Natural selection and evolution: evolving concepts by Andre J. van Wijnen, Eric Lewallen

“…Evolution is an overarching framework that incorporates the laws of natural selection and clarifies why phenotypic variation can increase in prevalence and result in species adaptations. …”
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The impact of social complexity on the efficacy of natural selection in termites by Roux, Camille, Ha, Alice, Weyna, Arthur, Lode, Morgan, Romiguier, Jonathan

“…First, by analyzing transcriptome data from 66 Blattodea species, we focus on the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous mutations dN/dS as a marker of natural selection efficiency and effective population size. …”
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Evolution by natural selection is a scientific law and not just a theory by Daniel J.M. Crouch, Walter F. Bodmer

“… The concept of evolution by natural selection was developed primarily by Darwin and Wallace in the 19th century as an explanation for the diversity and origin of complex organisms. …”
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Natural selection and adaptive traits in the Maniq, a nomadic hunter-gatherer society from Mainland Southeast Asia by Tobias Herzog, Maximilian Larena, Wibhu Kutanan, Helmut Lukas, Martin Fieder, Helmut Schaschl

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How do monomorphic bacteria evolve? The Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and the awkward population genetics of extreme clonality by Stritt, Christoph, Gagneux, Sebastien

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Inactivation of the CMAH gene and deficiency of Neu5Gc play a role in human brain evolution by Yuxin Liu, Jinhong Li, Qicai Liu

“…An inactivation mutation in CMP-N-acetylneuraminic acid hydroxylase (CMAH) was the result of natural selection. The inactivation of CMAH protected our ancestors from some pathogens and reduced the level of N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) in brain tissue. …”
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Functional divergence caused by ancient positive selection of a Drosophila hybrid incompatibility locus. by Daniel A Barbash, Philip Awadalla, Aaron M Tarone

“…Our findings suggest that multiple substitutions driven by natural selection may be a general phenomenon required to generate hybrid incompatibility alleles.…”
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The landscape of nucleotide diversity in Drosophila melanogaster is shaped by mutation rate variation by Barroso, Gustavo V, Dutheil, Julien Y

“…Attempts to answer this question have sparked debate about the roles of neutral stochastic processes and natural selection in molecular evolution. However, the mechanisms of evolution do not act in isolation, and integrative models that simultaneously consider the influence of multiple factors on diversity are lacking; without them, confounding factors lurk in the estimates. …”
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Individual differences in developmental trajectory leave a male polyphenic signature in bulb mite populations by Deere, Jacques A., Smallegange, Isabel M.

“…If, like in mammals and birds where early-life stress effects are extensively studied, we account for such pre-adult viability selection in coldblooded species, it would allow us to (i) better characterise natural selection on trait development like male polyphenisms, (ii) understand how it can affect the response to other selections in adulthood, and (iii) understand how such trait dynamics influence, and are influenced by, population dynamics. …”
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Natural products targeting RAS by multiple mechanisms and its therapeutic potential in cancer: An update since 2020 by Yanqing Liu, Jie Chen, Xiang Li, Yu Fan, Cheng Peng, Xiaochun Ye, Yingshuang Wang, Xin Xie

“…Natural products, endowed with unique chemical structures and diverse biological activities through long-term natural selection, have emerged as a vital resource for discovering novel RAS-targeted therapeutic drugs. …”
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Codon usage patterns and genomic variation analysis of chloroplast genomes provides new insights into the evolution of Aroideae by Xinbi Jia, Jiaqi Wei, Yuewen Chen, Chenghong Zeng, Chan Deng, Pengchen Zeng, Yufei Tang, Qinghong Zhou, Yingjin Huang, Qianglong Zhu

“…The ENC-plot and PR2-plot revealed that the codon usage bias of Aroideae was influenced by multiple factors, with natural selection as the dominant factor. Thirteen to twenty optimal codons ending in A/T were identified in 61 Aroideae species. …”
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Effective Facial Expression Recognition System Using Artificial Intelligence Technique by Imad S. Yousif, Tarik A. Rashid, Ahmed S. Shamsaldin, Sabat A. Abdulhameed, Abdulhady Abas Abdullah

“…ANNS are inspired by the neural architecture of human brain capable of learning and recognizing patterns in unchartered data after trained examples, on the other hand GAs come from fundamental principles underlying natural selection perform optimization process based-on evolutionary methods which includes fitness evaluation, comparison, selection, crossover, and mutation. …”
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Effects of mode of reproduction on genetic polymorphism and divergence in wild yams (Dioscoreaceae: Dioscorea) by Xin Wang, Qing-Hong Feng, Zhi-Hua Zeng, Zhi-Qiang Zhang, Jie Cai, Gao Chen, De-Zhu Li, Hong Wang, Wei Zhou

“…Primarily asexual species exhibited a reduced efficacy of natural selection and accumulation of deleterious mutations for both divergence and polymorphism. …”
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