Assessing learning, behaviour, and stress level in goats while testing a virtual fencing training protocol by L. Wilms, D. Hamidi, C.H.U. Lüntzel, M. Hamidi, M. Komainda, R. Palme, J. Isselstein, S. Waiblinger, M. Egerbacher

“…Virtual fencing (VF) is a modern fencing technology using Global Positioning System-enabled collars which emit acoustic signals and, if the animal does not respond, electric pulses. …”
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