The In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiadipogenic Properties of Pigmented Flower Extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae Plant Families

This study investigated the potential health-promoting properties of new sources of natural food colorants, namely pigmented flower extracts from Geraniaceae (Pelargonium grandiflorum, Pelargonium × hortorum, Pelargonium zonale hybrid) and Lamiaceae (Salvia aurea × dolomitica, Salvia dolomitica and...

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Main Authors: Anton Venter, Hennie Fisher, Gary I. Stafford, June C. Serem, Megan J. Bester, Kwaku G. Duodu
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2025-01-01
Series:Journal of Chemistry
Online Access:http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/joch/3853835
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author Anton Venter
Hennie Fisher
Gary I. Stafford
June C. Serem
Megan J. Bester
Kwaku G. Duodu
author_facet Anton Venter
Hennie Fisher
Gary I. Stafford
June C. Serem
Megan J. Bester
Kwaku G. Duodu
author_sort Anton Venter
collection DOAJ
description This study investigated the potential health-promoting properties of new sources of natural food colorants, namely pigmented flower extracts from Geraniaceae (Pelargonium grandiflorum, Pelargonium × hortorum, Pelargonium zonale hybrid) and Lamiaceae (Salvia aurea × dolomitica, Salvia dolomitica and Plectranthus zuluensis). In the Geraniaceae family, the main phenolic acids identified were hydrolysable tannins, while the main flavonoids were rutinosides of kaempferol and quercetin. In the Lamiaceae family, the main phenolic acids were caffeic acid and its derivatives, and the main flavonoids were naringin and neohesperidin. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity were higher for Geraniaceae than for Lamiaceae species. For all extracts, oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) was similar, except for P. zonale hybrid. These extracts protected Caco-2 cells against 2, 2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) generated oxidative damage. Similarly, all extracts, except P. zonale hybrid, effectively scavenged nitric oxide (NO) and reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO formation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Inhibition of the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) was significant for P. grandiflorum and P. × hortorum. All pigmented flower extracts, except the P. zonale hybrid, reduced lipid accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Treatment during adipocyte differentiation caused cell death, except for the P. zonale hybrid. In conclusion, related to antioxidant activity, inhibition of AGE formation and lipid accumulation in differentiated adipocytes, P. grandiflorum was the most active, while the P. zonale hybrid was the least. These differences are potentially related to the concentration, type and stability of the polyphenols found in these pigmented flower extracts. Overall, the pigmented flower extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae show a range of health-promoting properties that represent an additional benefit to their potential use as natural food colourants.
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spelling doaj-art-fe279e6eb58443d38f8922711e275da62025-02-07T00:47:31ZengWileyJournal of Chemistry2090-90712025-01-01202510.1155/joch/3853835The In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiadipogenic Properties of Pigmented Flower Extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae Plant FamiliesAnton Venter0Hennie Fisher1Gary I. Stafford2June C. Serem3Megan J. Bester4Kwaku G. Duodu5Department of Consumer and Food SciencesDepartment of Consumer and Food SciencesDepartment of Plant and Soil SciencesDepartment of AnatomyDepartment of AnatomyDepartment of Consumer and Food SciencesThis study investigated the potential health-promoting properties of new sources of natural food colorants, namely pigmented flower extracts from Geraniaceae (Pelargonium grandiflorum, Pelargonium × hortorum, Pelargonium zonale hybrid) and Lamiaceae (Salvia aurea × dolomitica, Salvia dolomitica and Plectranthus zuluensis). In the Geraniaceae family, the main phenolic acids identified were hydrolysable tannins, while the main flavonoids were rutinosides of kaempferol and quercetin. In the Lamiaceae family, the main phenolic acids were caffeic acid and its derivatives, and the main flavonoids were naringin and neohesperidin. The total polyphenol content (TPC) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity were higher for Geraniaceae than for Lamiaceae species. For all extracts, oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) was similar, except for P. zonale hybrid. These extracts protected Caco-2 cells against 2, 2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) generated oxidative damage. Similarly, all extracts, except P. zonale hybrid, effectively scavenged nitric oxide (NO) and reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO formation in RAW 264.7 macrophages. Inhibition of the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) was significant for P. grandiflorum and P. × hortorum. All pigmented flower extracts, except the P. zonale hybrid, reduced lipid accumulation in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Treatment during adipocyte differentiation caused cell death, except for the P. zonale hybrid. In conclusion, related to antioxidant activity, inhibition of AGE formation and lipid accumulation in differentiated adipocytes, P. grandiflorum was the most active, while the P. zonale hybrid was the least. These differences are potentially related to the concentration, type and stability of the polyphenols found in these pigmented flower extracts. Overall, the pigmented flower extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae show a range of health-promoting properties that represent an additional benefit to their potential use as natural food colourants.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/joch/3853835
spellingShingle Anton Venter
Hennie Fisher
Gary I. Stafford
June C. Serem
Megan J. Bester
Kwaku G. Duodu
The In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiadipogenic Properties of Pigmented Flower Extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae Plant Families
Journal of Chemistry
title The In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiadipogenic Properties of Pigmented Flower Extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae Plant Families
title_full The In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiadipogenic Properties of Pigmented Flower Extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae Plant Families
title_fullStr The In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiadipogenic Properties of Pigmented Flower Extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae Plant Families
title_full_unstemmed The In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiadipogenic Properties of Pigmented Flower Extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae Plant Families
title_short The In Vitro Antioxidant and Antiadipogenic Properties of Pigmented Flower Extracts of Geraniaceae and Lamiaceae Plant Families
title_sort in vitro antioxidant and antiadipogenic properties of pigmented flower extracts of geraniaceae and lamiaceae plant families
url http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/joch/3853835
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