Iatrogenic urogenital fistula in low- and middle-income countries: Defining a growing challenge by Carrie J. Ngongo, Thomas J.I.P. Raassen, Marietta Mahendeka, Sayeba Akhter, Lucien Wasingya, Paul Hilton

Get full text

Flexible assessment of biosecurity in small- and medium scale poultry farms in low and middle income countries by Søren Saxmose Nielsen, Naomi P. Kemunto, Dishon M. Muloi, Anders Miki Bojesen, Theodore Knight-Jones, Dreck Ayebare, Michel Dione, Eugine L. Ibayi, Louise Ladefoged Poulsen, Arshnee Moodley

“…While standardised tools for monitoring biosecurity implementation exist, they are often not tailored to the specific needs of low and middle income countries (LMICs), where pathogen occurrence and farming practices can be highly variable compared to intensive high income country settings. …”
Get full text

Health system governance for injury care in low- and middle-income countries: a survey of policymakers and policy implementors by Alice Sitch, Justine Davies, Kathryn Chu, Stephen Tabiri, Junaid Razzak, Lucia D’Ambruoso, Alemayehu Amberbir, Abebe Bekele, Agnieszka Ignatowicz, Mohammed Bukari, Derbew Fikadu Berhe, Barnabas Alayande, Pascal Nzasabimana, Jean Claude Byiringiro, Huba Atiq, Komal Abdul Rahim, Jane Acquaye, Anita Eseenam Agbeko, Napoleon Bellua Sam, Leila Ghalichi, Denys Ndangurura, Irene Bagahirwa, Dominic Konadu-Yeboah, Frederick Sarfo-Antwi, Lambert Nzungize, Ntombekhaya Tshabalala, Richard Osei, Tamlyn MacQuene, Zaheer Babar Chand, Zabin Wajidali, Adams Dramani, Ebenezer Kwame Amofa, Eric Twizeyimana, Fazila Sahibjan, Ghislaine Umwali, Mehreen Mustafa, Nadine Mugisha, Tariq Jakhro

“…Introduction Good health system governance is essential for reducing high mortality and morbidity after injury in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Unfortunately, the current state of governance for injury care is not known. …”
Get full text

Pathways and processes to adopting or switching to a single-dose HPV vaccination schedule in low- and middle-income countries: a qualitative study. by Sunny Roy, Megan D Wysong, Erica N Rosser, Ishani Sheth, Casey Geddes, Rupali J Limaye, Joseph G Rosen

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) recently endorsed a single-dose human papillomavirus vaccination (HPVV) schedule, but adoption of the revised immunization schedule has not been uniform, notably in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with outsized cervical cancer burdens. …”
Get full text

The effect of prenatal balanced energy and protein supplementation on gestational weight gain: An individual participant data meta-analysis in low- and middle-income countries. by Dongqing Wang, Uttara Partap, Enju Liu, Janaína Calu Costa, Ilana R Cliffer, Molin Wang, Sudeer Kumar Nookala, Vishak Subramoney, Brittany Briggs, Imran Ahmed, Alemayehu Argaw, Shabina Ariff, Nita Bhandari, Ranadip Chowdhury, Daniel Erchick, Armando García-Guerra, Masoumah Ghaffarpour, Giles Hanley-Cook, Lieven Huybregts, Fyezah Jehan, Fatemeh Kaseb, Nancy F Krebs, Carl Lachat, Tsering Pema Lama, Dharma S Manandhar, Elizabeth M McClure, Sophie E Moore, Ameer Muhammad, Lynnette M Neufeld, Andrew M Prentice, Amado D Quezada-Sánchez, Dominique Roberfroid, Naomi M Saville, Yasir Shafiq, Bhim P Shrestha, Bakary Sonko, Sajid Soofi, Sunita Taneja, James M Tielsch, Laéticia Céline Toe, Naser Valaei, Wafaie W Fawzi

“…<h4>Methods and findings</h4>Individual participant data from 11 randomized controlled trials of prenatal BEP supplements (N = 12,549, with 5,693 in the BEP arm and 6,856 in the comparison arm) in low- and middle-income countries were used. The primary outcomes included GWG adequacy (%) and the estimated total GWG at delivery as continuous outcomes, and severely inadequate (<70% adequacy), inadequate GWG (<90% adequacy), and excessive GWG (>125% adequacy) as binary outcomes; all variables were calculated based on the Institute of Medicine recommendations. …”
Get full text

Assessing the impact of antimicrobial resistance policies on antibiotic use and antimicrobial resistance-associated mortality in children and adults in low and middle-income countries: a global analysis by Günther Fink, Jay Patel, Kyaw Zay Ya

“…In recent years, many low and middle-income countries (LMICs) have implemented policies to optimise antibiotic use in both formal and informal healthcare settings. …”
Get full text

Empowering India’s fight against cervical cancer: Harnessing routine HPV immunisation by Sudip Bhattacharya, Suneela Garg, K Madan Gopal

Subjects: Get full text

An initial benchmark of the quality of the diagnosis and surgical treatment of breast cancer in South Africa by S Nietz, H Cubasch, I Buccimazza, S Čačala, B Phakathi, M Joffe, W C C Chen, S Norris, P Ruff

