadi conservationvoltagereductionindistributionnetworksacomprehensivereview AT salmanharasis conservationvoltagereductionindistributionnetworksacomprehensivereview |