A pilot cluster randomized controlled trial assessing uptake of PrEP and contraception in hair salons in South Africa by Ingrid V. Bassett, Joyce Yan, Sabina Govere, Sthabile Shezi, Lungile M. Ngcobo, Shruti Sagar, Jana Jarolimova, Dani Zionts, Anele Khumalo, Zinhle Zwane, Christina Psaros, Nduduzo Dube, Robert A. Parker

“…We defined uptake as the proportion of eligible women who accepted salon-based PrEP and/or salon-based contraception at any visit. …”
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Burden of diseases attributable to excess body weight in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019 by Saeid Safiri, Jessica A. Grieger, Amir Ghaffari Jolfayi, Seyed Ehsan Mousavi, Seyed Aria Nejadghaderi, Asra Fazlollahi, Mark J. M. Sullman, Nahid Karamzad, Fikrettin Sahin, Kuljit Singh, Gary S. Collins, Ali-Asghar Kolahi

“…For adults, EBW was defined as a body mass index (BMI) exceeding 25 kg/m2, while for children aged 1 to 19 years, EBW was determined according to the standards set by the International Obesity Taskforce. The burden was reported in terms of numbers, proportions, and age-standardised rates per 100,000, accompanied by corresponding 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). …”
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Ensemble learning to predict short birth interval among reproductive-age women in Ethiopia: evidence from EDHS 2016–2019 by Jenberu Mekurianew Kelkay, Deje Sendek Anteneh, Henok Dessie Wubneh, Abraham Dessie Gessesse, Gebeyehu Fassil Gebeyehu, Kalkidan Kassahun Aweke, Mikiyas Birhanu Ejigu, Mathias Amare Sendeku, Kirubel Adrissie Barkneh, Hasset Girma Demissie, Wubshet D. Negash, Birku Getie Mihret

“…Region, residency, age of women, sex of child, respondent education, distance health facility, husband education and religion were top predicting factors of short birth interval among women in Ethiopia. …”
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Self-assessed depressive symptoms in adolescents comparing two Swedish cohorts born 15 years apart by Carl Wikberg, Pia Augustsson, Marcus Praetorius Björk, Tord Ivarsson, Gudny Sveinsdottir, Eiríkur Örn Arnarson, W. Edward Craighead, Ina Marteinsdottir, Josefine Lilja

“…However, the later cohort exhibited higher scores on three CDI items (''Nothing is fun at all,'' ''I am bad all the time,'' ''I can never be as good as other kids'') and in the sub-domain of self-deprecation. …”
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Family history of cardiovascular disease and death in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest by Magnus Gylling, Johanna Krøll, Peder Emil Warming, Carolina Malta Hansen, Fredrik Folke, Steen M. Hansen, Lars Køber, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Rodrigue Garcia, Jacob Tfelt-Hansen, Peter E. Weeke

“…Patients with OHCA were matched 1:4 (age, sex, and number of identifiable parents) with individuals from the background population (controls) to compare family histories (events in first-degree relatives before OHCA) of CVD, all-cause death, cardiovascular death, and premature death (death <60 years). …”
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Differences and analogies in thyroid cancer discovered incidentally or by thyroid-related screening: a multicenter study by Laura Croce, Rosaria Maddalena Ruggeri, Camilla Virili, Carlo Cappelli, Marsida Teliti, Pietro Costa, Spyridon Chytiris, Antonio Nicocia, Francesca Coperchini, Maria Flavia Bagaglini, Flavia Magri, Alfredo Campennì, Mario Rotondi

“…Measurements: Data on pre-surgery reasons leading to TC diagnosis, age, sex, BMI, presence of cardiometabolic comorbidities and non-thyroid cancer were collected. …”
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Effectiveness of lateral femoral cutaneous and femoral nerve block in managing postoperative pain for hemiarthroplasty patients by Kazi Mahzabin Arin, Shofina Sultana, Ayesha Sultana, Abdul Hannan Mohammad, Chandra Shekhar Karmakar, AKM Akhtaruzzaman

