Global, regional and national burdens of cardiovascular disease attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis
Background Over the past three decades, significant disparities in the global burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been observed, particularly CVD attributed to secondhand smoke. However, a comprehensive understanding of global trends and their interaction with secondhand smoke remains inadeq...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMJ Publishing Group
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Open Heart |
| Online Access: | https://openheart.bmj.com/content/12/1/e003079.full |
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| author | Hong Jiang Xiang-Bin Pan Xiaofei Li Shouzheng Wang Zeye Liu Peijian Wei Fengwen Zhang Wen-Bin Ou-yang |
| author_facet | Hong Jiang Xiang-Bin Pan Xiaofei Li Shouzheng Wang Zeye Liu Peijian Wei Fengwen Zhang Wen-Bin Ou-yang |
| author_sort | Hong Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Over the past three decades, significant disparities in the global burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been observed, particularly CVD attributed to secondhand smoke. However, a comprehensive understanding of global trends and their interaction with secondhand smoke remains inadequate.Methods Using Global Burden of Disease data (1990–2019), an age-period-cohort analysis examined temporal trends in CVD mortality among secondhand smoke-exposed populations, considering age, period and cohort interactions.Results Over the 30-year period, the global number of CVD deaths attributed to secondhand smoke increased substantially, from 432.6 thousand in 1990 (95% UI: 357.4–508.3) to 598.5 thousand in 2019 (95% UI: 489.7–713.5), representing a 38.4% increase (95% UI: 26.8%–49.5%). In 2019, CVD accounted for 45.9% of all deaths attributable to secondhand smoke among both sexes globally. Among these CVD deaths, ischaemic heart disease predominated, accounting for 66.4% of cases, compared with stroke. The distribution by sex revealed a slightly lower percentage of males (46.5%) than females (53.5%). Age-period-cohort models show overall global decline in CVD mortality due to secondhand smoke over 30 years, with regional, sex and subtype variations. Notably, a higher Sociodemographic Index (SDI) correlated with a greater reduction in mortality, exhibiting a significant 39.1% decrease in high SDI areas (95% UI: 35.6%–42.3%), in stark contrast to the minimal change observed in low SDI areas (0.1%, 95% UI: −52.4%–62.2%).Conclusions This study highlights the importance of considering secondhand smoke as a modifiable CVD risk. Further research is needed to understand disparities in CVD burden across development levels, sexes and subtypes. |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj-art-f4369e12a3a64fe7b91a0bc42cde1ba8 |
| institution | Kabale University |
| issn | 2053-3624 |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | BMJ Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Heart |
| spelling | doaj-art-f4369e12a3a64fe7b91a0bc42cde1ba82025-02-11T18:20:13ZengBMJ Publishing GroupOpen Heart2053-36242025-02-0112110.1136/openhrt-2024-003079Global, regional and national burdens of cardiovascular disease attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysisHong Jiang0Xiang-Bin Pan1Xiaofei Li2Shouzheng Wang3Zeye Liu4Peijian Wei5Fengwen Zhang6Wen-Bin Ou-yang71The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USADepartment of Cardiovascular Surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, ChinaDepartment of Cardiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College Fuwai Hospital, Xicheng District, Beijing, China1 0000 0000 9889 6335grid.413106.1Department of Medical OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College 17 Pan-jia-yuan South Lane, Chaoyang District 100021 Beijing ChinaDepartment of Cardiac Surgery, Peking University People`s Hospital & Peking University, Beijing, People`s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Structural Heart Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People`s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Structural Heart Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People`s Republic of ChinaDepartment of Structural Heart Disease, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People`s Republic of ChinaBackground Over the past three decades, significant disparities in the global burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been observed, particularly CVD attributed to secondhand smoke. However, a comprehensive understanding of global trends and their interaction with secondhand smoke remains inadequate.Methods Using Global Burden of Disease data (1990–2019), an age-period-cohort analysis examined temporal trends in CVD mortality among secondhand smoke-exposed populations, considering age, period and cohort interactions.Results Over the 30-year period, the global number of CVD deaths attributed to secondhand smoke increased substantially, from 432.6 thousand in 1990 (95% UI: 357.4–508.3) to 598.5 thousand in 2019 (95% UI: 489.7–713.5), representing a 38.4% increase (95% UI: 26.8%–49.5%). In 2019, CVD accounted for 45.9% of all deaths attributable to secondhand smoke among both sexes globally. Among these CVD deaths, ischaemic heart disease predominated, accounting for 66.4% of cases, compared with stroke. The distribution by sex revealed a slightly lower percentage of males (46.5%) than females (53.5%). Age-period-cohort models show overall global decline in CVD mortality due to secondhand smoke over 30 years, with regional, sex and subtype variations. Notably, a higher Sociodemographic Index (SDI) correlated with a greater reduction in mortality, exhibiting a significant 39.1% decrease in high SDI areas (95% UI: 35.6%–42.3%), in stark contrast to the minimal change observed in low SDI areas (0.1%, 95% UI: −52.4%–62.2%).Conclusions This study highlights the importance of considering secondhand smoke as a modifiable CVD risk. Further research is needed to understand disparities in CVD burden across development levels, sexes and subtypes.https://openheart.bmj.com/content/12/1/e003079.full |
| spellingShingle | Hong Jiang Xiang-Bin Pan Xiaofei Li Shouzheng Wang Zeye Liu Peijian Wei Fengwen Zhang Wen-Bin Ou-yang Global, regional and national burdens of cardiovascular disease attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis Open Heart |
| title | Global, regional and national burdens of cardiovascular disease attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis |
| title_full | Global, regional and national burdens of cardiovascular disease attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis |
| title_fullStr | Global, regional and national burdens of cardiovascular disease attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global, regional and national burdens of cardiovascular disease attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis |
| title_short | Global, regional and national burdens of cardiovascular disease attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990–2019: an age-period-cohort analysis |
| title_sort | global regional and national burdens of cardiovascular disease attributable to secondhand smoke from 1990 2019 an age period cohort analysis |
| url | https://openheart.bmj.com/content/12/1/e003079.full |
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