The association of HIV status and depressive symptoms in the Ndlovu Cohort study
Abstract HIV majorly contributes to the disease burden in South Africa. Depressive symptoms are common in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Few studies compared depressive symptoms between PLHIV and those without HIV. The aim of the study was to examine the association of HIV status and depressive sym...
Saved in:
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Portfolio
2025-02-01
|
| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85830-5 |
| Tags: |
Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
|
| _version_ | 1823862702030716928 |
|---|---|
| author | Li Xiang Y. den Boer Karine Scheuermaier Hugo A. Tempelman Roos E. Barth Walter L. J. M. Devillé Roel A. Coutinho Diederick E. Grobbee Francois Venter Alinda G. Vos-Seda Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch |
| author_facet | Li Xiang Y. den Boer Karine Scheuermaier Hugo A. Tempelman Roos E. Barth Walter L. J. M. Devillé Roel A. Coutinho Diederick E. Grobbee Francois Venter Alinda G. Vos-Seda Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch |
| author_sort | Li Xiang Y. den Boer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract HIV majorly contributes to the disease burden in South Africa. Depressive symptoms are common in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Few studies compared depressive symptoms between PLHIV and those without HIV. The aim of the study was to examine the association of HIV status and depressive symptoms. Moreover, the study aimed to explore the comparison between HIV-negative participants and the different HIV-positive sub-groups regarding their depressive symptoms. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among PLHIV and HIV-negative participants in rural South Africa, using the baseline data of the Ndlovu Cohort study. Data was collected on demographics, socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms using the PHQ-9 questionnaire. A score of 10 and above indicated depressive symptoms. Logistic regression analysis on the relationship between HIV status and depressive symptoms was used while adjusting for age, sex, level of education, employment status, income, and ever smoking. The study included 1,927 participants; 46% were PLHIV and 239 (12.5%) had depressive symptoms. PLHIV were more likely to have depressive symptoms than HIV-negative participants (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01–1.77). This association was not statistically significant after adjusting for confounders (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.92–1.63). Compared to HIV-negative participants, ART (antiretroviral treatment) naïve participants had statistically significant higher odds of depressive symptoms (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.20–2.78). This association remained after adjusting for confounders (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.11–2.61). There was no statistically significant difference in depressive symptoms between HIV-negative participants and those on ART, regardless of treatment regimen. In general, higher odds of depressive symptoms in ART-naïve PLHIV could reflect poor coping with diagnosis of HIV. Future research to investigate the relation between ART regimen and depressive symptoms, to establish causality and to identify changes over time, is warranted. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f4316cd126234c56a3dcf5233af2eeea |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj-art-f4316cd126234c56a3dcf5233af2eeea2025-02-09T12:28:26ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222025-02-011511810.1038/s41598-025-85830-5The association of HIV status and depressive symptoms in the Ndlovu Cohort studyLi Xiang Y. den Boer0Karine Scheuermaier1Hugo A. Tempelman2Roos E. Barth3Walter L. J. M. Devillé4Roel A. Coutinho5Diederick E. Grobbee6Francois Venter7Alinda G. Vos-Seda8Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch9Julius Global Health, Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversitySchool of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the WitwatersrandNdlovu Care GroupDepartment of Infectious Diseases, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityJulius Global Health, Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityJulius Global Health, Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityJulius Global Health, Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityEzintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the WitwatersrandJulius Global Health, Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityJulius Global Health, Department of Global Public Health and Bioethics, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht UniversityAbstract HIV majorly contributes to the disease burden in South Africa. Depressive symptoms are common in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Few studies compared depressive symptoms between PLHIV and those without HIV. The aim of the study was to examine the association of HIV status and depressive symptoms. Moreover, the study aimed to explore the comparison between HIV-negative participants and the different HIV-positive sub-groups regarding their depressive symptoms. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted among PLHIV and HIV-negative participants in rural South Africa, using the baseline data of the Ndlovu Cohort study. Data was collected on demographics, socioeconomic status, and depressive symptoms using the PHQ-9 questionnaire. A score of 10 and above indicated depressive symptoms. Logistic regression analysis on the relationship between HIV status and depressive symptoms was used while adjusting for age, sex, level of education, employment status, income, and ever smoking. The study included 1,927 participants; 46% were PLHIV and 239 (12.5%) had depressive symptoms. PLHIV were more likely to have depressive symptoms than HIV-negative participants (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01–1.77). This association was not statistically significant after adjusting for confounders (OR 1.22, 95% CI 0.92–1.63). Compared to HIV-negative participants, ART (antiretroviral treatment) naïve participants had statistically significant higher odds of depressive symptoms (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.20–2.78). This association remained after adjusting for confounders (OR 1.72, 95% CI 1.11–2.61). There was no statistically significant difference in depressive symptoms between HIV-negative participants and those on ART, regardless of treatment regimen. In general, higher odds of depressive symptoms in ART-naïve PLHIV could reflect poor coping with diagnosis of HIV. Future research to investigate the relation between ART regimen and depressive symptoms, to establish causality and to identify changes over time, is warranted.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85830-5Depressive symptomsHIV statusAntiretroviral therapy (ART)Sub-saharan Africa |
| spellingShingle | Li Xiang Y. den Boer Karine Scheuermaier Hugo A. Tempelman Roos E. Barth Walter L. J. M. Devillé Roel A. Coutinho Diederick E. Grobbee Francois Venter Alinda G. Vos-Seda Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch The association of HIV status and depressive symptoms in the Ndlovu Cohort study Scientific Reports Depressive symptoms HIV status Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Sub-saharan Africa |
| title | The association of HIV status and depressive symptoms in the Ndlovu Cohort study |
| title_full | The association of HIV status and depressive symptoms in the Ndlovu Cohort study |
| title_fullStr | The association of HIV status and depressive symptoms in the Ndlovu Cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | The association of HIV status and depressive symptoms in the Ndlovu Cohort study |
| title_short | The association of HIV status and depressive symptoms in the Ndlovu Cohort study |
| title_sort | association of hiv status and depressive symptoms in the ndlovu cohort study |
| topic | Depressive symptoms HIV status Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Sub-saharan Africa |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-85830-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT lixiangydenboer theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT karinescheuermaier theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT hugoatempelman theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT roosebarth theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT walterljmdeville theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT roelacoutinho theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT diederickegrobbee theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT francoisventer theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT alindagvosseda theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT kerstinklipsteingrobusch theassociationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT lixiangydenboer associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT karinescheuermaier associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT hugoatempelman associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT roosebarth associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT walterljmdeville associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT roelacoutinho associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT diederickegrobbee associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT francoisventer associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT alindagvosseda associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy AT kerstinklipsteingrobusch associationofhivstatusanddepressivesymptomsinthendlovucohortstudy |