“…The average time to demand rescue analgesia was 4.9 (0.8) hours in the FIC group and 9.4 (1.5) hours in the LFCN plus FN group. Adjusted time based on age, sex, body mass index, and Anesthesiologists class for the FIC block group was 6.8 (0.9) hours, while the LFCN plus FN block group recorded 7.5 (0.8) hours (P=0.003). …”
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Defining Nocturnal Polyuria in Adolescents by Tasmia Promi, Anthony Brooks, Gulzhan Tologonova, Marie-Claire Roberts, Sarita Dhuper, Meseret Tena, Oluwatoyin Bamgbola, Monique Hanono, Jeffrey P. Weiss, Karel Everaert, Tine DeBacker, Thomas F. Monaghan, Louis Salciccioli, Stephen Wadowski, Elka Jacobson-Dickman, Jason M. Lazar

“…While diagnostic criteria for NP have been established in adult men, they have not been validated in other demographic groups including women, adolescents, and children, and little is known about appropriate reference values in these populations. …”
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Effects of Digital Storytelling Package on Students’ Motivation and Attitude to Christian Religious Studies (CRS) in Junior Secondary Schools by Adetunmbi L. Akinyemi, Jonathan Iyanuoluwa Makinde

“…Les résultats de cette étude ont révélé que les élèves font preuve d'un faible niveau de motivation et d'une attitude négative à l'égard des ERC. …”
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Models based on dietary nutrients predicting all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in people with diabetes by Fang Wang, Yukang Mao, Jinyu Sun, Jiaming Yang, Li Xiao, Qingxia Huang, Chenchen Wei, Zhongshan Gou, Kerui Zhang

“…The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration plot and decision curve analysis (DCA) were utilized to evaluate the performance of the models. The association of key dietary nutrients with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were visualized by restricted cubic spline (RCS) models both in the whole and subgroups by sex, age, drinking and smoking status. …”
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Reconstructing prevalence dynamics of wildlife pathogens from pooled and individual samples by Borremans, Benny, Falvo, Caylee A, Crowley, Daniel E, Hoegh, Andrew, Lloyd-Smith, James O, Peel, Alison J, Restif, Olivier, Ruiz-Aravena, Manuel, Plowright, Raina K

“…This is because pooling can introduce a dilution effect where pathogen concentration is lowered by the inclusion of negative or lower-concentration samples, while at the same time a pooled sample can test positive even when some of the contributing samples are negative. …”
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Care Complexity Factors and Discharge Destination in an Emergency Department: A Retrospective Cohort Study by Andrea Urbina, Jordi Adamuz, Maria-Eulàlia Juvé-Udina, Judith Peñafiel-Muñoz, Virginia Munoa-Urruticoechea, Maribel González-Samartino, Pilar Delgado-Hito, Javier Jacob, Marta Romero-García

“…Of these, 60.8% were home discharged, 34.1% were hospitalized, 2.6% were transferred to the intensive care unit, 2.1% were left without being seen, and 0.4% died. The presence of CCIFs was a risk factor of ED mortality (odds ratio (OR): 13.49 [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.99;36.46]), intensive care unit admission (OR:1.26 [95%CI:1.08;1.47]), and hospitalization (OR: 1.62 [95%CI:1.53;1.71]), whilst the presence of care complexity factors was a protective factor of discharge against medical advice (OR:0.64 [95%CI:0.55;0.74]). …”
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Clinical and microbiological analysis of risk factors for breakthrough bloodstream infection during Tigecycline Therapy by Sol Jin, So Yun Lim, Yun Woo Lee, Heungsup Sung, Mi-Na Kim, Seongman Bae, Jiwon Jung, Min Jae Kim, Sung-Han Kim, Sang-Oh Lee, Sang-Ho Choi, Yang Soo Kim, Eun Hee Song, Yong Pil Chong

“…Patients with breakthrough BSI (1:1) were matched with controls without breakthrough BSI based on age, sex, and date of tigecycline therapy. Results Of 4505 patients treated with tigecycline, 115 (2.6%, 95% confidence interval 2.1 to 3.1%) developed breakthrough BSI. …”
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Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection before and after the Omicron wave in a cohort of healthcare workers in Ontario, Canada by Jorge L. Martinez-Cajas, Ann Jolly, Yanping Gong, Gerald Evans, Santiago Perez-Patrigeon, Bradley Stoner, T. Hugh Guan, Beatriz Alvarado