Subjects: Get full text

The burden and outcomes of firearm injuries at two district-level emergency centres in Cape Town, South Africa: A descriptive analysis by L Bush, C Hendrikse, C Van Koningsbruggen, K Evans

Subjects: Get full text

A comparative analysis of the level of out-of-pocket healthcare expenditure in urban and rural communities in Edo state Nigeria by Momoh JA, Mathew M, Momoh R.O, Luka-Lawal RK, Gadzama DA5, Daniel H, Prof. Abah SO, Prof. Uzochukwu

“… In many low- and middle-income countries, individuals faced with financial hardship cannot afford medical treatments or even finance the purchase of medicines due to relatively high cost of health care services.In numerous low- and middle-income countries, individuals experiencing financial difficulties are unable to afford medical treatments or purchase medicines due to the relatively high cost of healthcare services. …”
Get full text

Rethinking neglected tropical diseases: A shift towards more inclusive and equitable terminology. by Marlous L Grijsen, Yonah E Yangaza, Al Kadri, Fidel Strub, Esther E Freeman, Wendemagegn Enbiale

“…Neglected tropical diseases (NTD) refer to a group of 21 diseases that disproportionally affect impoverished communities in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) [1]. NTD collectively impact 1.7 billion people, which is about 20% of the world's population [1]. …”
Get full text

A decade of open access policy at the Gates Foundation based on experimentation, evidence and evolution by Ashley Farley

“…Now, in response to the ever-evolving needs of the scholarly ecosystem, the foundation is updating its policy again to strive for broader impact and to support practices that drive greater inclusion of scientists around the world, particularly those from low- and middle-income countries. This article will provide a deep dive into the decisions and data used to define a more equitable approach to dissemination of the research funded by the foundation.…”
Get full text

Artificial intelligence (AI) or augmented intelligence? How big data and AI are transforming healthcare: Challenges and opportunities by K Moodley

“…Global guidelines are emerging to ensure governance in AI, but many low- and middle-income countries have yet to develop context- specific frameworks. …”
Get full text

Advancing Gender Equity in Health: The Role of Medical Women’s International Association by Wajiha Rizwan, Eleanor Nwadinobi

“…MWIA’s 2022-2025 theme, "One Humanity: Health Solutions through Our Partnerships," stresses the importance of collaboration to address gender inequities, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Notable initiatives include the Equity 2030 Alliance with UNFPA, focusing on women-centric research, and the ‘Every Woman Treaty’ advocating for global standards to end violence against women. …”
Get full text

Antivirals for the treatment of mild and moderate COVID-19 in South Africa by R Perumal, V Naidoo, S Govender, T N Gengiah

“…Given the low vaccine uptake in SA and other low‐ and middle‐income countries in sub‐Saharan Africa, the high prevalence of comorbidities and limited healthcare system capacity, evidence‐based interventions that reduce the risk of severe disease and death should be considered for implementation. …”
Get full text

Phytochemical Constituents, Antimicrobial activities and Isolation of Eupatorin from the Seed Extract of <i>L. inermis</i> LINN by R.S. Ochu, H. Ibrahim, A.O. Oyewale

“… In low- and middle-income countries like Nigeria, traditional medicine practitioners use seeds, roots, stem barks or the whole plant to cure some ailments, hence, the need to scientifically analyze these ethnobotanical claims. …”
Get full text

Examining authorship in publications in selected health professions education journals by Anusmriti Guragain, Pathiyil Ravi Shankar, Ian G. Wilson

“…BMC Medical Education had the maximum percentage of authors from low- and middle-income countries. Nations having most of the world’s population and medical schools are significantly underrepresented in publications in the assessed journals impacting diversity and inclusivity in HPE publishing. …”
Get full text

The protein transition: what determines the animal-to-plant (A:P) protein ratios in global diets by Adam Drewnowski, Kayla Hooker

“…Efforts to reduce the dietary A:P protein ratio to 50:50, 40:60, or below are sometimes referred to as a “healthy protein transition.”MethodsAnalyses of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and World Bank data were used to show that an opposing and far more important protein transition is taking place globally.ResultsIn most low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), the dietary A:P protein ratio was closely associated with, if not determined, by gross national incomes (GNI). …”
Get full text

A tale of two kidneys, and the case for machine perfusion in South Africa by N B Leech, Z Keyser, D E Du Plessis, V Soyizwapi, L Bertels, T du Toit

“…The following case examines the difference in the institutional decision-making process applied to two kidneys from a single donor, and provides an argument for the use of hypothermic machine perfusion in low- to middle-income countries as an efficacious and objective means of assessing ECD kidney suitability. …”
Get full text

Exploring burn first aid knowledge and water lavage practices in Uganda: A cross-sectional study. by Brian Kasagga, Joseph Baruch Baluku, Felix Bongomin, Derrick Kasozi, Eria Muwanguzi, Mercy Namazzi, Yusuf Sadiq, Rose Alenyo, Edris Wamala Kalanzi, Darius Balumuka, Alex Emmanuel Elobu

“…<h4>Background</h4>Low- and middle-income countries experience higher burn-related morbidity and mortality compared to high-income countries. …”
Get full text