“…Methods We conducted a longitudinal analysis using data from a cohort of HCWs recruited from one acute care hospital and four long-term care homes. …”
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Effect of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) on hospitalization among adults with COVID-19: An electronic health record-based target trial emulation from N3C. by Abhishek Bhatia, Alexander J Preiss, Xuya Xiao, M Daniel Brannock, G Caleb Alexander, Robert F Chew, Hannah Davis, Megan Fitzgerald, Elaine Hill, Elizabeth P Kelly, Hemalkumar B Mehta, Charisse Madlock-Brown, Kenneth J Wilkins, Christopher G Chute, Melissa Haendel, Richard Moffitt, Emily R Pfaff, N3C Consortium

“…To emulate randomization, we used the clone-censor-weight technique with inverse probability of censoring weights to balance a set of covariates including sex, age, race and ethnicity, comorbidities, community well-being index (CWBI), prior healthcare utilization, month of COVID-19 index, and site of care provision. …”
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Risk of All-Cause Mortality in US Adults With Preserved Ratio Impaired Spirometry: An Observational Study by Xiao S, Ou J, Qiu W, Ye C, Li N, Chen S, Lai Y, Deng Z, Wu F, Shen Y

“…Shan Xiao,1,&ast; Jie Ou,2,&ast; Wangli Qiu,3,&ast; Chunxin Ye,1 Na Li,1 Sida Chen,1 Yuting Lai,1 Zhishan Deng,4 Fan Wu,4 Yan Shen1 1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Longgang District Central Hospital, Shenzhen, People’s Republic of China; 2State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Chest Hospital, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China; 4State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease & Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health & National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease & National Center for Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China&ast;These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Yan Shen, Email [email protected] Fan Wu, Email wu.fan@vip.163.comBackground: Preserved ratio impaired spirometry (PRISm) is defined as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC)≥ 0.70 and FEV1< 80% predicted. …”
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Plasma myeloperoxidase interactions with cadmium, lead, arsenic, and selenium and their impact on chronic kidney disease by Hsi-Hsien Chen, Ya-Li Huang, Chih-Yin Wu, Mei-Chieh Chen, Horng-Sheng Shiue, Sheng-Lun Hsu, Ying-Chin Lin, Yu-Mei Hsueh

“…Accordingly, we recruited 395 age- and sex-matched controls and 215 patients with CKD (persistent estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 for a minimum of 12 weeks without hemodialysis). …”
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How efficient are specialized public health services in China? A data envelopment analysis and geographically weighted regression approach by Qian Bai, Qian Bai, Lieyu Huang, Yan Guo, Xin Xu, Zhouyixin Zhang, Yuan Wang, Hao Chen, Ying Bian, Ying Bian

“…On the other side, the ratio of older population, the sex ratio and the Nitrogen Oxides emission volume had positive impacts on technical efficiency with variations in coefficient magnitude across different geographic areas.ConclusionThe efficiency of specialized public health facilities has not achieved the optimal status, particularly in terms of the pure technical efficiency. …”
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Pathogen community composition and co-infection patterns in a wild community of rodents by Abbate, Jessica L., Galan, Maxime, Razzauti, Maria, Sironen, Tarja, Voutilainen, Liina, Henttonen, Heikki, Gasqui, Patrick, Cosson, Jean-François, Charbonnel, Nathalie

“…We revealed that host species is the most important determinant of pathogen community composition, and that hosts that share habitats can have very different pathogen communities. …”
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Effect of differences in vascular anatomy on surgical outcomes of left pancreatectomy: a retrospective study by Masahiro Fukada, Noriki Mitsui, Takeshi Horaguchi, Yuji Hatanaka, Itaru Yasufuku, Yuta Sato, Jesse Yu Tajima, Shigeru Kiyama, Yoshihiro Tanaka, Katsutoshi Murase, Nobuhisa Matsuhashi

“…In MILP cases, sex (male; OR 9.07; 95% CI 2.61–38.65; p < 0.001) and the pancreatic resection line (above the portal vein; OR 4.12; 95% CI 1.18–17.08; p = 0.03) showed significant associations. …”
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